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ECOS > Facts > Flashcards

Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Date AT Still flung the banner of osteopathy to the breeze

A

10 AM June 22, 1874

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2
Q

Year AT Still starts American School of Osteopathy

A

1892

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3
Q

Date AT Still used a rope swing to treat headache because father’s treatments were not effective

A

1839

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4
Q

Medicine before Osteopathy focused on

A

conquering disease by force

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5
Q

Lister

A

antiseptic surgery

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6
Q

John Snow

A

used epi in 1854 London cholera outbreak

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7
Q

Wilhelm Rontgen

A

x-ray dx in 1896

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8
Q

William Halstead

A

sterile rubber gloves for surg in 1890

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9
Q

Osteopathic Tenants

A
  • Body is a unit of mind, body and spirit
  • Body is capable of self regulation and healing
  • Structure and function are interrelated
  • Rational treatment is based on the above principles
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10
Q

Flexner Report

A

1910 report that was a harsh criticism of med school quality and brought about higher standards for med edu

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11
Q

1916-1917 Influenza Pandemic

A

Pts treated with osteopathy has much lower mortality rate (0.25% vs 10%)

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12
Q

CA referendum prohibits new licensure of DOs, many trade in for MDs

A

1961

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13
Q

CA court rules DO licensure must resume

A

1974, catalyzed DO practice rights in all 50 states

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14
Q

First DO in military

A

Harry J Walter, 1966

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15
Q

First female DO

A

Jeanette Boles

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16
Q

First female dean of a medical college

A

Barabra Ross-Lee

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17
Q

First minority AOA president

A

Marceliano Oliva (KCU Grad)

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18
Q

First state to license DOs

A

Vermont 1896

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19
Q

MO grants DO licensure

A

1897

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20
Q

KC College of Osteopathy and Surg opens

A

1916

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21
Q

NURSE acronym

A

expressing empathy to pts: name, understand respect, support, explore

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22
Q

Pt education should be written at

A

a 6th grade level

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23
Q

Subjective

A

Pts history: CC, HPI, ROS, PMH, PSH, Meds, Allergies, FH, SH

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24
Q

Objective

A

PE findings, labs, rads

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25
Q

Assessment

A

What I think is going on with the pt. not always a Dx

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26
Q

Plan

A

what we do about the problem

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27
Q

5 step approach to pt interview

A
  1. Introduction
  2. Get CC
  3. Open ended HPI questions
  4. More focused but still open ended questions for HPI
  5. Transition to clinician centered questions
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28
Q

Gloves to be worn when

A

there is blood or other body fluids present

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29
Q

Hand hygiene methods

A

soap and water; antiseptic handwash; alcohol based handrub; surgical hand hygiene

30
Q

Handwashing steps

A

wet, lather, scrub, rinse, dry

31
Q

BP cuff selection

A

length at least equal to 80% circumference of upper arm, width at least 40% length of upper arm

32
Q

How to take BP by ausculation

A
  • Select cuff
  • Wrap cuff 1 in above cubital fossa
  • Press bell (or diaphragm) over brachial a.
  • Rapidly inflate to 180mmHg or 30mmg above anticipated systolic, release at moderate rate
  • 1st sound (Korotkoff) is systolic, when sound disappears = diastolic
33
Q

Pulse Grading

A

0 absent
1+ diminished
2+ normal
3+ bounding

34
Q

Normal temp

A

97.8 - 99

35
Q

Skin Lesions (flat primary lesions)

A

Macule: flat and <1cm
Patch: flat and >1cm

36
Q

Skin Lesions (raised no fluid filled primary lesions)

A

Papule: raised <1cm not fluid filled
Plaque: raised >1cm not fluid filled

37
Q

Skin Lesions (raised fluid filled primary lesions)

A

Vesicle: raised <1cm fluid filled
Bulla: raised >1cm fluid filled

38
Q

Otoscope on <12mo child

A

pull ear down and back

39
Q

Otoscope on child>12mo or adult

A

pull ear up and back

40
Q

Reflex Grading

A 
0 absent
1 diminished
2 normal
3 brisker than average
4 very brisk, hyperactive with rhythmic oscillations
41
Q

Stance Phase summary

A
  • Heel strike: establish contact
  • Loading response: absorb ground reaction to weight
  • Mid stance to pre-swing: carry body weight forward
42
Q

Swing Phase Summary

A
  • Toe off, mid-swing, terminal swing

- Goal is to clear foot, advance LE, prepare LE for loading

43
Q

Ataxic gait

A

Neurologic, bilateral

Wide base with irregular steps (drunk or drain bamage)

44
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Neurologic, unilateral

forearm flexed, leg extended, circumduction of affected leg (strokes)

45
Q

Scissor gait

A

neurologic, bilateral

stiff legs, legs and feet commonly cross midline (spinal cord damage)

46
Q

Steppage gait/ foot drop

A

neurologic, unilateral

hike up affected leg bc unable to dorsiflex foot (peroneal n. damage)

47
Q

Parkinsonian gait

A

nerurologic, bilateral

stooped over, shuffling gait that speeds up involuntarily (fenestrating)

48
Q

Waddling/ Trendelenberg gait

A

musculoskeletal, bilateral

hip drop away from side and lean towards affected side

49
Q

Antalgic gait

A

musculoskeletal, unilateral

adjust gait in response to pain (limping) decreased stance phase on injured side

50
Q

TART

A

Tissue texture abnormality
Asymmetry
Restriction of motion
Tenderness

51
Q

Elastic range

A

difference in motion between the physiologic barrier and anatomic barrier

52
Q

Restrictive barrier

A

functional limit that abnormally limits physiologic range

53
Q

OMT contraindications

A

No SD, no consent, inappropriate clinical situation, anatomic or physiologic considerations

54
Q

5 models of osteopathic care

A 
Biomechanical
respiratory-circulatory
neurologic
metabolic-energetic
behavioral
55
Q

CAGE Questions (alcohol)

A

anyone suggested you CUT back?
are you ANNOYED when ppl talk about your drinking?
do you feel GUILTY about ur drinking?
do you need a morning drink (EYE OPENER)?

56
Q

Safe drinking limits

A

Women: no more than 3 drinks in a day and 7 in a week

Men: no more than 4 in a day and 14 per week

57
Q

Rule of 3’s

A

T1-T3: SP at same level

T4-T6: SP 1/2 segment lower

T7-T10: SP 1 whole segment below

T11: SP 1/2 segment lower

T12: SP at same level

58
Q

Spinal Landmarks: Spine of scapula

A

T3 SP and TPs

59
Q

Spinal landmarks: Inferior angle of scapula

A

T7 SP and T8 TPs

60
Q

Spinal landmarks: Iliac crests

A

L4

61
Q

Superior facet orientations (C/T/L)

A

C-spine BUM

T-spine BUL

L-spine BM

62
Q

Fryette Type 1

A

Neutral

Sidebending and Rotation opposite

Group of vertebrae

63
Q

Fryette Type 2

A

Flexion or Extension

Sidebending and rotation same side

Single vertebrae

64
Q

Fryette 3rd Principle

A

movement in one plane at a segment will modify movements in other planes at that segment

modification = improvement or restriction

65
Q

Appropriate touch protocol

A

Explain to pt.

What you want to do
Where your hands are going
Why you want to use this technique
Ask permission
Document in SOAP note
66
Q

SAFE mnemonic

A

used when screening for DV

S: feel SAFE in your relationship?
A: are you AFRAID or ABUSED?
F: do your FRIENDS and FAMILY know?
E: do you have an EMERGENCY PLAN?

67
Q

5Ps in obtaining sexual history

A 
Partners (M/F, number of partners)
Practices (vaginal/anal/oral)
Pregnancy Prevention (contraception)
Protection from STIs
Past history of STIs
68
Q

Cervical HVLA absolute contraindications

A

RA and Down Syndrome due to Alar L. instability

69
Q

Acute Tissue Texture Abnormalities

A

edema, boggy, hypertonic contraction

70
Q

Chronic Tissue Texture Abnormalities

A

cool, dry, ropy fibrotic contracture

71
Q

Thoracic/Lumbar muscles involved in Type 1 vs Type 2 mechanics dysfunctions

A

Type 1: Semispinalis and Multifidus (multi-level)

Type 2: Rotatores (single level)

72
Q

Trauma Approach

A
  1. Safety
  2. Trustworthiness
  3. Peer support
  4. Collaboration
  5. Empowerment
  6. Cultural historical and gender issues

ECOS (8 decks)

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