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Pcog > PCOG Tanins > Flashcards

PCOG Tanins Flashcards

1
Q

Complex polyphenolic compunds

A

Tanins

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2
Q

Hard to isolate
No crystals

A

Tanins

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3
Q

Antimicrobial
Anti diarrheal

A

Tanins

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4
Q

Components of Universal Antidote

A

Activated Charcoal
Magnessium Oxide
Tannic Acid

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5
Q

Two types of tannins

A

Nonhydrolyzable
Hydrolyzable/True tanins

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6
Q

What yields positive and negative in Goldbeater skin test.

A

+True tannins
-Pseudotannins

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7
Q

Flavonoids

A

Non hydrolyzable

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8
Q

Calvin Cycle

A

Needs the light reactions

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9
Q

Bluish black

A

Hydorolizable

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10
Q

Greenish black

A

Condensed tannins

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11
Q

Goldbeaters skin test procedure

A

Soak a small piece of goldbeaters skin in 2% HCl rinse with D.H20 and place in soln to be tested for 5 min. Wash with D.h20 and transfer to a 1% soln of FeSo4

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12
Q

Positive result of goldbeater skin test

A

Brown or black on the skin denotes the presence of tannins

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13
Q

Definition of goldbeaters skin test

A

Is a membrane prepared from the intestine of ox and behaves simmilarly to an untanned hidd

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14
Q

2 types of true tannins

A

Hydrolysable and non-hydrolysable

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15
Q

Hyrolysable tannins are

A

Ester of sugars and phenolic compounds

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16
Q

Hydrolysable tannins on heating with Hydrochloric or sulphuric acids yield

A

Gallic acid or Ellagic acid

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17
Q

Examples of hydrolysable tannins

A

Myrobalan
Bahera
Witch hazel

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18
Q

terminalia chebula
Combretaceae

A

Myrobalan

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19
Q

Terminalia belerica
Combretaceae

A

Bahera

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20
Q

Hamamelidaceae

A

Witch hazel

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21
Q

Gallic acid tannins

A

Gallotanins

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22
Q

Ellagic acid

A

Ellagitannins

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23
Q

Sources of gallotanins

A

Rhubarb
Gall
Clove

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24
Q

Ellagitanins
Sources

A

Pomegranate
Eucalyptus

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25
Q

Hydrolysable tannins on dry distillation are converted to

A

Pyrogallol derivatives

26
Q

Physical properties of hydrolysable tannins

A

Soluble in water

27
Q

Hydrolysable tannins produces blue color with

A

Ferric chloride

28
Q

Condensed tannins

A

Proanthocyanidins

29
Q

Consist of flavan-3-ol units linked together by carbon-carbon bonds most often 4-8 4-6

A

Condensed tannins/ proanthocyanidins

30
Q

Condensed tannins occur due to

A

Polymerization condensation reactions between flavonoids

31
Q

Condensed polymers include up to

A

50 monomer units of flavonoids

32
Q

Treatment with acids or enzymes condensed tannins are converted into red insoluble compounds known as

A

Phlobaphenes

33
Q

Phlobaphenes give red color to many drugs such as

A

Red cinnamon bark

34
Q

Condensed tannins on dry distillation yield

A

Catechol derivatives

35
Q

Solubility of condensed tannins

A

Soluble in water

36
Q

Condensed tannins produce what color with ferric chloride FeCl2

A

Green color

37
Q

General test for condensed tannins

A

Match stick test

38
Q

Procedure of match stick test

A

A match stick is dipped in tannin extract followed by HCl and warmed near a flame it turns in pink in colour

39
Q

Upon hydrolysis of the tannins due to HCl what is formed?
Which reacts with the lignin to produce what color?

A

Phloroglucinol
Pink

40
Q

They are compounds of lower molecular weight than true tannins and they do not respond to the goldbeaters skin test

A

Pseudotannins

41
Q

Solubility of tannins

A

Soluble in water, dilute alkalis, alcohoils glycerol and acetone
But generally sparringly soluble in other organic solvents

42
Q

Tannins produce precipitate in this solutions

A

Heavy metals alkaloids glycosides and gelatins

43
Q

Tannins acts as? Because of its antiseptic properties

A

Preservatives

44
Q

Uses of tannins industrially

A

In leather tanning, ink manufacture

45
Q

Uses of tannins medicinally

A

Astringent, haemostatic, antidiarrheal, antidote in alkaloid and heavy metals toxicity

46
Q

Uses of tannins in labs

A

Reagent for detection of proteins alkaloids and heavy metals because of their precipitation

47
Q

SN- witch hazel snapping nut, hazel nut

A

Hamamelis virginiana
Hamamelidaceae

48
Q

Uses of witch hazel

A

Astringent
In hemorrhoidal products
Preparations for treating insect bites and stings and even teething prep

49
Q

SN of Nutgalls

A

From gall wasps
Quercus infectoria
Fagaceae

50
Q

WASP

A

Cynips tinctoria
Cynpidae

51
Q

Constituents of nutgalls

A

Principal constituent - tannic acid 50-70%
Gallic acid 2-4%
Ellagic acid
Starch
Resin

52
Q

Use of nutgall

A

Tanning and in the dying industry formerly for manuf of ink
Medicinally astringent

53
Q

Tannic acid exposure to moisture and air

A

Insoluble products

54
Q

SN of black catechu

A

Heart wood of acacia catechu
Acacia chundra
Leguminosae

55
Q

uses of black catechu

A

Astringents
Treatment of ulcers
Diarrhea
And tanning industries

56
Q

Tannic acid/ Gallotannic acid/tannins

A

Usually obtained from nutgall
Powdered galls are extracted with a mixture of ether alcohol water and the liquid separates into 2 layers
Aqueous gallotannin
Ethereal gallic acid
Gallotanin is evaporated and the tannin purified in various ways

57
Q

Composition of tannin tannic acid gallotannic acid

A

Not a single homogenous compound but is a mixture of esters of gallic acid with glucose whose exact composition varies according to its source

58
Q

Description of tannic acid gallotanic acid tannin

A

Occurs as amorphous powder, glistening scales or spongy masses that are light brown to yellowish white

59
Q

Common use of tannic acid

A

Astringent

60
Q

Chinese galls

A

Rhus chinensis
Anacardiaceae

61
Q

Melaphis chinensis

A

Pemphigidae

62
Q

Aphids

A

Plant lice

Pcog (5 decks)

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