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Pcog > Pcog ,ecture 2 > Flashcards

Pcog ,ecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Source of energy?

A

Carbohydrates

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2
Q

Aldehyde are

A

Aldoses

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3
Q

Ketone are

A

Ketoses

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4
Q

Light energy to chemical energy

A

Photosynthesis

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5
Q

Light reactions are

A

Light dependent that convert electromagnetic energy into chemical energy

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6
Q

Dark reactions

A

Light independent

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7
Q

Dark reactions how

A

Light energy to fix carbon dioxide into sugar

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8
Q

Cycle involved in dark reactions?

A

Calvin cycle

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9
Q

Monosaccharides are?

A

The simplest and the backbone cannot be hydrolyzed to simple sugars

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10
Q

Meaning of oligo

A

Few

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11
Q

Meaning of sacchar

A

Sugar

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12
Q

Polysaccharides are

A

Tasteless and fibrous

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13
Q

D-xylose

A

Wood sugar
Diagnostic agent evaluate intestinal absorption
Not metabolized by mammals
Found in corn cobs and starws
Fda diagnostic agent

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14
Q

D-glucose

A

Grape sugar
Blood sugar

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15
Q

Dextrates

A

Liquid glucose
From hydrolysis of starch
Pharmaceuticals neccesity
Sweetener tanlet binder

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16
Q

Calcium gluconate

A

Calcium salt electrolyte
For intravenous

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17
Q

Calcium gluceptate and calcium levulinate

A

From starch boiling HCL

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18
Q

Ferrous gluconate

A

Hematinic
For anemia

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19
Q

Fructose

A

Levulose
Fruit sugar
Electrolyte replenisher
NaCl injection
Fructose injectioon

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20
Q

Galactose

A

Brain sugar
Lactose and glucose
Produces galactocemia
Detected by mucic acid test

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21
Q

Disaccharides

A

2 monosaccharides after hydrolysis

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22
Q

Sucrose a 1,4

A

Only abundant in the free state of plants
1 gly and fru
Fro. Sugar cane fruit juices sugar beet sap of maple trees

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23
Q

Hydrolysis of sucrose yields

A

Invert sugar

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24
Q

Sucrose reducing or non?

A

Non reducing

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25
Q

Glucose and fructose

A

Sucrose

26
Q

Glucose and glucose

A

Maltose (hydrolysis of starch)

27
Q

Glucose and glucose

A

Cellobiose breakdown of cellulose

28
Q

Glucose and glucose rhodophyceae yeasts

A

Trehalose

29
Q

Glucose and glucose stevioside

A

Sophrose

30
Q

Stevioside

A

Glycone and aglycone

31
Q

Glucose and xylose

A

Primeverose
Hugh conc preservative

32
Q

Lactose

A

Milk sugar
Cows milk
From Bos taurus fam bovidae
Glucose and galactose to lactose
Laxative effect

33
Q

Lactulose

A

Alkaline rearrangement of lactose
Fructose and galactose
Poorly absorbed

34
Q

Trisaccharides

A

3 mono sacc
Raffinose glu galac and fructose

35
Q

Tetrasaccharides

A

Stachyose 2 galac glu fru

36
Q

If a sugar oxidized productis acid

A

Sugar reduced is now sugar alcohol

37
Q

Plant acid

A

Citric acid lactic acid tartaric acid

38
Q

Alcohols

A

Mannitol,sorbitol

39
Q

Cherry juice

A

Succus cerasi
From cherries prunus cerasus
NLT 1% malic acid
Flavored vehicle for acidulous nature

40
Q

Citric acid

A

Isolated by scheele
From lemon lime calamansi ponkan pineapple
Tricarboxylic acid useful buffer
Acidulamt in effervescent formulations

41
Q

Lactic acid

A

From lactic fermentation or synthetic
Accidulamt in infant feeding formula

42
Q

Oxalic acid

A

Ethanedioic acid
Bleaching agent

43
Q

Succinic acid

A

Dicarboxylic acid butane dioic acid
Antibiotics
Prep for foods
Precurrsor for solvent perfume and dye

44
Q

Malic acid

A

Cherry juice
Flavored vehicle

45
Q

Tartaric acid

A

Carboxylic acid
Sub for citric acid
Effervescent formulation

46
Q

Tartaric acid

A

Dicarboxylic acid
By product of the wine industry
Substitutes for citric acid in buffer systems and in effervescent formulations

47
Q

Ferrous fumarate

A

Ant bite
Hematinic agent
Therapeutic dose 200mg 3-4x a day

48
Q

Alcohol

A

92.3% by weight

49
Q

Ethanol

A

94.9% by volume

50
Q

Brandy

A

From wine

51
Q

Whiskey

A

Fermented malted grain

52
Q

Rum

A

Fermented molasses

53
Q

Mannitol

A

Hexahydric alcohol
Laxative
Diagnostic aid osmotic diuretic
From Manna (fraxinus ornus)
Reduction of mannose

54
Q

Sorbitol

A

Hexitol
Half as sweet as sucrose
From ripe berries of mountain ash sorbus aucuparia
Humectant dehydrogenation
Sorbitol and mannitol
For urologic irrigation

55
Q

Saccharin

A

Osmotic laxative

56
Q

Galactitol

A

Galactose
Cataract formation (galactosemia)
Accumulates inside the body

57
Q

Xylitol

A

Xylose sugar
Low calorie sweetener

58
Q

Polysaccharides

A

Homoglycan and heteroglycan

59
Q

Starch and glycogen

A

Inulin

60
Q

Gums and mucilage

A

Pentoses hexoses and uronic acids

61
Q

Glycosides

A

Glycone and aglycone

62
Q

Polysaccharides

A

Polymers of mono
Linkwd together by glycosidic linkages (ether)

Pcog (5 decks)

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