abdominal aorta and branches

Question 1

arteries supplying GI structures are single or double?

Answer 1

single

Question 2

arteries supplying GI structures branch anteriorly of superiorly?

Answer 2

anteriorly

Question 3

single, anteriorly branched artery

supplies GI structure or non-GI structure?

Answer 3

GI structure

Question 4

artery suppling non-GI: paired or single?

Answer 4

paired

Question 5

artery suppling non-GI: branch anteriorly, laterally and/or posteriorly?

Answer 5

laterally and posteriorly

Question 6

what are the watershed regions of the colon?

Answer 6

• splenic flexure
• rectosigmoid colon

Question 7

which arteries supply the splenic flexure?

Answer 7

SMA and IMA

Question 8

which arteries supply the rectosigmoid colon?

Answer 8

last sigmoid branch from the IMA
superior rectal artery

Question 9

SMA is short for?

Answer 9

superior mesenteric artery

Question 10

IMA is short for?

Answer 10

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 11

celiac artery supplies what?

Answer 11

esophagus, stomach, liver
duodenum till ampulla of Vater

(foregut)

Question 12

SMA supplies what?

Answer 12

lower duodenum (after ampulla of Vater), jejunum, ileum, proximal 2/3 of colon

(midgut)

Question 13

IMA supplies what?

Answer 13

distal 1/3 colon, sigmoid, rectum, anal canal till pectinate line

(hindgut)

Question 14

what is the nutcracker syndrome?

Answer 14

compression of left renal vein between SMA and aorta

Question 15

compression of left renal vein between SMA and aorta

what is this called?

Answer 15

nutcracker syndrome

Question 16

nutcracker syndrome: symptoms?

Answer 16

abdominal/flank pain, gross hematuria, left sided varicocele

Question 17

what is varicocele ?

Answer 17

enlarged veins scrotum

Question 18

what causes gross hematuria in nutcracker syndrome?

Answer 18

rupture of thin walled renal varicosities

Question 19

what are varicosities?

Answer 19

twisted, enlarged veins

Question 20

twisted, enlarged veins

what are these called?

Answer 20

varicosities

Question 21

what are the 3 major anterior arteries branching of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 21

celiac, SMA, IMA

Question 22

lateral (important) branches of abdominal aorta from top down?

Answer 22

inferior phrenic
middle suprarenal
renal
gonadal

Question 23

inferior phrenic branch supplies what?

Answer 23

diaphragm

Question 24

middle suprarenal branch supplies what?

Answer 24

adrenal gland

Question 25

superior suprarenal branch of what?

Answer 25

inferior phrenic

Question 26

inferior phrenic branches into what?

Answer 26

superior suprarenal

Question 27

inferior suprarenal branch of what?

Answer 27

renal

Question 28

renal artery branches into what?

Answer 28

inferior suprarenal

Question 29

vertebra level: celiac?

Answer 29

T12

Question 30

vertebra level: SMA?

Answer 30

L1

Question 31

vertebra level: IMA?

Answer 31

L3

Question 32

vertebra level: inferior phrenic?

Answer 32

T12

Question 33

vertebra level: middle suprarenal?

Answer 33

L1

Question 34

vertebra level: renal?

Answer 34

between L1 and L2

Question 35

vertebra level: gonadal?

Answer 35

L2

Question 36

vertebra level: biforcation?

Answer 36

L4 (biFOURcation)

Question 37

what does the biforcation of the abdominal aorta split into?

Answer 37

left and right common iliac artery

Question 38

what do the common iliac arteries split into?

Answer 38

external and internal iliac arteries

Question 39

what artery splits of the middle of the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 39

median sacral artery

Question 40

SMA syndrome: what is it?

Answer 40

SMA and aorta compress duodenum

Question 41

which part of the duodenum gets compressed in SMA syndrome?

Answer 41

transverse (third) portion

Question 42

what kind of symptoms SMA syndrome?

Answer 42

intermittent intestinal obstruction symptoms (abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal distension) mostly postprandial pain

Question 43

which organ is obstructed in SMA syndrome?

Answer 43

duodenum

Question 44

SMA and aorta compress duodenum what is this?

Answer 44

SMA syndrome

Question 45

among which conditions does SMA syndrome usually occur?

Answer 45

diminished mesenteric fat e.g. malnutrition