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828 Dosage Forms > PCC - Vital Signs > Flashcards

PCC - Vital Signs Flashcards

1
Q

BMI

A

Body Mass Index

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2
Q

BP

A

Blood Pressure

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3
Q

BPM

A

Beats Per Minute

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4
Q

CV

A

Cardiovascular

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5
Q

DBP

A

Diastolic Blood Pressure

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6
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension

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7
Q

mmHg

A

Millimeters of mercury

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8
Q

RPM

A

Respirations per minute

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9
Q

SBP

A

Systolic Blood Pressure

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10
Q

General Assessment

A
  • The “first impression”
  • Assesses the patient as a whole
  • Gives an initial impression of the patient’s health
  • Physical parameters evaluate several bodysystems
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11
Q

FAST

A
  • F: Face drooping
  • A: Arm Weakness
  • S: Speech
  • T: Time to Call 9-1-1
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12
Q

Body Mass Index

A
  • BMI= weight (kg)/height (m2)

- BMI= [weight (lb)/height (in2)] x 703

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13
Q

Medications Affecting Weight: Weight Gain

A

Steroids
Antipsychotics
Antidepressants
Diabetes Medications

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14
Q

Medications Affecting Weight: Weight Loss

A

ADHD medications
Antidepressants
Diabetes Medications

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15
Q

Edema

A
  • fluid leaking into the tissue
  • chronic edema (heart function, kidney function, liver function, medications)
  • acute edema (inflammation, injury, diet, blood clot/obstruction, pregnancy, medications)
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16
Q

SCHOLAR

A

symptoms, characteristics, history, onset, location, aggravating factors, remitting factors

17
Q

When to Refer a Fever

A

Adults and Children (above 24 months old)
≥ 104°F
≥ 100.4°F plus nonresponsive to medication and lasts longer than 3 days
≥ 100.4°F and symptomatic

18
Q

Adult Pulse

A

60-100

19
Q

Systolic Blood Pressure

A

maximum pressure on the arteries during contraction of the left ventricle (regulated by stroke volume)

20
Q

Diastolic Blood Presssure

A

resting pressure between ventricle contractions

21
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

SBP- DBP

22
Q

Mid-BP

A

average of SBP and DBP

23
Q

Mean Arterial Pressure

A

1/3 SBP + 2/3 DBP

24
Q

Auscultatory Technique

A

Traditional Method
Brachial artery occluded to stop blood flow
Stethoscope to detect appearance and disappearance of Korotkoff sounds
Error prone

25
Q

Oscillometric Technique

A

“Automatic cuff”
Read based on amplitude of oscillations recorded in the lateral walls of the upper arm
Software in a device

26
Q

Five Phases of Korotkoff Sounds

A 
Phase I: faint and clear tapping (systolic)
Phase II: Swooshing sound
Phase III: More intense, crisp tapping
Phase IV: Muffled sound
Phase V: Sound stops (diastolic)
27
Q 
BP Category: 
-Normal
-Elevated
Hypertension
-Stage 1
-Stage 2
A
  • <120 mm Hg and <80 mm Hg
  • 120-129 mm Hg and <80 mm Hg
  • 130-139 mm Hg and 80-89 mm Hg
  • > = 140 mm Hg and >=90 mm Hg
28
Q

24 hour ambulatory blood pressure

A

BP recorded automatically over period of 24 hours
May have stronger association with hypertension-related organ damage than office BP
More comprehensive than office BP measurements
Can identify BP patterns (sustained, white-coat, masked, nocturnal, nondipping, reverse-dipping)
Can help select management techniques

Limited by availability and cost

Take a reading every 15 or 30 minutes over 24 hours
Need to include nocturnal readings

29
Q

White Coat Hypertension

A

Higher blood pressure measurement in an office setting

30
Q

Orthostatic Hypotension

A

Associated with risk for fracture, syncope, and mortality

31
Q

Hypertensive Crisis

A

SBP > 180 mm HG and/ or DBP > 120 mm Hg

32
Q

Hypertensive Emergency

A

SBP > 180 mm HG and/ or DBP > 120 mm Hg AND target organ damage

33
Q

Complications from Disease Progression

A

Increased cardiovascular risk
In 2010, high BP was the leading cause of death and disability-adjusted life years worldwide
In the United States, hypertension accounted for more CVD deaths than any other modifiable CVD risk factor
Second only to cigarette smoking as a preventable cause of death for any reason

34
Q

Medications that elevate blood pressure

A 
Alcohol
Caffeine  
Decongestants – pseudoephedrine 
NSAIDS
Herbal Supplements 
Oral Contraceptives
35
Q

Lifestyle Changes to Impact Blood Pressure

A
  • Weight loss: IBW as goal: 1 mm Hg for every 1 kg reduction in body weight
  • DASH dietary plan: Diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains: -11 mm Hg
  • Reduced dietary sodium: <1,500mg per day: -6 mm Hg
  • Increased dietary potassium: 3500-5000 mg/day: -5 mm Hg
  • Physical Activity: 150 minutes per week: -8 mm Hg
  • Moderation in alcohol: <1 drink per day for women, <2 drinks per day for men: -4 mmHg

828 Dosage Forms (8 decks)

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