Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NCS > PD II > Flashcards

PD II Flashcards

1
Q

Freezing of Gait Questionnaire

A
  • 6-item questionnaire to be completed during “on” state
  • Each item scored 0 (absence of sis) to 4 (most severe)
  • Max score is 24
  • Answers based on past week or overall presence of freezing that entire day
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Levodopa-carbidopa and dyskinesia

A

Abnormal involuntary movements that usually occur at peak dose + increases in intensity with increased time on dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Deep brain stimulation benefits

A
  • Minimizes “off” time

- May be able to reduce medication dosage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

FES benefits

A
  • Improvements in UPDRS

- Maintained improvements in rigidity and bradykinesia 4 weeks after FES cessation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

LSVT benefits

A

Improved TUG, UPDRS, gait speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anticholinergics brand names

A
  • Artane

- Cogentin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mini-BESTest

A
  • 14 item test
  • Each item scored 0 (severe impairment) to 2 (normal)
  • Max score is 28
  • Cut-off score: <23/28 consistent with increased risk of falling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Side effects of levadopa-carbidopa

A
  • Nausea
  • Drowsy
  • OH
  • Dyskinesia
  • Hallucinations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Therapeutic windo of levadopa-carbidopa

A
  • Over time, the duration target clinical response (therapeutic window) narrows/shortens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BESTest

A
  • 36 item test
  • Each item scored 0 (severe impairment) to 3 (normal)
  • Max score is 108
  • Cut-off score: <69% indicates risk of falling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Criteria for DBS

A
  • Idiopathic PD
  • Intact cognition
  • Good response to dopamine
  • Able to remain awake during surgery
  • Able to be functional at baseline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Symptoms unresponsive to medications

A
  • Postural instability
  • Freezing
  • Mental changes
  • Autonomic nervous dysfunction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Proposed mechanism of FES

A

Improved reliance on feedforward processes - may be altering central motor control processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Low dopamine

A
  • Depression
  • Apathy
  • Anhedonia
  • Anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

GPI vs Subthalamic Nucleus

A

No difference but may have a greater reduction of dosage with STN DBS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dopamine agonists brand names

A
  • Mirapex
  • Requip
  • Neupro
17
Q

Amatadine

A
  • Dopamine agonist and dopamine reuptake inhibitor

- Mainly utilized to treat dyskinesia

18
Q

Limitations of DBS

A
  • Infection

- Doesn’t effect postural instability

19
Q

High intensity exercise

A

Improved gait speed/step/stride length + more normal corticomotor excitability based on shorted cortical silent period durations (CSP)

20
Q

MAO type-B inhibitors

A
  • Blocks breakdown of dopamine in the brain
21
Q

MAO type-B inhibitors brand names

A
  • Selegiline

- Resagiline

22
Q

Imaging with FES

A

Shows that FES and medication utilize similar pathways

23
Q

Levadopa

A
  • Gold standard

- Precursor to dopamine that is able to cross blood brain barrier

24
Q

On times and off times

A

On
- Medication is effectively controlling symptoms
Off
- Regular and predictable decline of symptom control between doses

25
Q

COMT inhibitors

A
  • Prevents peripheral degradation of levodopa

- May decrease “off” time or reduce levodopa dose necessary for clinical effect

26
Q

High dopamine

A
  • Euphoria
  • Impulsve
  • Risk taking behaviors
27
Q

Sinemet and diet

A

Recommended to take 30 minutes before or 1 hour after meals

28
Q

Dopamine agonists

A
  • Directly stimulates dopamine agonists
  • Started as initial therapy or adjunct to levodopa-carbidopa
  • Not as effective as Sinemet but provides relief with longer half-life
29
Q

Anticholinergics

A
  • Reduces over activity of acetylcholine - thus inhibiting dopamine rey-take in the striatum
  • Mainly used for tremors and rigidity
30
Q

Target sites of DBS

A
  • Thalamus: Mainly reducing tremors

- GPI/Subthalamic Nucleus: tremor, rigidity, bradyknesia, dyskinesia

31
Q

Carbidopa

A

DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor

- Prevents levadopa from converting to dopamine in the periphery

32
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39

A
  • 39-item self-report questionnaire
  • Each item is scored 0 (never) to 4 (always)
  • 8 dimensions: mobility, ADLs, emotional well-being, stigma, cognition, communication, bodily discomfort
  • Answers based on past month
33
Q

COMT inhibitors brand names

A
  • Comtan

- Tasmar

34
Q

Amatadine brand names

A
  • Symmetrel

- Kemadrin

NCS (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions