PCOL module 4 Flashcards
I. Organophosphates are
cholinesterase inhibitors.
II. Organophosphates exhibit both
muscarinic and nicotinic toxicities.
First statement true
Second statement True
Both True
Both True
Cholinoceptor stimulants can
produce the following effects
EXCEPT;
Negative chronotropy and inotropy
Salivation
Urinary retention
Diarrhea
Urinary retention
Effects mediated by Ach-muscarinic
receptor interaction;
I. Activation of phospholipase C
II. Activation of adenylate cyclase
III. Activation of K+ channels
I & III
All of the following are direct effects
of bethanechol therapy EXCEPT;
Sweating
Decreased blood pressure
constipation
salivation
constipation
The symptoms of patients who have
myasthenia gravis may be
transiently improved by treatment
with cholinesterase inhibitors. All
the following are cholinesterase
inhibitors EXCEPT;
Pyridostigmine
Pancuronium
Pancuronium
Indirect-acting cholinergic are
muscarinic receptor antagonists
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Direct effects of pilocarpine therapy
include:
I. Decreased intraocular pressure
II. Xerostomia
III. Constipation
I only
The following are characteristics of
methacholine EXCEPT;
- susceptible to degradation by AchE
- a choline ester
- employed in the management of M. gravis
- exhibits muscarinic effects but no nicotinic actions
employed in the management of M. gravis
Which of the following is an
indirect-acting cholinergic?
acetylcholine
echothiopate
pilocarpine
echothiopate
Cholinesterase inhibitors exhibit;
- Central and Peripheral
muscarinic and nicotinic
effects - Central muscarinic and nicotinic
effects - Peripheral muscarinic and nicotinic
effects
Central and Peripheral
muscarinic and nicotinic
effects
Non
-depolarizing neuromuscular
blockers;
I. Are nicotinic receptor antagonist
II. Produce skeletal muscle relaxation
III. Rapidly degraded by plasma cholinesterases
I & II
The major toxicity associated with
the use of neuromuscular blockers
is;
- blurred vission
- GI upset
- Paralysis of the respiratory
muscles
Paralysis of the respiratory
muscles
I. Succinylcholine is rapidly
metabolized by plasma
cholinesterase.
II. Succinylcholine is a competitive
antagonist of nicotinic muscular
receptors.
First statement true
Second statement True
Both True
First statement true
Second statement false
Suxamethonium is a;
- ganglionic blocker
-muscarinic blocker - depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
- non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Which of the following
neuromuscular blockers
occasionally produce malignant
hypothermia?
succinylcholine
pilocarpine
acetylcholine
Succinylcholine
It reverses the neuromuscular
blockade of Rocuronium by
decreasing its free plasma
concentration and diffuse away
from the neuromuscular junction.
Sugammadex
Edrophonium
Neostigmine
sugammadex
Which of the following side/adverse
effects of neuromuscular blockers
can be reversed by cholinesterase
inhibitors?
Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Respiratory Paralysis
Respiratory Paralysis
All are true statements concerning
Tubocurarine, EXCEPT;
- Causes muscle
depolarization - Competitive antagonist of acetlycholine
- Binds to the cholinergic nicotinic receptor
- Block muscle contraction
Causes muscle
depolarization
All of the following are competitive
antagonists of Nm receptor at the
NMJ, EXCEPT:
Mecamylamine
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Mecamylamine
Which of the following agents can be
used to facilitate endotracheal
intubation?
Mecamylamine
Neostigmine
Homatropine
Succinylcholine
Succinylcholine
Dose
-dependent pharmacological
actions of Atropine include all of the
following, EXCEPT;
Pupil Dilation
Dry mouth
Sweating
Sweating
I. Nicotinicg (Ng)
-receptor is
located at the neuromuscular
junctions (NMJ) of the skeletal
muscle.
II. Hexamethonium is a blocker of
the ganglionic nicotinic receptor
The 1st statement is True and
the 2nd statement is False
The 1st statement is False and
the 2nd statement is True
Both statement is True
The 1st statement is False and
the 2nd statement is True
Clinical applications of
anticholinergics include all of the
following EXCEPT;
For irritable bowel syndrome
In peptic Ulcer
Miotic for eye surgery
Miotic for eye surgery
The following pharmacological
classes of drug usually exhibit
anticholinergic activity, EXCEPT;
Anti-psychotics
Anti-pyretics
Anti-parkinsonism
Anti-pyretics
The amino acid precursor of
catecholamine (NE) synthesis is
Tyrosine
Oxybutinin, Dicyclomine, and Glycopyrrolate are clinically useful for which of the following conditions?
Motion sickness and parkinsonism
Cholinomimetic agent overdose
GI hypermotility and urinary incontinence
GI hypermotility and urinary incontinence
The adrenal medulla releases
____________ in the blood
Epinephrine / Adrenaline
Epinephrine’s pharmacologic
activity includes all of the following
EXCEPT;
Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
Bronchodilation
Bronchoconstriction
Vasodilation
TRUE statements regarding
Terbutaline include all of the
following EXCEPT;
- Primarily acting at beta-2 receptor
- Metabolized by MAO or COMT
- Clinically used as bronchodilator
Metabolized by MAO or COMT
TRUE statements about alpha
- methyldopa include all of the
following EXCEPT;
Adrenergic receptor
blocker
Can cause Rebound hypertension
An adrenergic receptor
blocker
Which of the following compounds
would have the highest selective
affinity for beta-adrenoceptors?
Isoproterenol
Dopamine
Isoproterenol
A nonselective, irreversible alpha
receptor blocker that is used for
pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the
adrenal medulla that secretes large
amounts of EPI and NE.
- Phenoxybenzamine
- Butoxamine
Phenoxybenzamine
Administration of this drug leads to
inhibition of both alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors?
Prazosin
Pindolol
Metoprolol
Labetalol
Labetalol
Presynaptic and/or postsynaptic
alpha-receptors are blocked by all
the following EXCEPT;
Atenolol
Doxazosin
Phenoxybenzamine
Atenolol
The following are adverse effects
commonly observed with the beta-blocker, propranolol EXCEPT
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Bronchoconstriction
Tachycardia
Drugs that cause blockade of
endogenous transmitters at
postsynaptic adrenoceptors include
all EXCEPT;
prazosin
metaprolol
nadolol
isoproterenol
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol causes all the
following responses EXCEPT;
- Bradycardia
- Bronchodilation
- Uterine Relaxation
Bradycardia
A non-catecholamine adrenergic
agonist useful for the treatment of
premature labor.
Phenylephrine
Dobutamine
Ritodrine
Ritodrine
A sympathomimetic used in ADHD.
I. Phenylpropanolamine
II. Methylphenidate
III. Atomotexine
II & III
All the following compounds are
selective β1-blockers EXCEPT;
Atenolol
Acebutolol
Bisoprolol
Pindolol
Pindolol
Which of the following
sympathomimetics is a blocker of
NET, thus inhibiting NE reuptake?
Epineprine
Amphetamine
Phenylephrine
Cocaine
Cocaine
Orthostatic hypotension and syncope are manifestations of a phenomenon associated with first dose of which agent?
Labetalol
Methyldopa
Prazosin
Prazosin
The local anesthetic activity of
propranolol is due to;
Alpha blocker
Beta blocker
Sodium Channel blocker
Calcium Channel blocker
Sodium Channel blocker
A beta blocker with intrinsic
sympathomimetic activity.
Atenolol
Carvedilol
Pindolol
Pindolol
A 62-year-old man with dysuria due
to prostatic hyperplasia.
Terazosin
A 34-y/o patient with severe
hypertension and tachycardia upon
palpation of the patient’s abdomen
during physical examination.
Phenoxybenzamine
A patient with chronic elevation of
intraocular pressure and a normal
angle between the iris and the
cornea
Timolol
I. Non-selective beta blockers are
contraindicated in diabetic patients.
II. Beta-1 selective blockers mask
the tachycardia associated with
hypoglycemia
The 1st statement is True and
the 2nd statement is False
The 1st statement is False and
the 2nd statement is True
Both statement is True
Both statement is True
Non cardiovascular clinical uses of
propranolol include;
I. In glaucoma
II. In migraine headaches
III. In hyperthyroidism
II & III
Alpha-2 activation inhibits the
release of;
I. acetylcholine
II. norepinephrine
III. insulin
I, II, & III
The autonomic nervous system controls the involuntart activities such as heart rate, breathing, etc
TRUE OR FALSE
True
The cranio-scaral division of the Ans is the sympathetic nervous system
TRUE OR FALSE
False
Sympathetic response dominate to a person under stress
TRUE OR FALSE
True
The transmitter released at the sympathetic nerve ending leading to renal vascular smooth muscle is acetylcholine
False
The receptor at theganglionic site is muscarinic receptor
False
