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ECOS > PE > Flashcards

PE Flashcards

1
Q

Patellar reflex

A

L4 nerve root

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2
Q

Achilles reflex

A

S1 nerve root

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3
Q

L4 dermatome

A

anterior knee

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4
Q

L5 dermatome

A

big toe, anterior ankle and foot

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5
Q

S1 dermatome

A

pinky toe, lateral side of foot

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6
Q

Piriformis syndrome presentation

A

pain exacerbated by hip ER

+ log roll test
+ FAIR test

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7
Q

Log Roll Test

A

+ test = pain

posterior pain = piriformis syndrome
anterior/groin pain = intra-articular pathology
clicking = acetabular labral tear

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8
Q

FAIR Test

A

Flexion Adduction IR

+ test = pain in sciatic/gluteal area

Piriformis syndrome

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9
Q

Psoas syndrome presentation

A

Pain with standing

+ Thomas test
+ FABER test
- Log roll

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10
Q

Thomas Test

A

Pt supine with LEs hanging off table, pt grabs one knee and pulls it to chest

+ test = inability to fully extend leg or other leg raises off table

Psoas syndrome

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11
Q

FABER Test

A

Flexion ABduction, ER

+ test = pain

groin pain = intra-articular pathology

anterior pain = psoas syndrome

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12
Q

Jump Sign

A

press on greater trochanter

+ test = pt jumps or withdraws

Trochanteric bursitis

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13
Q

Ober Test

A

Pt lateral recumbent, top knee flexed, physician adducts top hip

+ test = pain at greater trochanter or inability to adduct

IT Band Syndrome

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14
Q

Inspection: “C Sign”

A

suggests hip joint pathology

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15
Q

Hip Labral Loading

A

+ test = pain

labral or cartilaginous pathology

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16
Q

Hip Labral Distraction

A

+ test = improvement in pain

labral or cartilaginous pathology

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17
Q

Scour Test

A

Pt supine, flex hip and knee, load into hip and then ER and IR

+ test = pain

labral or cartilaginous pathology

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18
Q

SLR

A

+ test = pain or resistance

*Resisted SLR = SCFE or femoral acetabular impingement

lateral leg pain at 15-30 = IT band

Neuro pain at 30-60 = sciatica, L4-S1 disc herniation

Pain after 70 degrees = muscle strain, hip pathology, hamstring tightness, SI joint pathology

19
Q

Fibular Head motion

A

Dorsiflexion/Pronation/Eversion = anterior FH movement

Plantarflexion/Supination/Inversion = posterior FH movement

20
Q

Valgus Test

A

+ test = laxity, absent endpoint, pain

MCL sprain or tear

21
Q

Varus Test

A

+ test = laxity, absent endpoint, pain

LCL sprain or tear

22
Q

Lachman’s Test

A

+ test = laxity, absent endpoint

ACL sprain or tear

23
Q

Anterior Drawer Test (knee)

A

+ test = laxity, absent endpoint

ACL sprain or tear

24
Q

Posterior Drawer Test (knee)

A

+ test = laxity, absent endpoint

PCL sprain or tear

25
Q

McMurray’s Test

A

Medial meniscus = ER + Valgus force then extension
Lateral meniscus = IR + Varus force then extension

+ test = click or pain during extension

26
Q

Apley’s Grind

A

Compression +test = pain with compression or rotation

Distraction +test = pain relief with distraction

27
Q

Bounce Home Test

A

Flex knee and drop it

+ test = failure to fully extend knee

meniscus injury, effusion or both

28
Q

Patella-Femoral Grind

A

+ test = crepitus or pain

chondromalacia patella

29
Q

X-ray

A

I want to look at a high density structure

fast, cheap and portible

first line test

30
Q

CT w/ Contrast

A

CT radiography with observation of blood vessels b/c IV iodine contrast

relatively affordable, fast (trauma), very useful 3D image

can cause kidney damage
relatively high risk of radiation

31
Q

MRI

A

Highest resolution image

no ionizing radiation

expensive
claustrophobic
cannot use if pt has metal implants

32
Q

Ultrasound

A

Cheap fast, portable, no ionizing rads

not able to visualize structures behind bone and bigger anechoic structures

33
Q

Talar Tilt Test

A

Inversion test of ankle

+ test = laxity, increased ROM, pain

anterior talofibular ligament or calcaneofibular ligament injury

34
Q

Anterior Drawer Test (ankle)

A

+ test = pain, no springing, laxity

ATF ligament injury

35
Q

Eversion test

A

+ test = laxity, increased ROM, pain

deltoid ligament injury

36
Q

Squeeze test

A

pain at syndesmosis

syndesmotic (high) ankle sprain

37
Q

Thompson Test

A

squeeze calf to test Achilles T.

+ test = absence of plantarflexion

achilles tendon rupture

38
Q

Homan’s sign

A

+ test = pain with dorsiflexion

DVT

39
Q

Tibiotalar joint movements

A

dorsiflexion with posterior glide

plantarflexion with anterior glide

40
Q

Subtalar joint motions

A

inversion with posterolateral glide

eversion with anteromedial glide

41
Q

Scoliosis at risk of serious pathology

A

Do adam’s forward bend test

ATR >7 degrees

Cobb >/= 10 degrees

42
Q

Scoliosis Red Flags

A

onset before 8

severe pain

rapid curve progression

left thoracic curve

neurological deficits

43
Q

Cauda Equina Syndrome

A

herniation impinges sacral nerves

immediate surgical intervention needed

44
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of disc due to infection

*can occur with or without fever

ECOS (8 decks)

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