PD - Pulm Flashcards
sternal angle of Louis landmark
rib 2
Bifurcation of trachea to bronchi
Carina
T4
inferior wing of scapula landmark
rib 7
boundaries of the lungs landmarks
Superiorly – 3-4 cm above medial end of clavicle
Inferiorly- to rib 6 at the midclavicular line, rib 8 at the midaxillary line and posteriorly to the level of T9 and T12
In both the right and left lungs, the oblique fissure separates the ___________ from the rest of the lung.
The line runs from ____________ to ___________ then posteriorly to the level of ___:
In both the right and left lungs, the oblique fissure separates the lower lobe from the rest of the lung.
The line runs from rib 6 at the midclavicular line to rib 5 at the midaxillary line then posteriorly to the level of T3:
At the end of expiration, the diaphragm is at the level of
Rib 5 Anteriorly
T9 Posteriorly
Barrel Chest
AP diameter equals or is greater than the lateral diameter; eg. advanced COPD
Flail Chest
multiple ribs broken in multiple places, causing that portion of the chest to move paradoxically inward during inspiration
Pectus Carinatum
anterior protrusion of sternum; usually does not compromise ventilation
Pectus Excavatum
depression of sternum; usually accompanied by mitral valve prolapse
Kyphoscoliosis
abnormal AP diameter and lateral curvature of the spine
open pneumothorax
Air bubbling from an open wound in the chest; very abnormal
I:E Ratio
1:2
Expiration may be prolonged in obstructive states such as Asthma or COPD (I:E Ratio of 1:3 or 1:4)
During normal, quiet breathing, muscle contraction occurs only during ____, and ____ is passive.
inspiration –> contraction
expiration –> passive
Normal adult respiratory rate
10-14 breaths per minute
Bradypnea
abnormal slowed slowed breathing
Tachypnea
abnormal increase in breathing