pectoral region &thoracic wall TF&FITB

Question 1

1. The pectoralis major muscle originates from the clavicle, sternum, and upper ribs.

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

The pectoralis minor muscle inserts on the scapula.

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

The pectoralis major muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve.

Answer 3

False (It is innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerves.)

Question 4

The pectoralis minor muscle lies deep to the pectoralis major muscle.

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

The pectoralis major muscle is primarily responsible for adduction and medial rotation of the humerus.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the lateral pectoral nerve.

Answer 6

False (It is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve.)

Question 7

The serratus anterior muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve.

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

The pectoralis major muscle inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Answer 8

• False (It inserts on the lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus.)

Question 9

The intercostal muscles are arranged in three layers: external, internal, and innermost.

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

The external intercostal muscles assist in forced expiration.

Answer 10

• False (They assist in inspiration.)

Question 11

The internal intercostal muscles are responsible for quiet inspiration.

Answer 11

False (The external intercostal muscles are responsible for quiet inspiration.)

Question 12

The innermost intercostal muscles are the deepest layer of intercostal muscles.

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 14

The thoracic duct drains lymph into the right subclavian vein.

Answer 14

False (It drains into the left subclavian vein.)

Question 15

The pectoralis minor muscle originates from the ribs and inserts on the coracoid process.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

The clavicle articulates with the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint.

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

The sternal angle is located at the level of the second thoracic vertebra (T2).

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

The pectoralis major muscle is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve.

Answer 18

False (It is innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerves.)

Question 19

The pectoralis minor muscle helps stabilize the scapula by pulling it forward.

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

The intercostal muscles are involved in both inspiration and expiration.

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

The internal thoracic artery supplies blood to the pectoral region and anterior thoracic wall.

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

The thoracic wall is composed of the sternum, ribs, costal cartilages, and thoracic vertebrae.

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

The pectoralis major muscle is a superficial muscle of the pectoral region.

Answer 23

TRUE

Question 24

The pectoralis minor muscle is located deep to the pectoralis major muscle.

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

The intercostal spaces contain intercostal muscles, nerves, arteries, and veins.

Answer 25

TRUE

Question 26

The pectoralis major muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve.

Answer 26

False (It is innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerves.)

Question 27

The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the lateral pectoral nerve.

Answer 27

False (It is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve.)

Question 28

The intercostal nerves are derived from spinal nerves T1-T11.

Answer 28

TRUE

Question 29

The pectoralis major muscle inserts on the humerus.

Answer 29

TRUE

Question 30

The pectoralis minor muscle originates from the sternum.

Answer 30

False (It originates from the ribs.)

Question 31

The breast is composed primarily of glandular tissue and does not contain adipose tissue.

Answer 31

False (The breast contains both glandular and adipose tissue.)

Question 32

The lactiferous ducts transport milk from the lobules to the nipple.

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

The Montgomery glands are modified sweat glands that help lubricate the areola.

Answer 33

TRUE

Question 34

The primary lymphatic drainage of the breast is to the parasternal lymph nodes.

Answer 34

False (The primary lymphatic drainage is to the axillary lymph nodes.)

Question 35

The breast develops from the mesoderm during embryonic development.

Answer 35

False (The breast develops from the ectoderm.)

Question 36

The most common site for breast cancer metastasis is the liver.

Answer 36

False (The most common site is the bone.)

Question 37

The nipple is innervated by the intercostal nerves T4-T6.

Answer 37

TRUE

Question 38

The breast tissue extends into the axillary region and is known as the "Tail of Spence."

Answer 38

TRUE

Question 39

The hormone prolactin is responsible for milk ejection during breastfeeding.

Answer 39

False (Oxytocin is responsible for milk ejection; prolactin is responsible for milk production.)

Question 40

The breast is divided into four quadrants: upper outer, upper inner, lower inner, and lower outer.

Answer 40

TRUE

Question 41

The most common quadrant for breast tumors is the lower inner quadrant.

Answer 41

False (The upper outer quadrant is the most common site for breast tumors.)

Question 42

The intercostal nerves are derived from spinal nerves T1-T12.

Answer 42

False (They are derived from spinal nerves T1-T11.)

Question 42

The sternal angle is located at the level of the second thoracic vertebra (T2).

Answer 42

TRUE

Question 42

The lactiferous sinus is a widened portion of the lactiferous duct near the nipple.

Answer 42

TRUE

Question 43

The breast contains cartilage to support its structure.

Answer 43

False (The breast does not contain cartilage; it is supported by connective tissue and Cooper's ligaments.)

Question 44

The primary function of the breast is to produce hormones.

Answer 44

False (The primary function of the breast is milk production.)

Question 45

The areola is the pigmented area surrounding the nipple.

Answer 45

TRUE

Question 46

The breast does not contain any lymphatic vessels.

Answer 46

False (The breast has an extensive lymphatic network.)

Question 47

The alveoli are responsible for milk production in the breast.

Answer 47

TRUE

Question 48

The term "witch's milk" refers to milk secreted by the male breast.

Answer 48

False (It refers to milk secreted by the infant breast shortly after birth.)

Question 49

The breast is entirely composed of glandular tissue.

Answer 49

False (The breast contains glandular tissue, adipose tissue, and connective tissue.)

Question 50

The primary blood supply to the breast comes from the internal thoracic artery.

Answer 50

TRUE

Question 51

muscle is a large, fan-shaped muscle that covers the anterior thoracic wall.

Answer 51

pectoralis major

Question 52

muscle lies deep to the pectoralis major and inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula.

Answer 52

The pectoralis minor

Question 53

muscle articulates with the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint.

Answer 53

clavicle

Question 54

angle is located at the level of the second thoracic vertebra (T2).

Answer 54

sternal angle

Question 55

muscle is innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerves.

Answer 55

pectoralis major

Question 56

muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve.

Answer 56

pectoralis minor

Question 57

muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve.

Answer 57

serratus anterior

Question 58

artery supplies blood to the anterior thoracic wall and the pectoral muscles.

Answer 58

internal thoracic artery

Question 59

ducts drains lymph from the lower half of the body into the left subclavian vein.

Answer 59

thoracic duct

Question 60

muscles are arranged in three layers: external, internal, and innermost.

Answer 60

intercostal

Question 61

muscles are responsible for quiet inspiration.

Answer 61

external intercostal muscle

Question 62

muscles assist in forced expiration.

Answer 62

internal intercostal muscle

Question 63

muscles are the deepest layer of intercostal muscles.

Answer 63

innermost intercostal muscle

Question 64

cartilages articulate with the sternum to form the costochondral joints.

Answer 64

costal cartilage

Question 65

bone composed of three parts: the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.

Answer 65

sternum

Question 66

muscle originates from the clavicle, sternum, and ribs.

Answer 66

pectoralis major

Question 67

muscle originates from the ribs and inserts on the coracoid process.

Answer 67

pectoralis minor

Question 68

artery gives rise to the axillary artery, which supplies the pectoral region.

Answer 68

subclavian artery

Question 69

artery supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle.

Answer 69

thoracodorsal artery

Question 70

nerve innervates the serratus anterior muscle.

Answer 70

long thoracic nerve

Question 71

nerve innervates both the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles.

Answer 71

medial pectoral nerve

Question 72

nerve innervates the pectoralis major muscle.

Answer 72

lateral pectoral nerve

Question 73

nerves are derived from the spinal nerves T1-T11.

Answer 73

intercostal nerve

Question 74

pleura lines the inner surface of the thoracic wall.

Answer 74

parietal pleura

Question 75

pleura covers the surface of the lungs.

Answer 75

visceral pleura

Question 76

muscle lies deep to the pectoralis major and is involved in compressing the rib cage.

Answer 76

transversus thoracic

Question 77

muscle inserts on the lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus.

Answer 77

The pectoralis major

Question 78

muscle helps stabilize the scapula by pulling it forward.

Answer 78

pectoralis minor

Question 79

spaces contain intercostal muscles, nerves, arteries, and veins.

Answer 79

intercostal space

Question 80

wall is composed of the sternum, ribs, costal cartilages, and thoracic vertebrae.

Answer 80

thoracic wall

Question 81

The breast is composed of

Answer 81

glandular tissue, adipose tissue, connective tissue

Question 82

Each breast contains 15-20 ____ , which are responsible for milk production.

Answer 82

lobules

Question 83

transport milk from the lobules to the nipple.

Answer 83

lactiferous ducts

Question 84

a widened portion of the lactiferous duct located beneath the nipple.

Answer 84

lactiferous sinus

Question 85

glands are modified sebaceous glands that lubricate the areola.

Answer 85

montgomery glands

Question 86

The primary lymphatic drainage of the breast is to the _____ nodes.

Answer 86

axillary lymph

Question 87

The breast tissue extends into the axillary region and is known as

Answer 87

axillary tail or tail of spence

Question 88

The sensory innervation of the nipple and areola is provided by the

Answer 88

intercostal nerve T4-T6

Question 89

The hormone ____ is responsible for milk production in the breast.

Answer 89

prolactin

Question 90

The hormone___ is responsible for the milk ejection reflex.

Answer 90

oxytocin

Question 91

The breast develops from the____ during embryonic development.

Answer 91

ectoderm

Question 92

___are fibrous connective tissue that help support the breast.

Answer 92

cooper’s ligament

Question 93

The most common site for breast cancer metastasis is___

Answer 93

the bone

Question 94

the central projection of the breast through which milk is expelled.

Answer 94

nipple

Question 95

The breast is divided into

Answer 95

** four quadrants** upper outer, upper inner, lower inner, and lower outer

Question 96

ducts open onto the surface of the nipple.

Answer 96

lactiferous ducts

Question 97

small sacs within the lobules that produce milk.

Answer 97

alveoli

Question 98

another important site for lymphatic drainage of the breast.

Answer 98

parasternal lymph nodes

Question 99

The term "witch's milk" refers to milk secreted by the ___shortly after birth.

Answer 99

infant breast

Question 100

The pectoralis major muscle is innervated by which nerve? - A. Long thoracic nerve - B. Thoracodorsal nerve - C. Medial pectoral nerve - D. Lateral pectoral nerve

Answer 100

C

Question 101

Which muscle is located deep to the pectoralis major muscle? - A. Latissimus dorsi - B. Pectoralis minor - C. Serratus anterior - D. Trapezius

Answer 101

B

Question 102

The clavicle articulates with the sternum at the: - A. Acromion - B. Coracoid process - C. Manubrium - D. Xiphoid process

Answer 102

C

Question 103

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the pectoral region? - A. Pectoralis major - B. Pectoralis minor - C. Serratus anterior - D. Deltoid

Answer 103

D

Question 104

The intercostal nerves are derived from which spinal nerves? - A. T1-T11 - B. T1-T12 - C. T2-T12 - D. T1-T10

Answer 104

A

Question 105

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the thoracic wall? - A. Intercostal muscles - B. Parietal pleura - C. Visceral pleura - D. Costal cartilages

Answer 105

C

Question 106

The costal cartilages articulate with the sternum to form the: - A. Costochondral joints - B. Sternoclavicular joints - C. Costovertebral joints - D. Xiphisternal joints

Answer 106

A

Question 107

The pectoralis minor muscle inserts on the: - A. Coracoid process - B. Acromion - C. Clavicle - D. Scapula

Answer 107

A

Question 108

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the long thoracic nerve? - A. Pectoralis major - B. Pectoralis minor - C. Serratus anterior - D. Latissimus dorsi

Answer 108

C

Question 109

The external intercostal muscles are responsible for: - A. Forced expiration - B. Forced inspiration - C. Quiet expiration - D. Quiet inspiration

Answer 109

D

Question 110

Which of the following arteries supplies the pectoral region? - A. Internal thoracic artery - B. Subclavian artery - C. Axillary artery - D. All of the above

Answer 110

D

Question 111

The sternal angle is located at the level of which vertebra? - A. T1 - B. T2 - C. T3 - D. T4

Answer 111

B

Question 112

Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the intercostal nerves? - A. External intercostal muscles - B. Internal intercostal muscles - C. Pectoralis major - D. Innermost intercostal muscles

Answer 112

C

Question 113

The thoracic duct drains lymph into the: - A. Right subclavian vein - B. Left subclavian vein - C. Right internal jugular vein - D. Left internal jugular vein

Answer 113

B

Question 114

Which of the following muscles is located deep to the pectoralis minor muscle? - A. Serratus anterior - B. Latissimus dorsi - C. Trapezius - D. Rhomboid major

Answer 114

A

Question 115

The intercostal veins drain into which of the following veins? - A. Internal jugular vein - B. Subclavian vein - C. Azygos vein - D. Superior vena cava

Answer 115

C

Question 116

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the thoracic wall? - A. External intercostal muscles - B. Internal intercostal muscles - C. Pectoralis major - D. Transversus thoracis

Answer 116

C

Question 117

. The pectoralis major muscle originates from all of the following EXCEPT: - A. Clavicle - B. Sternum - C. Ribs - D. Scapula

Answer 117

D

Question 118

Which of the following nerves passes through the thoracic inlet? - A. Phrenic nerve - B. Vagus nerve - C. Sympathetic trunk - D. All of the above

Answer 118

D

Question 119

The intercostal spaces contain all of the following EXCEPT: - A. Intercostal nerves - B. Intercostal arteries - C. Intercostal veins - D. Parietal pleura

Answer 119

D

Question 120

The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the: - A. Lateral pectoral nerve - B. Medial pectoral nerve - C. Long thoracic nerve - D. Thoracodorsal nerve

Answer 120

B

Question 121

The intercostal muscles are arranged in which of the following order from superficial to deep? - A. External, internal, innermost - B. Internal, external, innermost - C. Innermost, external, internal - D. Innermost, internal, external

Answer 121

A

Question 122

Which of the following muscles is responsible for elevating the ribs during inspiration? - A. External intercostal muscles - B. Internal intercostal muscles - C. Innermost intercostal muscles - D. Transversus thoracis

Answer 122

A

Question 123

The thoracic duct originates from the: - A. Cisterna chyli - B. Left subclavian vein - C. Right subclavian vein - D. Superior vena cava

Answer 123

A

Question 124

Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the medial pectoral nerve? - A. Pectoralis major - B. Pectoralis minor - C. Serratus anterior - D. Latissimus dorsi

Answer 124

D

Question 125

The intercostal spaces contain all of the following EXCEPT: - A. Intercostal nerves - B. Intercostal arteries - C. Intercostal veins - D. Visceral pleura

Answer 125

D

Question 126

The pectoralis major muscle inserts on the: - A. Humerus - B. Clavicle - C. Scapula - D. Sternum

Answer 126

A

Question 127

Which of the following muscles is located deep to the pectoralis major muscle? - A. Pectoralis minor - B. Latissimus dorsi - C. Serratus anterior - D. Trapezius

Answer 127

A

Question 128

The intercostal nerves are derived from which spinal nerves? - A. T1-T11 - B. T1-T12 - C. T2-T12 - D. T1-T10

Answer 128

A

Question 129

The pectoralis minor muscle inserts on the: - A. Coracoid process - B. Acromion - C. Clavicle - D. Scapula

Answer 129

A

Question 130

Which of the following is the primary function of the breast? - A. Hormone production - B. Nutrient storage - C. Milk production - D. Protection of underlying structures

Answer 130

C

Question 131

The breast is composed of 15-20 lobules. Each lobule drains into a: - A. Lactiferous sinus - B. Lactiferous duct - C. Alveolus - D. Acinus

Answer 131

B

Question 132

Which hormone is primarily responsible for milk production? - A. Oxytocin - B. Progesterone - C. Prolactin - D. Estrogen

Answer 132

C

Question 133

The Montgomery glands are located in which part of the breast? - A. Nipple - B. Areola - C. Lobules - D. Lactiferous ducts

Answer 133

B

Question 134

Which quadrant of the breast is most commonly associated with breast tumors? - A. Upper outer - B. Upper inner - C. Lower inner - D. Lower outer

Answer 134

A

Question 135

The breast tissue extends into the axillary region and is known as: - A. Tail of Spence - B. Axillary tail - C. Lymphatic tail - D. Pectoral tail

Answer 135

A

Question 136

Which of the following nerves provides sensory innervation to the nipple and areola? - A. Intercostal nerves T4-T6 - B. Lateral cutaneous nerve of T4 - C. Medial pectoral nerve - D. Supraclavicular nerve

Answer 136

A

Question 137

The primary lymphatic drainage of the breast is to the: - A. Pectoral lymph nodes - B. Parasternal lymph nodes - C. Intercostal lymph nodes - D. Supraclavicular lymph nodes

Answer 137

A

Question 138

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the breast? - A. Alveoli - B. Lactiferous ducts - C. Cooper's ligaments - D. Lactiferous sinuses

Answer 138

C

Question 139

The term "witch's milk" refers to: - A. Milk secreted during pregnancy - B. Milk secreted by the male breast - C. Milk secreted by the infant breast - D. Abnormal milk secretion

Answer 139

C

Question 140

Which of the following is NOT a component of breast tissue? - A. Glandular tissue - B. Adipose tissue - C. Connective tissue - D. Cartilage

Answer 140

D

Question 141

The most common site for breast cancer metastasis is: - A. Liver - B. Lung - C. Bone - D. Brain

Answer 141

C

Question 142

The Montgomery glands are modified sebaceous glands that: - A. Produce milk - B. Lubricate the areola - C. Drain lymphatic fluid - D. Support the breast tissue

Answer 142

B

Question 143

Which of the following is NOT a function of the breast? - A. Milk production - B. Hormone production - C. Nutrient storage - D. Protection of underlying structures

Answer 143

B

Question 144

The lactiferous sinus is a widened portion of the: - A. Lactiferous duct - B. Alveolus - C. Lactiferous duct near the nipple - D. Glandular tissue

Answer 144

C

Question 145

Which of the following is NOT a quadrant of the breast? - A. Upper outer - B. Lower inner - C. Central - D. Lateral

Answer 145

D

Question 146

The breast develops from which embryonic tissue layer? - A. Ectoderm - B. Mesoderm - C. Endoderm - D. All of the above

Answer 146

A

Question 147

Which hormone is responsible for the milk ejection reflex? - A. Prolactin - B. Oxytocin - C. Estrogen - D. Progesterone

Answer 147

B

Question 148

The breast is primarily composed of: - A. Glandular tissue only - B. Adipose tissue only - C. Glandular and adipose tissue - D. Connective tissue only

Answer 148

C

Question 149

Which of the following is NOT a feature of breast anatomy? - A. Lobules - B. Alveoli - C. Lactiferous ducts - D. Sinusoids

Answer 149

D