Pectoral Region Flashcards

1
Q

What fascia is the pectoral fascia continuos with?

A

Anterior abdominal wall fascia and brachial fascia

-leaves lateral border of pectorals major m. to become axillary fascia

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2
Q

What fascia encloses subclavius m. and pectorals minor m.?

A

Clavipectoral fascia

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3
Q

What pierces the costocoracoid membrane?

A

Lateral pectoral n., cephalic v., and thoracoacromial trunk.

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4
Q

What does the suspensory l. of the axilla do?

A

Supports axillary fascia and pulls axillary fascia and skin inferior to it upward during ABD
-Forms axillary fossa

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5
Q

What are the anterior axioappendicular muscles?

A
  • Pectoralis major
  • Pectoralis minor
  • Subclavius
  • Serratus Anterior
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6
Q

What groove contains the cephalic vain?

A

Deltopectoral groove

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7
Q

What are the borders of the Clavipectoral (deltopectoral) triangle?

A

Superiorly - clavicle
Medially - pectoralis m.
Laterally - deltoid m.

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8
Q

What does the Clavipectoral (deltopectoral) triangle contain?

A
  • Cephalic v. piercing clavipectoral fascia and entering axillary v.
  • Tip of coracoid process laterally
  • Branches of thoracoacromial trunk
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9
Q

Pectoralis major

A

O: Calvicular head - anterior surface of medal 1/2 of clavicle. Sternal head - anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique m.
I: Lateral lip of IT groove of humerus
A: ADD, MR of humerus; independently: Clavicular head - flexes humerus. Sternal head - extends from flexed position.
N: Medial and lateral pectoral NN. (Clavicular head - C5, C6, Sternal head- C7, C8, T1)
B: pectoral branches of thoracoacromial trunk

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10
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

O: 3-5th ribs (sometimes 6th) near costal cartilages
I: medial border and superior surface coracoid process.
A: Stabilizes scapula by drawing it anterior and inferior against thoracic wall; accessory m. of inspiration.
N: Medial pectoral n. (C8, T1)
B: Pectoral branches from thoracoacromial trunk
*divides axillary into it’s 3 parts

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11
Q

Subclavius

A

O: Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
I: inferior surface, middle 1/3 of clavicle
A: Anchors and depresses clavicle
N: nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)
B: Clavicular branches of thoracoacromial trunk

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12
Q

Serratus anterior

A

O: Exertnal surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs (sometimes 9th)
I: Anterior surface of medal border of scapula
A: Scapular protraction and upward rotation; fixes scapula against thoracic wall
N: Long thoracic n (C5, C6, C7)
B: Superior and lateral thoracic aa.f

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13
Q

What are the arteries of the axioappendicular muscles and what do each supply?

A

-Superior thoracic a - from 1st part of axillary a. (supplies superior part of serratus anterior m.)
-Lateral thoracic a. - from 2nd part of axillary a.
(supplies serratus anterior m.)
-Thoracoacromial trunk - from 2nd part of axillary a. (gives of clavicular, acromial, deltoid and pectoral branches)

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14
Q

What is the veins of the axioappendicular muscles?

A

Cephalic v. :

  • formed on dorsum of hand
  • ascends in subcutaneous tissue
  • superiorly, found in deltopectoral groove
  • enters clavipectoral triangle
  • drains into terminal part of axillary v.
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15
Q

What innervates the axioappendicular muscles?

A
  • N. to subclavius: from superior trunk of brachial plexus (supplies subclavius m.)
  • Long thoracic n. : from VPR of C5, C6, C7 supplying the serratus anterior m.
  • Lateral pectoral n. - from lateral cord of brachial plexus, supplies pectorals major m. on its deep surface.
  • Medial pectoral n. - from medial cord of brachial plexus piercing pectorals minor m. and enters deep surface of pectorals major m. Supplies pectorals minor m. and sternal head of pectoralis major m.
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16
Q

What are the symptoms of an injury to the Long Thoracic n. (C5-C7)?

A

Effects:

  • medial border of the scapula moves laterally and posteriorly (“winged scapula”, away from thoracic wall, especially noticeable when hand is pressed against a wall)
  • upper limb may not be able to ABD above 90 degrees (not enough rotation of glenoid cavity superiorly, even with trapezius m.)
  • no sensory loss would be noted