PEAT Exam 1 Review Flashcards
Chronic venous insufficiency will result in what kind of characteristic of the calf
bottle neck appearance.
what kind of compensation at the trunk will help with LE advancement in the gait cycle
a backwards lean
are the hip extensors in more or less demand when the person has a forward trunk lean
a backward trunk lean is less of a demand, whereas a forward trunk lean is more of a demand.
Leukocytosis is ____, and is characterized by a WBC count of
high WBC count due to infection or leukemia
over the normal, so around 11,000-15,000 (normal is 4500-11000)
what is immunosuppression
WBC count that is too low, so something less than 4,000.
what is normal WBC count
4500-11000
Where does the liver refer to
the right shoulder, with things like bruising, palmar erythema and confusion
where will the pancreas refer to
the left shoulder
where will the kidney refer to
the posterior subcostal area with changes in urination and such
What kind of high volt is used for an infected vs a non infected wound
high volt uses a polar current, meaning a (=) and a (-). A positive electrode in the wound is used for clean wounds, because it attracts macrophages and epidermal cells. The negative part in the wound would attract neutrophils, so you would want to use a (-) current for the infected wounds.
in an ACL patient, what criteria must be met to return to sports if there is still laxity in the ACL
you must be able to jump and land with stability in the knee.
which if the following is not considered a restraint in a nursing home seat belt WC bed rails incline chair electronic device to monitor movement
electronic device
where is Herpes Zoster usually found
along the T11-T12 dermatome, where the rash runs down along the iliac crest. This is also usually painful and burning and has a post surgical onset.
what is the purpose of a transparent film
friction reduction
what is the purpose of a foam dressing
the foam is used to absorb and it is occlusive, so it promotes a moist wound healing environment.
what is alginate good for
this will help with hemostasis and is good for infected wounds
is hydrocolloid good for infected wounds
no because it is the most occlusive
rate pressure product reflects
myocardial oxygen demand
what does capillary refill show
arterial skin perfusion
ulse pressure reflects
the pressure for blood to fill tissues and organs (difference between systolic and diastolic)
ABI over 1.1 is indicative of
arterial calcification, usually seen in people with diabetes.
what is SCFE
slipped capital femoral epiphysis, usually in 10-16 y/o. This will result in leg length issues, IR limitation in the hips with pain, and pain with anterior impingement tests in the groin. There will also be knee pain.
what is the anterior impingement test of the hip
flexion of the hip to 80-90 degrees with IR and ADD, will reproduce groin pain if SCFE present
what is the FABER test for
lumbar, SI or posterior hip capsule dysfunction.
compare and contrast left vs right sided HF
left ventricular HF will cause a backup into the pulmonary system, which will cause breathing problems, pallor, cyanosis, coughing
right HF will result in a back up to the systemic system, which will result in bilateral edema (pedal) and JVD and ascites.
differentiate a right vs left sided brain injury signs and symptoms
left: difficulty with speech and language, difficulty with planning and sequencing and cautious behavior
right: spatial impairments, difficulty sustaining movements, and impulsive behaviors.
How does gait change with a maturing child? what happens to velocity, cadence, single limb stance time and step length
velocity: increase
cadence: decreases
single limb stance: increases
step length: increases
what runs in the tarsal tunnel
Posterior tibialis tendon flexor digitorum longus posterior tibial artery and vein tibial nerve flexor hallucis longus
differentiate between OA and RA onsets in an individual
OA will be usually unilateral and asymmetrical early on, and will not affect multiple joints. RA will start in the wrists and hands, is usually symmetrical. RA you will also get things like fatigue and weakness too.
what is Reiter’s disease/arthritis
this is an inflammatory arthritis that affects joints typically after an infection. This is also going to be asymmetric.
prone with legs elevated 18 inches will drain the
lower lobes
supine with legs elevated 12 inches will drain the
right middle lobe
supine with legs elevated 18 inches will drain the
anterior segments
sidling on the left with legs elevated 18 inches will drain the
right lateral segments
a spodylolisthesis results in the forward displacement of a vertebrate upon the stationary vertebrate (above/below) it
below
what does the speeds test look for
a SLAP tear, or dysfunction of the labrum. This is when the palm is up and the arm is raised against a force into shoulder flexion, resulting in a deep shoulder pain.
when should AROM and isotonic strengthening of the RTC occur
6-8 weeks post op with a large tear.
describe what an arterial ulcer might look like
dry, round/clear defined edges, deep, regularly shaped
which can you use compression on; venous insufficiency or PAD
venous. PAD is contraindicated for a compression wrap
if someone has a (+) Stemmer sign, can you do compression
yes, this is likely a lymphedema case and would benefit from such wrapping.
what is a systemic literature review
looking at various literature sources and finding those with similar characteristics to form a general conclusion,
are recliners or tilt in space better to reduce shear forces on ischial tuberosities if friction injuries are a concern
tilt is better. The recliners can result in friction when returning to an upright position.
what happens with too much adrenocorticotropic hormone
Cushing’s disease, which is characterized by HTN, metal changes, hair growth and weight gain
what happens with too much thyroid stimulating hormone,
overactive thyroid which will cause an increase in body metabolism, thus creating increased tachy, fatigue, decreased weight, atrophy and heat intolerance
what happens if there is too much insulin
hypoglycemic events in the blood that cause things like pallor, sweating, weakness, shaky, blurred vision
what happens with too much epinephrine
fight or flight, increased sympathetic, increased BP and HR and hyperglycemia to run away quicker.
for someone with a lateral ankle sprain, grade 2, when can you begin cycling and GN/soleus stretching
4-14 days in the subacute phase
what should you do right away with a grade 2 lateral ankle sprain for ROM and pain modulation
posterior talo-crural joint mobs.
describe what mobilization directions would need to be utilized for a limitation in all of the following hip movements
IR, ER, AD, ADD
IR: posterior glide
ER: anterior glide
ABD: inferior glide
ADD: superior glide.
describe characteristics of clubfoot
the ankles are in equinus, the forefoot is in adduction and the hindfoot is in varus
what is metatarsus adductus and how does it look
the forefoot is in varus and the hindfoot is in valgus
what is calcaneovalgus
the forefoot is curved out laterally and the hindfoot is in valgus, this is usually when the foot is in extreme DF.
below what range and over what range is it unsafe or advised against exercise for a patient with diabetes
below 100 or above 250.
what is the best exercise prescription advice to give
be consistent and exercise at the same time each day.
should diabetics exercise at peak insulin times
no they should not
