PE gcse revison (test 2)

Question 1

What is the pathway of air?

Answer 1

Mouth/Nasal passage, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli

Question 1

What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?

Answer 1

Contracts and flattens

Question 2

What happens to the diaphragm during expiration?

Answer 2

Relaxes and rises into a dome like shape

Question 3

What happens to the ribcage during inspiration?

Answer 3

Rise up and outwards

Question 4

What happens to the ribcage during expiration?

Answer 4

Lowers back down

Question 5

At rest, what intercoastal muscles pull the ribcage in and out at inspiration?

Answer 5

External Intercostal Muscles

Question 6

At rest, what intercoastal muscles allow the ribcage to lower back down at expiration?

Answer 6

Internal Intercostal Muscles

Question 7

During exercise, what muscles help the external intercoastal muscles at inspiration?

Answer 7

Pectorals and sternocleidomastoid

Question 8

During exercise, what muscles help the internal intercostal muscles at expiration?

Answer 8

Abdominals

Question 9

Where will air always travel to?

Answer 9

The area with the lowest amount of pressure

Question 10

During inhalation, what happens to the pressure inside the lungs?

Answer 10

The pressure inside the lungs is lower than the pressure outside

Question 11

What causes air to travel into the lungs?

Answer 11

The pressure gradient

Question 12

During exhalation, what happens to the pressure inside the lungs?

Answer 12

The pressure inside the lungs is higher than the pressure outside

Question 13

How much % of oxygen do we inspire and expire?

Answer 13

21% and 16%

Question 14

How much of CO2 do we inspire and expire?

Answer 14

0.04% and 4%

Question 15

How much Nitrogen do we inspire and expire?

Answer 15

78% and 78%

Question 16

Why do we release more CO2?

Answer 16

It is a waste product produced by our working muscles

Question 17

What is diffusion?

Answer 17

The movement of gases from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 18

Where does CO2 move from and to?

Answer 18

From the capillaries to the alveoli

Question 19

Where does O2 move from and to?

Answer 19

From the alveoli to the capillaries

Question 20

What are the supporting features of the alveoli?

Answer 20

Large surface area, Large capillary network, Large blood supply, Thin moist cell walls, Pressure gradient

Question 21

What does the alveoli having a large surface area mean?

Answer 21

There is a large volume of gases that can be exchanged

Question 22

What does the alveoli having a Large capillary network mean?

Answer 22

There is a larger area for gaseous exchange

Question 23

What does the alveoli having a large blood supply mean?

Answer 23

More O2 and CO2 can be transported to the lungs for gaseous exchange

Question 24

What does the alveoli having moist thin cell walls mean?

Answer 24

A short diffusion pathway for gaseous change is made

Question 25

What does the alveoli having a Pressure gradient mean?

Answer 25

Gases moving from high to low concentrations create a pressure gradient allowing diffusion to occour

Question 26

How much % of O2 do we use?

Answer 26

5%