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digestive tract histology Flashcards

1
Q

esophagus: epithelia type?

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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2
Q

esophagus: upper 1/3 exists of?

A

striated muscle

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3
Q

esophagus: middle and lower 1/3 exists of?

A

smooth muscle

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4
Q

where in the esophagus striated muscle?

A

upper 1/3

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5
Q

where in the esophagus smooth muscle?

A

lower 1/3

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6
Q

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

which part of digestive tract?

A

esophagus

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7
Q

stomach: wat color are parietal cells in histology?

A

pink (eosinophilic)

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8
Q

stomach: what color are chief cells in histology?

A

dark purple red (basophilic)

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9
Q

stomach: what type of exocrine cells?

A

parietal cells: secrete gastic acid
chief cells: secrete pepsinogen (inactive form; cleaves proteins)

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10
Q

parietal cells: role?

A

secrete gastric acid

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11
Q

which cells in stomach secrete gastric acid?

A

parietal cells

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12
Q

chief cells: role?

A

secrete pepsinogen

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13
Q

which cells in stomach secrete pepsinogen?

A

chief cells

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14
Q

chief cells: where in stomach?

A

at the base of glands
in fundus and corpus

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15
Q

what does pepsinogen do?

A

inactive form of pepsin

digests proteins

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16
Q

what does the duodenum have to increase the absorptive surface?

A

villi and microvilli

plicae circulares

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17
Q

villi and microvilli: role?

A

increase absorptive surface

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18
Q

what kind of glands in duodenum?

A

Brunner glands

secrete bicarbonate

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19
Q

what do Brunner glands do?

A

secretes bicarbonate

protects the mucosa from acidic stomach contents

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20
Q

where are the Brunner glands located?

A

in the submucosa of the duodenum

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21
Q

what kind of crypts in duodenum?

A

crypts of Lieberkuhn

22
Q

what is the role of the crypts of Lieberkuhn?

A

contain stem cells

replace enterocytes, goblet cells, Paneth cells

23
Q

what do Paneth cells secrete?

A

antimicrobial compounds: defensins, lysozyme, TNF

24
Q

which cells in the duodenum secrete antimicrobial compounds?

A

Paneth cells

25
Q

which cells in the duodenum play a role in the innate immune system?

A

Paneth cells

26
Q

what can you find in the distal duodenum? (anatomically)

A

plicae circulares

27
Q

plicae circulares: where in duodenum?

A

distal duodenum

everywhere in digestive tract except in first portion of the digestive tract

28
Q

plicae circulares: function?

A

increase surface area

spiral/circular folds in the digestive tract

29
Q

jejunum: histology?

A

villi, crypts of Lieberkuhn

30
Q

what kind of crypts in jejunum?

A

lieberkuhn

31
Q

how are the plicae circulares different in the jejenum compared to the ileum?

A

more numerous and taller (more prominent)

32
Q

where are plicae circulares more prominent?

A

jejunum

33
Q

jejunum: appearance on CT with oral contrast?

A

feathered

34
Q

which part of the gut has a feathered appearance on CT with oral contrast?

A

jejunum

35
Q

duodenum: histology?

A

villi and microvilli, Brunner glands, crypts of lieberkuhn, plicae circulares

36
Q

ileum: histology?

A

villi, Peyer patches, crypts of lieberkuhn, plicae circulares

largest number of goblet cells

37
Q

goblet cells: role?

A

secrete mucus

38
Q

where are the largest number of goblet cells in the gut?

A

ileum

39
Q

where can you find crypts of lieberkuhn?

A

between villi of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ilieum)

also in colon

40
Q

where can you find villi (and microvilli) in the gut?

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

not in colon

41
Q

where are Peyer patches?

A

ileum

42
Q

what are Peyer patches?

A

submucosal lymphoid follicles

contain M cells

43
Q

Role of M cells in Peyer patches?

A

transport antigens to underlying lymphoid follicles -> start immune response

44
Q

villi, peyer patches, plicae circulares, crypts of lieberkuhn.

where?

A

ileum

45
Q

villi, crypts of lieberkuhn, prominent plicae circulares

where?

A

jejunum

46
Q

villi, Bunner glands, crypts of lieberkuhn, plicae circulares

where?

A

duodenum

47
Q

colon: are there villi?

A

no

48
Q

colon: histology?

A

crypts of lieberkuhn, abundant goblet cells
no villi

49
Q

where are goblet cells abundant?

A

colon

50
Q

which part of the intestine has no villi?

A

colon

GI (14 decks)

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