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PHARMACOLOGY > PCOL module 4 > Flashcards

PCOL module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

I. Organophosphates are
cholinesterase inhibitors.
II. Organophosphates exhibit both
muscarinic and nicotinic toxicities.

First statement true
Second statement True
Both True

A

Both True

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2
Q

Cholinoceptor stimulants can
produce the following effects
EXCEPT;

Negative chronotropy and inotropy
Salivation
Urinary retention
Diarrhea

A

Urinary retention

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3
Q

Effects mediated by Ach-muscarinic
receptor interaction;
I. Activation of phospholipase C
II. Activation of adenylate cyclase
III. Activation of K+ channels

A

I & III

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4
Q

All of the following are direct effects
of bethanechol therapy EXCEPT;

Sweating
Decreased blood pressure
constipation
salivation

A

constipation

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5
Q

The symptoms of patients who have
myasthenia gravis may be
transiently improved by treatment
with cholinesterase inhibitors. All
the following are cholinesterase
inhibitors EXCEPT;

Pyridostigmine
Pancuronium

A

Pancuronium

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6
Q

Indirect-acting cholinergic are
muscarinic receptor antagonists

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE

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7
Q

Direct effects of pilocarpine therapy
include:
I. Decreased intraocular pressure
II. Xerostomia
III. Constipation

A

I only

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8
Q

The following are characteristics of
methacholine EXCEPT;

  • susceptible to degradation by AchE
  • a choline ester
  • employed in the management of M. gravis
  • exhibits muscarinic effects but no nicotinic actions
A

employed in the management of M. gravis

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9
Q

Which of the following is an
indirect-acting cholinergic?

acetylcholine
echothiopate
pilocarpine

A

echothiopate

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10
Q

Cholinesterase inhibitors exhibit;

  • Central and Peripheral
    muscarinic and nicotinic
    effects
  • Central muscarinic and nicotinic
    effects
  • Peripheral muscarinic and nicotinic
    effects
A

Central and Peripheral
muscarinic and nicotinic
effects

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11
Q

Non
-depolarizing neuromuscular
blockers;
I. Are nicotinic receptor antagonist
II. Produce skeletal muscle relaxation
III. Rapidly degraded by plasma cholinesterases

A

I & II

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12
Q

The major toxicity associated with
the use of neuromuscular blockers
is;

  • blurred vission
  • GI upset
  • Paralysis of the respiratory
    muscles
A

Paralysis of the respiratory
muscles

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13
Q

I. Succinylcholine is rapidly
metabolized by plasma
cholinesterase.
II. Succinylcholine is a competitive
antagonist of nicotinic muscular
receptors.

First statement true
Second statement True
Both True

A

First statement true
Second statement false

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14
Q

Suxamethonium is a;

  • ganglionic blocker
    -muscarinic blocker
  • depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
  • non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
A

depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

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15
Q

Which of the following
neuromuscular blockers
occasionally produce malignant
hypothermia?

succinylcholine
pilocarpine
acetylcholine

A

Succinylcholine

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16
Q

It reverses the neuromuscular
blockade of Rocuronium by
decreasing its free plasma
concentration and diffuse away
from the neuromuscular junction.

Sugammadex
Edrophonium
Neostigmine

A

sugammadex

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17
Q

Which of the following side/adverse
effects of neuromuscular blockers
can be reversed by cholinesterase
inhibitors?

Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Respiratory Paralysis

A

Respiratory Paralysis

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18
Q

All are true statements concerning
Tubocurarine, EXCEPT;

  • Causes muscle
    depolarization
  • Competitive antagonist of acetlycholine
  • Binds to the cholinergic nicotinic receptor
  • Block muscle contraction
A

Causes muscle
depolarization

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19
Q

All of the following are competitive
antagonists of Nm receptor at the
NMJ, EXCEPT:

Mecamylamine
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine

A

Mecamylamine

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20
Q

Which of the following agents can be
used to facilitate endotracheal
intubation?

Mecamylamine
Neostigmine
Homatropine
Succinylcholine

A

Succinylcholine

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21
Q

Dose
-dependent pharmacological
actions of Atropine include all of the
following, EXCEPT;

Pupil Dilation
Dry mouth
Sweating

A

Sweating

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22
Q

I. Nicotinicg (Ng)
-receptor is
located at the neuromuscular
junctions (NMJ) of the skeletal
muscle.
II. Hexamethonium is a blocker of
the ganglionic nicotinic receptor

The 1st statement is True and
the 2nd statement is False

The 1st statement is False and
the 2nd statement is True

Both statement is True

A

The 1st statement is False and
the 2nd statement is True

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23
Q

Clinical applications of
anticholinergics include all of the
following EXCEPT;

For irritable bowel syndrome
In peptic Ulcer
Miotic for eye surgery

A

Miotic for eye surgery

24
Q

The following pharmacological
classes of drug usually exhibit
anticholinergic activity, EXCEPT;

Anti-psychotics
Anti-pyretics
Anti-parkinsonism

A

Anti-pyretics

25
Q

The amino acid precursor of
catecholamine (NE) synthesis is

A

Tyrosine

26
Q

Oxybutinin, Dicyclomine, and Glycopyrrolate are clinically useful for which of the following conditions?

Motion sickness and parkinsonism
Cholinomimetic agent overdose
GI hypermotility and urinary incontinence

A

GI hypermotility and urinary incontinence

27
Q

The adrenal medulla releases
____________ in the blood

A

Epinephrine / Adrenaline

28
Q

Epinephrine’s pharmacologic
activity includes all of the following
EXCEPT;

Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
Bronchodilation
Bronchoconstriction

A

Vasodilation

29
Q

TRUE statements regarding
Terbutaline include all of the
following EXCEPT;

  • Primarily acting at beta-2 receptor
  • Metabolized by MAO or COMT
  • Clinically used as bronchodilator
A

Metabolized by MAO or COMT

30
Q

TRUE statements about alpha
- methyldopa include all of the
following EXCEPT;

Adrenergic receptor
blocker

Can cause Rebound hypertension

A

An adrenergic receptor
blocker

31
Q

Which of the following compounds
would have the highest selective
affinity for beta-adrenoceptors?

Isoproterenol
Dopamine

A

Isoproterenol

32
Q

A nonselective, irreversible alpha
receptor blocker that is used for
pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the
adrenal medulla that secretes large
amounts of EPI and NE.

  • Phenoxybenzamine
  • Butoxamine
A

Phenoxybenzamine

33
Q

Administration of this drug leads to
inhibition of both alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors?

Prazosin
Pindolol
Metoprolol
Labetalol

A

Labetalol

34
Q

Presynaptic and/or postsynaptic
alpha-receptors are blocked by all
the following EXCEPT;

Atenolol
Doxazosin
Phenoxybenzamine

A

Atenolol

35
Q

The following are adverse effects
commonly observed with the beta-blocker, propranolol EXCEPT

Tachycardia
Hypotension
Bronchoconstriction

A

Tachycardia

36
Q

Drugs that cause blockade of
endogenous transmitters at
postsynaptic adrenoceptors include
all EXCEPT;

prazosin
metaprolol
nadolol
isoproterenol

A

isoproterenol

37
Q

Isoproterenol causes all the
following responses EXCEPT;

  • Bradycardia
  • Bronchodilation
  • Uterine Relaxation
A

Bradycardia

38
Q

A non-catecholamine adrenergic
agonist useful for the treatment of
premature labor.

Phenylephrine
Dobutamine
Ritodrine

A

Ritodrine

39
Q

A sympathomimetic used in ADHD.
I. Phenylpropanolamine
II. Methylphenidate
III. Atomotexine

A

II & III

40
Q

All the following compounds are
selective β1-blockers EXCEPT;

Atenolol
Acebutolol
Bisoprolol
Pindolol

A

Pindolol

41
Q

Which of the following
sympathomimetics is a blocker of
NET, thus inhibiting NE reuptake?

Epineprine
Amphetamine
Phenylephrine
Cocaine

A

Cocaine

42
Q

Orthostatic hypotension and syncope are manifestations of a phenomenon associated with first dose of which agent?

Labetalol
Methyldopa
Prazosin

A

Prazosin

43
Q

The local anesthetic activity of
propranolol is due to;

Alpha blocker
Beta blocker
Sodium Channel blocker
Calcium Channel blocker

A

Sodium Channel blocker

44
Q

A beta blocker with intrinsic
sympathomimetic activity.

Atenolol
Carvedilol
Pindolol

A

Pindolol

45
Q

A 62-year-old man with dysuria due
to prostatic hyperplasia.

A

Terazosin

46
Q

A 34-y/o patient with severe
hypertension and tachycardia upon
palpation of the patient’s abdomen
during physical examination.

A

Phenoxybenzamine

47
Q

A patient with chronic elevation of
intraocular pressure and a normal
angle between the iris and the
cornea

A

Timolol

48
Q

I. Non-selective beta blockers are
contraindicated in diabetic patients.
II. Beta-1 selective blockers mask
the tachycardia associated with
hypoglycemia

The 1st statement is True and
the 2nd statement is False

The 1st statement is False and
the 2nd statement is True

Both statement is True

A

Both statement is True

49
Q

Non cardiovascular clinical uses of
propranolol include;
I. In glaucoma
II. In migraine headaches
III. In hyperthyroidism

A

II & III

50
Q

Alpha-2 activation inhibits the
release of;
I. acetylcholine
II. norepinephrine
III. insulin

A

I, II, & III

51
Q

The autonomic nervous system controls the involuntart activities such as heart rate, breathing, etc

TRUE OR FALSE

A

True

52
Q

The cranio-scaral division of the Ans is the sympathetic nervous system

TRUE OR FALSE

A

False

53
Q

Sympathetic response dominate to a person under stress

TRUE OR FALSE

A

True

54
Q

The transmitter released at the sympathetic nerve ending leading to renal vascular smooth muscle is acetylcholine

A

False

55
Q

The receptor at theganglionic site is muscarinic receptor

A

False

PHARMACOLOGY (16 decks)

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