pectinate line

Question 1

other word for pectinate line?

Answer 1

dentate line

Question 2

other word for dentate line?

Answer 2

pectinate

Question 3

at what embryological point is pectinate line formed?

Answer 3

where endoderm (hindgut) meets ectoderm

Question 4

what pathologies above pectinate line?

Answer 4

internal hemorrhoids, adenocarcinoma

Question 5

where do internal hemorrhoids and adenocarcinoma form, above or below pectinate line?

Answer 5

above

Question 6

hemorrhoids: what are these?

Answer 6

abnormal distension of anal venous plexus

Question 7

hemorrhoids: risk factors?

Answer 7

older age, chronic constipation

Question 8

abnormal distension of anal venous plexus

what is this?

Answer 8

hemorrhoids

Question 9

are internal hemorrhoids painful?

Answer 9

no

Question 10

why are internal hemorrhoids not painful?

Answer 10

they receive visceral innervation

Question 11

pathologies below pectinate line?

Answer 11

external hemorrhoids, anal fissures, squamous cell carcinoma

Question 12

external hemorrhoids, anal fissures, squamous cell carcinoma

above or below pectinate line?

Answer 12

below

Question 13

are external hemorrhoids painful?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

why are external hemorrhoids painful?

Answer 14

receive somatic innervation

inferior rectal branch of pudendal nerve

Question 15

Anal: what is this?

Answer 15

tear in anoderm below pectinate line

Question 16

anal fissure: symptoms?

Answer 16

pain while pooping, blood on toilet paper

Question 17

pain while pooping, blood on toilet paper

suggestive of?

Answer 17

anal fissures

Question 18

what part of the anus are anal fissures the most common?

Answer 18

posterior midline

Question 19

why are anal fissure most common on the posterior midline?

Answer 19

poorly perfused

Question 20

what are anal fissures associated with?

Answer 20

low-fiber diets and constipation

Question 21

what is the most common pathology on the posterior midline?

Answer 21

anal fissures

Question 22

Above pectinate line: nerves?

Answer 22

visceral
inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 23

inferior hypogastric plexus: above or below pectinate line?

Answer 23

above

Question 24

inferior hypogastric plexus: vertebra levels?

Answer 24

T12-L3

Question 25

Above pectinate line: arteries?

Answer 25

superior rectal artery (branch of IMA)

Question 26

superior rectal artery: branch of what?

Answer 26

IMA

Question 27

superior rectal artery: below or above pectinate line?

Answer 27

above

Question 28

above pectinate line: vein drainage?

Answer 28

superior rectal vein -> IMV -> splenic vein -> portal vein

Question 29

above pectinate line: lymphatics drain where?

Answer 29

internal iliac lymph node

Question 30

iternal iliac lymph node: drains lymph from above or below pectinate line?

Answer 30

above

Question 31

superior rectal vein -> IMV -> splenic vein -> portal vein drainage from above or below pectinate line?

Answer 31

above

Question 32

below pectinate line: nerves?

Answer 32

somatic pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

Question 33

pudendal nerve: vertrebrae levels

Answer 33

S2-S4

Question 34

below pectinate line: artery?

Answer 34

inferior rectal artery (branch of internal pudendal artery)

Question 35

inferior rectal artery: branch of what?

Answer 35

internal pudendal artery

Question 36

below pectinate line: vein drainage?

Answer 36

inferior rectal vein -> internal pudendal -> internal iliac -> common iliac -> IVC

Question 37

inferior rectal vein -> internal pudendal -> internal iliac -> common iliac -> IVC drainage from above or below pectinate line?

Answer 37

below

Question 38

below pectinate line: drainage lymph?

Answer 38

to superficial inguinal lymph node

Question 39

superficial inguinal lymph node drainage from above or below pectinate line?

Answer 39

below