pccol drugs and side-effects but with mnemonics Flashcards
Tricyclic antidepressants mechanism of action
they treat depression by inhibiting serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake, but block acetylcholine and histamine-worsening their side-effect profile
They don’t have any effect on the dopamine transporter
tricyclics examples
DOPAMINE-highlights that they don't act on dopamine DOxepin Protriptyline Amitriptyline Mirtazepine Imipramine Nortriptyline E
tricyclic side effects
TCAS Tired-we use them as sedatives Caution with falls from hypotension, confusion Anticholinergic side effects (ABDUCT) Suicide risk
SSRI side effects
SSRI HARM Sexual dysfuction S Restlessness Insomnia Serotonin Syndrome High temperature, hyperthermia Autonomic instability Rigidity Myoclonus (muscle contractions)
Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitor examples
UPS AFFECT The mnemonic works because SSRI elevates mood as more serotonin gets into brain U Paroxetine Sertraline A Fluoxetine Fluvoxamine Escitalopram Citalopram Titract
Anxiety drugs
benzodiazepines
Busipirone
Gaba analogue-like Pregabalin
dopamine agonist side effects
I Don't Even Care Honey. SIKE Impulse control disorders cardiac fibrosis sleepiness hallucinations excessive daytime sleepiness
Epilepsy definition
is a neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness or convulsions, associated with electrical activity in the brain
convulsion definition
uncontrollable muscle contractions
seizure
electrical disturbances in the brain
traditional seizure drugs
PCs cause seizures
Phenytoin, carbamazepine
these modulate vgccs which can enhance or inhibit activation
Drugs which enhance GABA mediated inhibition for seziures
WOW BENZODIAZEPINES AGAIN CAN BE USED FOR EPILEPSY??
Strategies for antiseizure drugs
modulate vgccs
enhance gaba mediated inhibition
interacting with synaptic release machinary
blocking glutamate receptors like AMPA
How does THC and CBD work to treat epilepsy
I don’t think the mechanisms of actions were elaborated, so the detail is probably not particularly important.
However, CBD could bind onto TRPV1 and GPR55, stimulating the influx of calcium into a presynaptic Gabatergic neuron and this stops postsynaptic neurons from firing.
The THC component could bind onto CB1 channels. CB1 channels are often Gi coupled and are expressed on presynaptic glutamergic and GABA interneurons
Traditional Epilepsy drugs
PACED Phenytoin a Carbamazepine e Divalproex
phenytoin solely controls seizures
Phenytoin exhibits saturable kinetics, meaning that we increase the medication dose and the concentration exponentially increases
thc
binds to CB1. iT IS LIKE ANANDAMIDE
CBD
Anti stress, and causes allosteric inhibition of THC on CB1 inhibitors
Nicotine cessation drugs
ViBeM (Vibing)
Varenicline
Bupropion
Mecamyeline
Varenicline
1) REDUCES CRAVING/ REDUCES SMOKING SATISFACTION
Bupropion, mechanism unknown causes modest reduction in craving. Causes sedation and reduced seizure threshold
Mecamylamine
blocks nicotine reward but no effect on craving-side-effects are significant drowsiness, dizziness and constipation.
Nicotine cessation drugs
ViBeM (Vibing)
Varenicline
Bupropion
Mecamyeline
Bupropion, mechanism unknown causes modest reduction in craving. Causes sedation and reduced seizure threshold
Gabapentin and pregabalin
you MISDD something
firstline treatment for neuropathic pain
gabapentin and pregablin
Pregabalin has has a better pharmacokinetic profile-better absorption, bioavailability, less food consumption.
However pregabalin has dose dependent dizziness, sedation incoordination and memory
Memory Incoordination Sedation Dizziness Dose dependent dizziness
difference between gabapentin and GABA
It does not bind to gaba sites like GABA a or GABA b receptors or benzodiazepine site
gabapentin and stuff binds to alpha 2delta subunits of L, N P/Q type VGCC and reduce VGCC trafficking to the membrane, reduce membrane tethering and VGCC activation
