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EHAPC > PE Sustainability > Flashcards

PE Sustainability Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most commonly used definition of sustainable development?

A

Bruntland report - sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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2
Q

What are the key concepts of sustainable development?

A

Needs - particular the essential needs of the world’s poor, to which overring priority should be given

Limitations - imposed by state of technology and social organisation on the environment’s ability to meet present and future needs

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3
Q

What are the triple bottom line principles?

A

Economic
Social
Environmental

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4
Q

When did the UN introduce the first convention on climate change?

A

1992

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5
Q

What is the Kyoto Protocol and when was it agreed?

A

1997 - target for 37 countries to reduce emissions by average 5% below 1990 for period 2008-2012

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6
Q

What did the UK agree to as part of the Kyoto protocol?

A

12.5% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions

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7
Q

Was the Kyoto protocol successful?

A

Emissions overall reduced by 10% but not enough to offset increasing emissions from other industrialising countries so total global emissions grew

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8
Q

What happened after 2012?

A

Second Kyoto commitment period 2013-2020 - fewer countries signed up, although UK and EU are

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9
Q

What is the latest agreement on CC?

A

Paris Agreement 2015

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10
Q

What is the aim of the Paris agreement?

A

To hold increase in global average temperature to 2c below pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit warming to 1.5c

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11
Q

What are the EU’s current climate change targets?

A

20:20:20 for 2020 targets and larger reductions for 2030, climate-neutral by 2050

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12
Q

What is COP26?

A

A conference to bring parties together to accelerate action towards the goals of the Paris Agreement and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change

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13
Q

What UK legislation was enacted as a result of the Paris Agreement?

A

Climate Change Act 2008

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14
Q

What is the key target of the Climate Change Act?

A

Originally to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80% of 1990 levels by 2050, but now the commitment to be ‘carbon neutral’ by 2050

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15
Q

How will the Climate Change Act be pursued?

A

Legally binding carbon budgets (cap on greenhouse gases emitted in UK over 5 year period), set as least 12 years in advance to allow for preparation

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16
Q

Did the Infrastructure Act 2015 introduce any climate change initatives?

A

Committee on Climate Change have a duty to advise UK Government on implications of expoliting onshore petroleum including shale gas to meet UK Carbon budgets

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17
Q

What is the renewable heat incentive and under hat act was it introduced?

A

Energy Act 2011 - 20 year subsidy paid to non-domestic renewable heat generators

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18
Q

What legislation led to the introduction of EPCs?

A

EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive and UK Energy Performance of Buildings Regulations

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19
Q

When is an EPC required?

A

When a building is built, sold or rented

20
Q

What does an EPC include?

A

Energy Rating (A-G)
Energy Use
Typical energy costs
Recommendations about how to reduce consumption

21
Q

Can you charge prospective tenants or buyers for a copy of an EPC?

A

Commercial premises > 500 sq m frequently visited by the public

22
Q

How long is an EPC valid for?

A

10 years

23
Q

When is an EPC not required?

A
  • Place of worship
  • Temporary buildings (< 2 years)
  • Stand alone building with total useful floor space <50 sq m
  • Industrial sites, work-shops and non-resi agricultural buildings with low energy use
  • Some buildings due to be demolished
  • Holiday accommodation rented out for less than 4 months per year or let under a licence to occupy
  • Listed buildings
  • Residential buildings used less than 4 months per year
24
Q

Where would you source an EPC from that already exists?

A

Public register
Ask the seller/lessor

25
Q

What are the penalties for not having a valid EPC

A
  • Failure to provide to a prospective buyer/tenant - fine of 12.5% of rateable value, capped at £5,000 with a default penalty of £750 where formula can’t be applied

£200 fine for failure for provide EPC to enforcement authority within 7 days

26
Q

When do you need a DEC & how long is it valid for?

A

Public buildings over 250 sq m occupied by public authority and frequently visited by the public

10 years if over 250 sq m, must be renewed annually if over 1,000 sq m (although advisory report is valid for 7 years)

27
Q

What does MEES stand for?

A

Minimum Energy Efficiency Standard

28
Q

What are the implications of MEES?

A

Can’t grant new lease/renewal lease of F&G rated property by 2018 or have existing leases of F&G rated property by 2023

29
Q

Do any buildings fall outside the scope of MEES?

A

EPC not required, e.g. a place of worship, low energy demand industrial sites or workshops, non-residential agricutlural buildings

EPC over 10 years old or not held

Tenancy under 6 months with no security of tenure

Tenancy over 99 years

30
Q

Are there any exemptions from MEES?

A

Golden Rule - EPC rating not improved to E or above despite all improvements being made with payback of 7 years or less

Devaluation - improvements would reduce market value by over 5%

Third party consent by a tenant, superior landlord or planning authority refused or conditionality cannot be reasonably met by the landlord

31
Q

What is the maximum penalty for non-compliance wih MEES?

A

£150,000 per breach per property

32
Q

What does BREEAM stand for?

A

Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method

33
Q

What is BREEAM?

A

Voluntary scheme of environmental impact for non-domestic buildings, refurbishment and in-use

34
Q

What part of the Building Regulations relate to conservation of power and fuel?

A

L

35
Q

What is ESOS?

A

Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme - next qualification date is 2018

36
Q

What is CRC?

A

Carbon Reduction Commitment - it was closed after the 2018/2019 compliance year

37
Q

What is CSR?

A

Corporate Social Responsibility - taking into account social, environment and economic aspects to underpin value and performance

38
Q

What is an EMS?

A

Environmental Management System e.g. ISO 14001:2015 - standards to management environmental responsiblities

39
Q

What guidance do RICS provide on sustainability and property valuation?

A

Guidance note sustainability and commercial property valuation (2nd edition)

40
Q

Should valuers reflect sustainability characteristics in valuations?

A

Yes - to extent that informed and well-advised purchaser would account for them

41
Q

What method could you use to compare a sustainable v non-sustainable building in a valuation?

A

DCF

42
Q

What is a green lease?

A

Mutual obligations on landlord and tenant to achieve sustainability goals

43
Q

What is a memorandum of understanding?

A

Way of agreeing shared goals/benefits, who pays and who benefits in relation to sustainability clauses

44
Q

What does RICS SKA assess?

A

Fit out

45
Q

When was the Code for Sustainable Homes last updated?

A

Abolished in 2014

46
Q

What is not one of the UN Sustainable Development Goals?

A

Green buildings

47
Q

What does Approved Document S relate to?

A

Installation and charge point requirements for electric vehicles

EHAPC (41 decks)

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