PCOL module 4 Flashcards by Sky Blue

I. Organophosphates are
cholinesterase inhibitors.
II. Organophosphates exhibit both
muscarinic and nicotinic toxicities.

First statement true
Second statement True
Both True

Both True

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Cholinoceptor stimulants can
produce the following effects
EXCEPT;

Negative chronotropy and inotropy
Salivation
Urinary retention
Diarrhea

Urinary retention

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Effects mediated by Ach-muscarinic
receptor interaction;
I. Activation of phospholipase C
II. Activation of adenylate cyclase
III. Activation of K+ channels

I & III

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All of the following are direct effects
of bethanechol therapy EXCEPT;

Sweating
Decreased blood pressure
constipation
salivation

constipation

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The symptoms of patients who have
myasthenia gravis may be
transiently improved by treatment
with cholinesterase inhibitors. All
the following are cholinesterase
inhibitors EXCEPT;

Pyridostigmine
Pancuronium

Pancuronium

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Indirect-acting cholinergic are
muscarinic receptor antagonists

TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

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Direct effects of pilocarpine therapy
include:
I. Decreased intraocular pressure
II. Xerostomia
III. Constipation

I only

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The following are characteristics of
methacholine EXCEPT;

susceptible to degradation by AchE
a choline ester
employed in the management of M. gravis
exhibits muscarinic effects but no nicotinic actions

employed in the management of M. gravis

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Which of the following is an
indirect-acting cholinergic?

acetylcholine
echothiopate
pilocarpine

echothiopate

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Cholinesterase inhibitors exhibit;

Central and Peripheral
muscarinic and nicotinic
effects
Central muscarinic and nicotinic
effects
Peripheral muscarinic and nicotinic
effects

Central and Peripheral
muscarinic and nicotinic
effects

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Non
-depolarizing neuromuscular
blockers;
I. Are nicotinic receptor antagonist
II. Produce skeletal muscle relaxation
III. Rapidly degraded by plasma cholinesterases

I & II

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The major toxicity associated with
the use of neuromuscular blockers
is;

blurred vission
GI upset
Paralysis of the respiratory
muscles

Paralysis of the respiratory
muscles

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I. Succinylcholine is rapidly
metabolized by plasma
cholinesterase.
II. Succinylcholine is a competitive
antagonist of nicotinic muscular
receptors.

First statement true
Second statement True
Both True

First statement true
Second statement false

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Suxamethonium is a;

ganglionic blocker
-muscarinic blocker
depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

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Which of the following
neuromuscular blockers
occasionally produce malignant
hypothermia?

succinylcholine
pilocarpine
acetylcholine

Succinylcholine

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It reverses the neuromuscular
blockade of Rocuronium by
decreasing its free plasma
concentration and diffuse away
from the neuromuscular junction.

Sugammadex
Edrophonium
Neostigmine

sugammadex

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Which of the following side/adverse
effects of neuromuscular blockers
can be reversed by cholinesterase
inhibitors?

Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Respiratory Paralysis

Respiratory Paralysis

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All are true statements concerning
Tubocurarine, EXCEPT;

Causes muscle
depolarization
Competitive antagonist of acetlycholine
Binds to the cholinergic nicotinic receptor
Block muscle contraction

Causes muscle
depolarization

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All of the following are competitive
antagonists of Nm receptor at the
NMJ, EXCEPT:

Mecamylamine
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine

Mecamylamine

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Which of the following agents can be
used to facilitate endotracheal
intubation?

Mecamylamine
Neostigmine
Homatropine
Succinylcholine

Succinylcholine

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Dose
-dependent pharmacological
actions of Atropine include all of the
following, EXCEPT;

Pupil Dilation
Dry mouth
Sweating

Sweating

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I. Nicotinicg (Ng)
-receptor is
located at the neuromuscular
junctions (NMJ) of the skeletal
muscle.
II. Hexamethonium is a blocker of
the ganglionic nicotinic receptor

The 1st statement is True and
the 2nd statement is False

The 1st statement is False and
the 2nd statement is True

Both statement is True

The 1st statement is False and
the 2nd statement is True

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Clinical applications of
anticholinergics include all of the
following EXCEPT;

For irritable bowel syndrome
In peptic Ulcer
Miotic for eye surgery

Miotic for eye surgery

The following pharmacological
classes of drug usually exhibit
anticholinergic activity, EXCEPT;

Anti-psychotics
Anti-pyretics
Anti-parkinsonism

Anti-pyretics

The amino acid precursor of catecholamine (NE) synthesis is

Tyrosine

Oxybutinin, Dicyclomine, and Glycopyrrolate are clinically useful for which of the following conditions? Motion sickness and parkinsonism Cholinomimetic agent overdose GI hypermotility and urinary incontinence

GI hypermotility and urinary incontinence

The adrenal medulla releases ____________ in the blood

Epinephrine / Adrenaline

Epinephrine’s pharmacologic activity includes all of the following EXCEPT; Vasodilation Vasoconstriction Bronchodilation Bronchoconstriction

Vasodilation

TRUE statements regarding Terbutaline include all of the following EXCEPT; - Primarily acting at beta-2 receptor - Metabolized by MAO or COMT - Clinically used as bronchodilator

Metabolized by MAO or COMT

TRUE statements about alpha - methyldopa include all of the following EXCEPT; Adrenergic receptor blocker Can cause Rebound hypertension

An adrenergic receptor blocker

Which of the following compounds would have the highest selective affinity for beta-adrenoceptors? Isoproterenol Dopamine

Isoproterenol

A nonselective, irreversible alpha receptor blocker that is used for pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal medulla that secretes large amounts of EPI and NE. - Phenoxybenzamine - Butoxamine

Phenoxybenzamine

Administration of this drug leads to inhibition of both alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors? Prazosin Pindolol Metoprolol Labetalol

Labetalol

Presynaptic and/or postsynaptic alpha-receptors are blocked by all the following EXCEPT; Atenolol Doxazosin Phenoxybenzamine

Atenolol

The following are adverse effects commonly observed with the beta-blocker, propranolol EXCEPT Tachycardia Hypotension Bronchoconstriction

Tachycardia

Drugs that cause blockade of endogenous transmitters at postsynaptic adrenoceptors include all EXCEPT; prazosin metaprolol nadolol isoproterenol

isoproterenol

Isoproterenol causes all the following responses EXCEPT; - Bradycardia - Bronchodilation - Uterine Relaxation

Bradycardia

A non-catecholamine adrenergic agonist useful for the treatment of premature labor. Phenylephrine Dobutamine Ritodrine

Ritodrine

A sympathomimetic used in ADHD. I. Phenylpropanolamine II. Methylphenidate III. Atomotexine

II & III

All the following compounds are selective β1-blockers EXCEPT; Atenolol Acebutolol Bisoprolol Pindolol

Pindolol

Which of the following sympathomimetics is a blocker of NET, thus inhibiting NE reuptake? Epineprine Amphetamine Phenylephrine Cocaine

Cocaine

Orthostatic hypotension and syncope are manifestations of a phenomenon associated with first dose of which agent? Labetalol Methyldopa Prazosin

Prazosin

The local anesthetic activity of propranolol is due to; Alpha blocker Beta blocker Sodium Channel blocker Calcium Channel blocker

Sodium Channel blocker

A beta blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Atenolol Carvedilol Pindolol

Pindolol

A 62-year-old man with dysuria due to prostatic hyperplasia.

Terazosin

A 34-y/o patient with severe hypertension and tachycardia upon palpation of the patient’s abdomen during physical examination.

Phenoxybenzamine

A patient with chronic elevation of intraocular pressure and a normal angle between the iris and the cornea

Timolol

I. Non-selective beta blockers are contraindicated in diabetic patients. II. Beta-1 selective blockers mask the tachycardia associated with hypoglycemia The 1st statement is True and the 2nd statement is False The 1st statement is False and the 2nd statement is True Both statement is True

Both statement is True

Non cardiovascular clinical uses of propranolol include; I. In glaucoma II. In migraine headaches III. In hyperthyroidism

II & III

Alpha-2 activation inhibits the release of; I. acetylcholine II. norepinephrine III. insulin

I, II, & III

The autonomic nervous system controls the involuntart activities such as heart rate, breathing, etc TRUE OR FALSE

True

The cranio-scaral division of the Ans is the sympathetic nervous system TRUE OR FALSE

False

Sympathetic response dominate to a person under stress TRUE OR FALSE

True

The transmitter released at the sympathetic nerve ending leading to renal vascular smooth muscle is acetylcholine

False

The receptor at theganglionic site is muscarinic receptor

False