GI/GU Flashcards
How do you treat diastesis recti
with strengthening
in what order do you provide manual massage for intestinal gas pain?
you start on the bottom right quadrant, then go up and across and then down. This goes through the ascending, transverse and descending colon
where does liver pain refer
right shoulder
where does the pancreas refer
the left shoulder
kidney referes to
posterior thoracic wall, subcostal region.
what should be avoided in people who have a hiatal hernia
supine
Valsalva maneuver
with duodenal ulcers, when do you start experiencing pain
1-3 hour after eating
what are some signs of bleeding in the GI system
coffee ground like vomit, Melena (dark/tarry stools)
S&S gastritis
gastric pain and loss of appetite. No signs and symptoms of bleeding.
what has left lower quadrant pain and what has right lower quadrant pain? choices are IBS and peptic ulcer
IBS is left quadrant pain.
Peptic ulcer is right quadrant pain.
how do people with hyperbilirubinemia present and what is it.
jaundice or yellowing of the eye sclera and in more advanced cases
there is an increased excretion of bilirubin by the kidneys, so the urine is typically darker. this condition means there is more bilirubin in the blood, and less in the gut (because the liver is not pulling it out as much) so the stool will become lighter in color.
how can you differentiate between jaundice from the liver and jaundice from extra hepatic causes
the color of the stool (light) would be hyperbilirubinemia and therefore extra-hepatic in origin.
pronator drift is indicative of
UMN lesion
what is Hoffman sign associated with (injury to where)
corticospinal tract
what is Asterixis
liver flap, that is associated with liver disease. The flapping of the hands when they are further thrust into extension. sign of liver pathology.
renal calculi will cause pain in which structure of the urinary system when it is causing a blockage?
the ureter. it will try to contract to unblock it.
what is stress incontinence
release of urine when there is increase in intra-abdominal pressure, (cough, laugh, running) weakness in the muscles (pregnant, menopause, peudendal nerve damage.
what is urge incontinence
hypersensitive bladder. The bladder thinks it is full, and a signal to pee is initiated, usually cannot make it to the restroom. The detruser muscle is hyper reflexive.
what is overflow incontinence
bladder leaks because overfilled. May not void fully each time. obstruction, prostate too big, acontractile bladder (SCI, DM), neurogenic bladder (MS, supra sacral spinal lesions)
functional incontinence
inability to unwillingness to use the restroom. Maybe an injury, impaired cognition, depression, ALZHEIMER’S, enviro barriers
what muscles give active compression to the urethra which inevitably prevent incontinence
pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus, and puborectalis
with cauna equina, since it is a complete lesion, how can you treat incontinence and bladder function
catheter. The bladder still has tone, but compliance is bad, so the catheter will help it not overflow.
what is the normal number of times someone should urinate in a day, when should you refer out
6-8 is normal
refer out over 8
Urinary continence in women is maintained primarily by…
urethral sphincter
what are the 3 components of a bladder retraining program
patient education on urgency suppression strategies
voiding regimine
positive reinforcement by therapist. (voiding diary)
what is a major cause of increased albumin in the blood
dehydration
what is common after abdominal surgery
pulmonary and respiratory problems
PT after abdominal surgery should focus on
gait and endurance training
increased Out of bed activities
PT can not make recommendations on medications or dosage
true
if there is blood in the vomit ,there is usually bleeding in the
esophagus
if the vomit looks like coffee grounds, what can a possible diagnosis be
gastritis, gastric ulcer, esophagus cancer.
what is the difference between red stools and dark/tarry stools
red, lower GI colon bleeding
dark and tarry upper GI tract bleeding
differentiate between the types of Hepatitis
Hep A: HAV is from fecal oral route, with poor hygiene and poor hand washing for contaminated foods.
Hep B: associated with sex and oral sex because transmission of blood, body fluids, tissues. Need to make sure you clean needles, screen blood donors, things like that .
Hep C: from blood donors or from blood sharing (dirty needles)
Hep D: liver failure. usually if you have had Hep B.
what are the differences between cholelithiasis and cholecystitis
Cholecystitis is when there is partial or complete blockage of the common bile duct.
Cholelithiasis is gallstones, that may block the common bile duct.
greasy stools are indicative of
pancreatitis, chronic
what is hoarseness of the voice usually associated with
GERD because of the acids on the vocal cords.
Prilosec is a ___ kind of drug
PPI
Zantac is what kind of drug
H2 blockers
what is Steatorrhea
increased fat in the stool caused by malabsorption syndrome
