Facts Flashcards
1
Q
Date AT Still flung the banner of osteopathy to the breeze
A
10 AM June 22, 1874
2
Q
Year AT Still starts American School of Osteopathy
A
1892
3
Q
Date AT Still used a rope swing to treat headache because father’s treatments were not effective
A
1839
4
Q
Medicine before Osteopathy focused on
A
conquering disease by force
5
Q
Lister
A
antiseptic surgery
6
Q
John Snow
A
used epi in 1854 London cholera outbreak
7
Q
Wilhelm Rontgen
A
x-ray dx in 1896
8
Q
William Halstead
A
sterile rubber gloves for surg in 1890
9
Q
Osteopathic Tenants
A
- Body is a unit of mind, body and spirit
- Body is capable of self regulation and healing
- Structure and function are interrelated
- Rational treatment is based on the above principles
10
Q
Flexner Report
A
1910 report that was a harsh criticism of med school quality and brought about higher standards for med edu
11
Q
1916-1917 Influenza Pandemic
A
Pts treated with osteopathy has much lower mortality rate (0.25% vs 10%)
12
Q
CA referendum prohibits new licensure of DOs, many trade in for MDs
A
1961
13
Q
CA court rules DO licensure must resume
A
1974, catalyzed DO practice rights in all 50 states
14
Q
First DO in military
A
Harry J Walter, 1966
15
Q
First female DO
A
Jeanette Boles
16
Q
First female dean of a medical college
A
Barabra Ross-Lee
17
Q
First minority AOA president
A
Marceliano Oliva (KCU Grad)
18
Q
First state to license DOs
A
Vermont 1896
19
Q
MO grants DO licensure
A
1897
20
Q
KC College of Osteopathy and Surg opens
A
1916
21
Q
NURSE acronym
A
expressing empathy to pts: name, understand respect, support, explore
22
Q
Pt education should be written at
A
a 6th grade level
23
Q
Subjective
A
Pts history: CC, HPI, ROS, PMH, PSH, Meds, Allergies, FH, SH
24
Q
Objective
A
PE findings, labs, rads
25
Assessment
What I think is going on with the pt. not always a Dx
26
Plan
what we do about the problem
27
5 step approach to pt interview
1. Introduction
2. Get CC
3. Open ended HPI questions
4. More focused but still open ended questions for HPI
5. Transition to clinician centered questions
28
Gloves to be worn when
there is blood or other body fluids present
29
Hand hygiene methods
soap and water; antiseptic handwash; alcohol based handrub; surgical hand hygiene
30
Handwashing steps
wet, lather, scrub, rinse, dry
31
BP cuff selection
length at least equal to 80% circumference of upper arm, width at least 40% length of upper arm
32
How to take BP by ausculation
- Select cuff
- Wrap cuff 1 in above cubital fossa
- Press bell (or diaphragm) over brachial a.
- Rapidly inflate to 180mmHg or 30mmg above anticipated systolic, release at moderate rate
- 1st sound (Korotkoff) is systolic, when sound disappears = diastolic
33
Pulse Grading
0 absent
1+ diminished
2+ normal
3+ bounding
34
Normal temp
97.8 - 99
35
Skin Lesions (flat primary lesions)
Macule: flat and <1cm
Patch: flat and >1cm
36
Skin Lesions (raised no fluid filled primary lesions)
Papule: raised <1cm not fluid filled
Plaque: raised >1cm not fluid filled
37
Skin Lesions (raised fluid filled primary lesions)
Vesicle: raised <1cm fluid filled
Bulla: raised >1cm fluid filled
38
Otoscope on <12mo child
pull ear down and back
39
Otoscope on child>12mo or adult
pull ear up and back
40
Reflex Grading
```
0 absent
1 diminished
2 normal
3 brisker than average
4 very brisk, hyperactive with rhythmic oscillations
```
41
Stance Phase summary
- Heel strike: establish contact
- Loading response: absorb ground reaction to weight
- Mid stance to pre-swing: carry body weight forward
42
Swing Phase Summary
- Toe off, mid-swing, terminal swing
| - Goal is to clear foot, advance LE, prepare LE for loading
43
Ataxic gait
Neurologic, bilateral
Wide base with irregular steps (drunk or drain bamage)
44
Hemiparesis
Neurologic, unilateral
forearm flexed, leg extended, circumduction of affected leg (strokes)
45
Scissor gait
neurologic, bilateral
stiff legs, legs and feet commonly cross midline (spinal cord damage)
46
Steppage gait/ foot drop
neurologic, unilateral
hike up affected leg bc unable to dorsiflex foot (peroneal n. damage)
47
Parkinsonian gait
nerurologic, bilateral
stooped over, shuffling gait that speeds up involuntarily (fenestrating)
48
Waddling/ Trendelenberg gait
musculoskeletal, bilateral
hip drop away from side and lean towards affected side
49
Antalgic gait
musculoskeletal, unilateral
adjust gait in response to pain (limping) decreased stance phase on injured side
50
TART
Tissue texture abnormality
Asymmetry
Restriction of motion
Tenderness
51
Elastic range
difference in motion between the physiologic barrier and anatomic barrier
52
Restrictive barrier
functional limit that abnormally limits physiologic range
53
OMT contraindications
No SD, no consent, inappropriate clinical situation, anatomic or physiologic considerations
54
5 models of osteopathic care
```
Biomechanical
respiratory-circulatory
neurologic
metabolic-energetic
behavioral
```
55
CAGE Questions (alcohol)
anyone suggested you CUT back?
are you ANNOYED when ppl talk about your drinking?
do you feel GUILTY about ur drinking?
do you need a morning drink (EYE OPENER)?
56
Safe drinking limits
Women: no more than 3 drinks in a day and 7 in a week
Men: no more than 4 in a day and 14 per week
57
Rule of 3's
T1-T3: SP at same level
T4-T6: SP 1/2 segment lower
T7-T10: SP 1 whole segment below
T11: SP 1/2 segment lower
T12: SP at same level
58
Spinal Landmarks: Spine of scapula
T3 SP and TPs
59
Spinal landmarks: Inferior angle of scapula
T7 SP and T8 TPs
60
Spinal landmarks: Iliac crests
L4
61
Superior facet orientations (C/T/L)
C-spine BUM
T-spine BUL
L-spine BM
62
Fryette Type 1
Neutral
Sidebending and Rotation opposite
Group of vertebrae
63
Fryette Type 2
Flexion or Extension
Sidebending and rotation same side
Single vertebrae
64
Fryette 3rd Principle
movement in one plane at a segment will modify movements in other planes at that segment
modification = improvement or restriction
65
Appropriate touch protocol
Explain to pt.
```
What you want to do
Where your hands are going
Why you want to use this technique
Ask permission
Document in SOAP note
```
66
SAFE mnemonic
used when screening for DV
S: feel SAFE in your relationship?
A: are you AFRAID or ABUSED?
F: do your FRIENDS and FAMILY know?
E: do you have an EMERGENCY PLAN?
67
5Ps in obtaining sexual history
```
Partners (M/F, number of partners)
Practices (vaginal/anal/oral)
Pregnancy Prevention (contraception)
Protection from STIs
Past history of STIs
```
68
Cervical HVLA absolute contraindications
RA and Down Syndrome due to Alar L. instability
69
Acute Tissue Texture Abnormalities
edema, boggy, hypertonic contraction
70
Chronic Tissue Texture Abnormalities
cool, dry, ropy fibrotic contracture
71
Thoracic/Lumbar muscles involved in Type 1 vs Type 2 mechanics dysfunctions
Type 1: Semispinalis and Multifidus (multi-level)
Type 2: Rotatores (single level)
72
Trauma Approach
1. Safety
2. Trustworthiness
3. Peer support
4. Collaboration
5. Empowerment
6. Cultural historical and gender issues
