pccol drugs and side-effects but with mnemonics

Question 1

Tricyclic antidepressants mechanism of action

Answer 1

they treat depression by inhibiting serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake, but block acetylcholine and histamine-worsening their side-effect profile

They don’t have any effect on the dopamine transporter

Question 2

tricyclics examples

Answer 2

DOPAMINE-highlights that they don't act on dopamine
DOxepin
Protriptyline
Amitriptyline
Mirtazepine
Imipramine
Nortriptyline
E

Question 3

tricyclic side effects

Answer 3

TCAS
Tired-we use them as sedatives
Caution with falls from hypotension, confusion
Anticholinergic side effects (ABDUCT)
Suicide risk

Question 4

SSRI side effects

Answer 4

SSRI HARM
Sexual dysfuction
S
Restlessness
Insomnia
Serotonin Syndrome
High temperature, hyperthermia
Autonomic instability
Rigidity
Myoclonus (muscle contractions)

Question 5

Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitor examples

Answer 5

UPS AFFECT
The mnemonic works because SSRI elevates mood as more serotonin gets into brain
U
Paroxetine
Sertraline
A
Fluoxetine
Fluvoxamine
Escitalopram
Citalopram
Titract

Question 6

Anxiety drugs

Answer 6

benzodiazepines
Busipirone
Gaba analogue-like Pregabalin

Question 7

dopamine agonist side effects

Answer 7

I Don't Even Care Honey. SIKE
Impulse control
disorders
cardiac fibrosis
sleepiness
hallucinations
excessive daytime sleepiness

Question 8

Epilepsy definition

Answer 8

is a neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness or convulsions, associated with electrical activity in the brain

Question 9

convulsion definition

Answer 9

uncontrollable muscle contractions

Question 10

seizure

Answer 10

electrical disturbances in the brain

Question 11

traditional seizure drugs

Answer 11

PCs cause seizures
Phenytoin, carbamazepine

these modulate vgccs which can enhance or inhibit activation

Question 12

Drugs which enhance GABA mediated inhibition for seziures

Answer 12

WOW BENZODIAZEPINES AGAIN CAN BE USED FOR EPILEPSY??

Question 13

Strategies for antiseizure drugs

Answer 13

modulate vgccs
enhance gaba mediated inhibition
interacting with synaptic release machinary
blocking glutamate receptors like AMPA

Question 14

How does THC and CBD work to treat epilepsy

Answer 14

I don’t think the mechanisms of actions were elaborated, so the detail is probably not particularly important.

However, CBD could bind onto TRPV1 and GPR55, stimulating the influx of calcium into a presynaptic Gabatergic neuron and this stops postsynaptic neurons from firing.

The THC component could bind onto CB1 channels. CB1 channels are often Gi coupled and are expressed on presynaptic glutamergic and GABA interneurons

Question 15

Traditional Epilepsy drugs

Answer 15

PACED
Phenytoin
a
Carbamazepine
e
Divalproex

phenytoin solely controls seizures
Phenytoin exhibits saturable kinetics, meaning that we increase the medication dose and the concentration exponentially increases

Question 16

thc

Answer 16

binds to CB1. iT IS LIKE ANANDAMIDE

Question 17

CBD

Answer 17

Anti stress, and causes allosteric inhibition of THC on CB1 inhibitors

Question 18

Nicotine cessation drugs

Answer 18

ViBeM (Vibing)
Varenicline
Bupropion
Mecamyeline

Varenicline
1) REDUCES CRAVING/ REDUCES SMOKING SATISFACTION

Bupropion, mechanism unknown causes modest reduction in craving. Causes sedation and reduced seizure threshold

Mecamylamine
blocks nicotine reward but no effect on craving-side-effects are significant drowsiness, dizziness and constipation.

Question 19

Nicotine cessation drugs

Answer 19

ViBeM (Vibing)
Varenicline
Bupropion
Mecamyeline

Bupropion, mechanism unknown causes modest reduction in craving. Causes sedation and reduced seizure threshold

Question 20

Gabapentin and pregabalin

you MISDD something

Answer 20

firstline treatment for neuropathic pain
gabapentin and pregablin
Pregabalin has has a better pharmacokinetic profile-better absorption, bioavailability, less food consumption.
However pregabalin has dose dependent dizziness, sedation incoordination and memory

Memory
Incoordination
Sedation 
Dizziness
Dose dependent dizziness

Question 21

difference between gabapentin and GABA

Answer 21

It does not bind to gaba sites like GABA a or GABA b receptors or benzodiazepine site

gabapentin and stuff binds to alpha 2delta subunits of L, N P/Q type VGCC and reduce VGCC trafficking to the membrane, reduce membrane tethering and VGCC activation