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NPTE > PEAT Exam 1 Review > Flashcards

PEAT Exam 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic venous insufficiency will result in what kind of characteristic of the calf

A

bottle neck appearance.

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2
Q

what kind of compensation at the trunk will help with LE advancement in the gait cycle

A

a backwards lean

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3
Q

are the hip extensors in more or less demand when the person has a forward trunk lean

A

a backward trunk lean is less of a demand, whereas a forward trunk lean is more of a demand.

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4
Q

Leukocytosis is ____, and is characterized by a WBC count of

A

high WBC count due to infection or leukemia

over the normal, so around 11,000-15,000 (normal is 4500-11000)

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5
Q

what is immunosuppression

A

WBC count that is too low, so something less than 4,000.

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6
Q

what is normal WBC count

A

4500-11000

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7
Q

Where does the liver refer to

A

the right shoulder, with things like bruising, palmar erythema and confusion

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8
Q

where will the pancreas refer to

A

the left shoulder

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9
Q

where will the kidney refer to

A

the posterior subcostal area with changes in urination and such

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10
Q

What kind of high volt is used for an infected vs a non infected wound

A

high volt uses a polar current, meaning a (=) and a (-). A positive electrode in the wound is used for clean wounds, because it attracts macrophages and epidermal cells. The negative part in the wound would attract neutrophils, so you would want to use a (-) current for the infected wounds.

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11
Q

in an ACL patient, what criteria must be met to return to sports if there is still laxity in the ACL

A

you must be able to jump and land with stability in the knee.

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12
Q 
which if the following is not considered a restraint in a nursing home 
seat belt WC
bed rails
incline chair 
electronic device to monitor movement
A

electronic device

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13
Q

where is Herpes Zoster usually found

A

along the T11-T12 dermatome, where the rash runs down along the iliac crest. This is also usually painful and burning and has a post surgical onset.

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14
Q

what is the purpose of a transparent film

A

friction reduction

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15
Q

what is the purpose of a foam dressing

A

the foam is used to absorb and it is occlusive, so it promotes a moist wound healing environment.

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16
Q

what is alginate good for

A

this will help with hemostasis and is good for infected wounds

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17
Q

is hydrocolloid good for infected wounds

A

no because it is the most occlusive

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18
Q

rate pressure product reflects

A

myocardial oxygen demand

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19
Q

what does capillary refill show

A

arterial skin perfusion

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20
Q

ulse pressure reflects

A

the pressure for blood to fill tissues and organs (difference between systolic and diastolic)

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21
Q

ABI over 1.1 is indicative of

A

arterial calcification, usually seen in people with diabetes.

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22
Q

what is SCFE

A

slipped capital femoral epiphysis, usually in 10-16 y/o. This will result in leg length issues, IR limitation in the hips with pain, and pain with anterior impingement tests in the groin. There will also be knee pain.

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23
Q

what is the anterior impingement test of the hip

A

flexion of the hip to 80-90 degrees with IR and ADD, will reproduce groin pain if SCFE present

24
Q

what is the FABER test for

A

lumbar, SI or posterior hip capsule dysfunction.

25
Q

compare and contrast left vs right sided HF

A

left ventricular HF will cause a backup into the pulmonary system, which will cause breathing problems, pallor, cyanosis, coughing
right HF will result in a back up to the systemic system, which will result in bilateral edema (pedal) and JVD and ascites.

26
Q

differentiate a right vs left sided brain injury signs and symptoms

A

left: difficulty with speech and language, difficulty with planning and sequencing and cautious behavior
right: spatial impairments, difficulty sustaining movements, and impulsive behaviors.

27
Q

How does gait change with a maturing child? what happens to velocity, cadence, single limb stance time and step length

A

velocity: increase
cadence: decreases
single limb stance: increases
step length: increases

28
Q

what runs in the tarsal tunnel

A 
Posterior tibialis tendon 
flexor digitorum longus 
posterior tibial artery and vein 
tibial nerve 
flexor hallucis longus
29
Q

differentiate between OA and RA onsets in an individual

A

OA will be usually unilateral and asymmetrical early on, and will not affect multiple joints. RA will start in the wrists and hands, is usually symmetrical. RA you will also get things like fatigue and weakness too.

30
Q

what is Reiter’s disease/arthritis

A

this is an inflammatory arthritis that affects joints typically after an infection. This is also going to be asymmetric.

31
Q

prone with legs elevated 18 inches will drain the

A

lower lobes

32
Q

supine with legs elevated 12 inches will drain the

A

right middle lobe

33
Q

supine with legs elevated 18 inches will drain the

A

anterior segments

34
Q

sidling on the left with legs elevated 18 inches will drain the

A

right lateral segments

35
Q

a spodylolisthesis results in the forward displacement of a vertebrate upon the stationary vertebrate (above/below) it

A

below

36
Q

what does the speeds test look for

A

a SLAP tear, or dysfunction of the labrum. This is when the palm is up and the arm is raised against a force into shoulder flexion, resulting in a deep shoulder pain.

37
Q

when should AROM and isotonic strengthening of the RTC occur

A

6-8 weeks post op with a large tear.

38
Q

describe what an arterial ulcer might look like

A

dry, round/clear defined edges, deep, regularly shaped

39
Q

which can you use compression on; venous insufficiency or PAD

A

venous. PAD is contraindicated for a compression wrap

40
Q

if someone has a (+) Stemmer sign, can you do compression

A

yes, this is likely a lymphedema case and would benefit from such wrapping.

41
Q

what is a systemic literature review

A

looking at various literature sources and finding those with similar characteristics to form a general conclusion,

42
Q

are recliners or tilt in space better to reduce shear forces on ischial tuberosities if friction injuries are a concern

A

tilt is better. The recliners can result in friction when returning to an upright position.

43
Q

what happens with too much adrenocorticotropic hormone

A

Cushing’s disease, which is characterized by HTN, metal changes, hair growth and weight gain

44
Q

what happens with too much thyroid stimulating hormone,

A

overactive thyroid which will cause an increase in body metabolism, thus creating increased tachy, fatigue, decreased weight, atrophy and heat intolerance

45
Q

what happens if there is too much insulin

A

hypoglycemic events in the blood that cause things like pallor, sweating, weakness, shaky, blurred vision

46
Q

what happens with too much epinephrine

A

fight or flight, increased sympathetic, increased BP and HR and hyperglycemia to run away quicker.

47
Q

for someone with a lateral ankle sprain, grade 2, when can you begin cycling and GN/soleus stretching

A

4-14 days in the subacute phase

48
Q

what should you do right away with a grade 2 lateral ankle sprain for ROM and pain modulation

A

posterior talo-crural joint mobs.

49
Q

describe what mobilization directions would need to be utilized for a limitation in all of the following hip movements
IR, ER, AD, ADD

A

IR: posterior glide
ER: anterior glide
ABD: inferior glide
ADD: superior glide.

50
Q

describe characteristics of clubfoot

A

the ankles are in equinus, the forefoot is in adduction and the hindfoot is in varus

51
Q

what is metatarsus adductus and how does it look

A

the forefoot is in varus and the hindfoot is in valgus

52
Q

what is calcaneovalgus

A

the forefoot is curved out laterally and the hindfoot is in valgus, this is usually when the foot is in extreme DF.

53
Q

below what range and over what range is it unsafe or advised against exercise for a patient with diabetes

A

below 100 or above 250.

54
Q

what is the best exercise prescription advice to give

A

be consistent and exercise at the same time each day.

55
Q

should diabetics exercise at peak insulin times

A

no they should not

NPTE (12 decks)

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