PDT

Question 1

The assessment process: the process of assessing an incident involves what 4 considerations?

Answer 1

1. the situational factors
2. subject behaviours
3. the officer’s perception
4. tactical considerations

Question 2

What are the 6 basic principles that underlie the IMIM - Incident Management Intervention Model

Answer 2

1. The primary duty of a peace officer is to preserve and protect life.
2. The primary objective of any intervention is public safety.
3. Police officer safety is essential to public safety.
4. The IMIM is consistent with federal statute law and common law authorities and in no way replaces or augments the law.
5. The intervention model must always be applied in the context of a careful assessment of risk, taking into account the likelihood and extent of life, loss, injury, and damage to property as a result of the intervention.
6. Risk assessment is a continuous process and risk management must evolve as situations change.

Question 3

As soon as an officer becomes aware of an incident, the risk assessment begins. These are a key component of risk assessment and there are a number of things that must be considered and these may influence the officer’s risk assessment.

Answer 3

Situational factors

Question 4

These conditions include the officer taking into account weather conditions, the moment of the day, location, physical position, or biohazards.

Answer 4

Environment

Question 5

What are the components of the IMIM?

Answer 5

1. Situational factors
2. Tactical considerations
3. Perceptions
4. Tactical Repositioning

Question 6

Situational Factors

x6

Answer 6

1. Environment
2. Number of subjects
3. Perceived Subjects’ abilities
4. Knowledge of subject
5. Time & Distance
6. Threat cues

Question 7

officer’s perception of a subject’s various characteristics

Answer 7

perceived subjects’ abilities

Question 8

Prior knowledge may affect the officer’s assessment of the situation. He/she must be aware of the subject’s criminal history, reputation, or the officer may have had prior contact with the subject.

Answer 8

Knowledge of the subject

Question 9

Physical behaviours displayed by a subject that have been known to precede an attack on an officer

Answer 9

Threat cues

Question 10

What are some threat cues?

x10

Answer 10

• ignoring the officer
• repetitious questioning
• aggressive verbalization
• emotional venting
• refusal to comply with lawful request
• ceasing all movement
• invasion of personal space
• adopting an aggressive stance
• furtive/sneaky glances
• hiding

Question 11

What are the 5 categories of subject behaviours?

Answer 11

1. Co-operative
2. Passive Resistant
3. Active resistant
4. Assaultive
5. Grievous bodily harm or death

Question 12

The subject responds appropriately to the officer’s presence, communication and control.

Answer 12

Co-operative

Question 13

Subject refuses, with little or no physical action, to co-operate with the officer’s lawful direction. It can assume the form of verbal refusal or consciously contrived physical inactivity - the subject will go limp and become dead weight.

Answer 13

Passive resistant

Question 14

The subject uses non-assaultive physical action to resist, or while resisting an officer’s lawful direction. Examples would include pulling away or running away from an officer.

Answer 14

Active resistant

Question 15

The subject attempts to apply, or applies force to any person; attempts or threatens by an act or gesture, to apply force to another person

Answer 15

Assaultive

Question 16

What two separate factors are graphically represented in the same area on the IMIM because they are viewed as interrelated?

Answer 16

Perception & Tactical considerations

Question 17

What are some examples of tactical considerations?

x10

Answer 17

1. Tactical repositioning
2. officer presence
3. uniform and equipment
4. number of officers
5. availability of backup
6. availability of cover
7. geographic consideration
8. Practicality of containment, distance, communications
9. agency policies and guidelines
10. availability of special units and equipment

Question 18

What are some factors that may be unique to the individual officer regarding perception?

x10

Answer 18

1. size/strength/overall fitness
2. personal experience
3. skill/ability/training
4. fears/confidence
5. gender
6. fatigue
7. injuries
8. critical incident stress symptoms
9. cultural background
10. sight/vision

Question 19

What 4 things drive the risk assessment process?

Answer 19

1. Situational factors
2. subject’s behaviour
3. officer’s perception
4. tactical considerations

Question 20

What are the 2 types of physical control?

Answer 20

hard & soft

Question 21

These techniques are control oriented and have a lower probability of causing injury. These may include escorting, restraining, joint locks and non-resistant handcuffing

Answer 21

Soft

Question 22

Intended to stop the subject’s behaviour or allow application of a control technique and have a higher probability of causing injury, They may include empty hand strikes such as punches and kicks

Answer 22

Hard techniques

Question 23

Involves the use of less lethal weapons - kinetic energy weapons, aerosols and conducted energy weapons fall under this category

Answer 23

Intermediate weapons

Question 24

The primary duty of a peace officer is to preserve and protect life. However, when a situation escalates dangerously, or when the consequences of continues police intervention seriously increase the danger to anyone, this may be an option to consider.

Answer 24

Tactical repositioning

Question 25

What are the 7 stages of risk assessment?

Answer 25

1. Information gathering
2. En route
3. Arrival
4. Approach
5. Entry
6. Interior
7. Exit

Question 26

In this stage the officer receives the call for service. The officer must determine what the risk is to the public and police and if they know how to deal with the situation. Based on this assessment the officer will make tactical choices about how fast to respond and what resources they need to handle the call.

Answer 26

Information gathering

Question 27

The officer is on his way to the call. The risk assessment at this time is divided. The first and most immediate are the risks associated with getting to the scene such as road conditions. While on his way to the scene, the officer may be acquiring further information or assessing further resources which may affect the risk assessment at the scene.

Answer 27

En route

Question 28

The officer is coming up to the scene and should use all of their senses to assess the situation. The officer should also identify things which will provide a tactical advantage such as cover and concealment.

Answer 28

Arrival

Question 29

The police vehicle is parked and the officer is now approaching the scene.

Answer 29

Approach

Question 30

The officer is about to interact with people involved in the incident.

Answer 30

Entry

Question 31

The officer is now inside the structure. The officer must continue to scan the room for threats, weapons, evidence, people, entrances/exits.

Answer 31

Interior

Question 32

The officer is exiting the scene. One of the greatest safety issues is believing the situation has been controlled and relaxing too soon. It is important for the officer to remain alert to further threats when exiting.

Answer 32

Exit

Question 33

What are the 4 Cs?

Answer 33

1. Check your environment
   - threats
   - cover
   - scene safety
2. Check condition
   - your condition, your partner’s
   - check tools
   - condition of subject
3. Combat breathing
4. check in with dispatch
   - communicated with partner if have one
   - communicated with dispatch
   - updated other responding units

Question 34

DARCS

Answer 34

1. Double lock - the handcuffs to prevent them from tightening
2. Arrest - arrest the subject and advice them of the reasons for the arrest
3. Rights - provide the subject with their rights to counsel under the Charter
4. Caution - provide the subject with the standard police warning - advise the subject that they have a right against self-incrimination
5. Search -

Question 35

ALPS

Answer 35

1. Ask - ask the subject if they have anything on them you should know about
2. Look
3. Pat
4. Squeeze