patterns and trends in offending (gender)

Question 1

males account for what percentage of arrests

Answer 1

85%

Question 2

In 2017, what percentage of prosecuted defendants were male?

Answer 2

74%

Question 3

for serious crimes, what percentage for males and females recieved prison sentences?

Answer 3

• 34% for males
• 20% for females

Question 4

What percentage of the prison population is male?

Answer 4

95%

Question 5

What percentage of convicted murderes are male?

Answer 5

90%

Question 6

30% of all female prosecutions are for …

Answer 6

TV license evasion

Question 7

38% of all female prosecutions are for…

Answer 7

shoplifting

Question 8

Out of the parents prosecuted for truency, what percentage were female?

Answer 8

72%

Question 9

intersection of age and gender

Answer 9

• 1/3 of men have been convicted of a crime by the age of 35 compared with 8% for females
• the peak age for female offending is 15 but for men it is 18

Question 10

intersection of gender and class

Answer 10

Poutney obsevres that female offenders are more likely to be claiming benefits. Thus suggesting that deprivation may shape womens criminality.

Question 11

labelling - Becker

why might the data be innacurate?

Answer 11

women escape detection as the police do not label women as potential offenders

Question 12

Chivalry thesis

why might the data be innacurate?

Answer 12

patriarchal assumption that women are weak and in need of protection

However feminists like Klein argue that this is racist and classist as black and w/c women are not treated with chivalry

Question 13

Heidenson 1989

Answer 13

Women that deviate from traditional standards of femininity are treated more harshly than young mothers for example

Question 14

Heidenson - malestream crimonology

Answer 14

Traditional criminology has largely ignored women and focused eclusively on men:
1. male dominance of offenders
2. male dominance of sociology
3. vicarious identification
4. sociological theorising

Question 15

differences

Answer 15

• historically, victimisation rates have been lower for women then for men
• current rates are similar for both geners but the type of crime differs
• more women fear crime
• the ICS found that women’s fear has led to a self-imposed curfew

Question 16

types of crime

Answer 16

• 2/3 of homocide victims in the UK are male
• males are more likely to be murdered by strangers
• females more likely to be murdered by partner
• females more likely to bee victims of sexual or domestic abuse
• the CPS estimate that 90% of rapes go unreported

Question 17

Young - meaning of a punch

Answer 17

• crime and deviant behaviour are socially constructed and interpreted
• the same act (such as a punch) can have different meanings dependingon the social construct, the people involved anf the interpretation by society
• crime is a relative concept

Question 18

interpretation of violence and gender

Answer 18

• violence between men is often normalised
• indicative of gendered power

Question 19

genderred perceptions of victimhood

Answer 19

• men might be expected to toughen up
• men and women might be blamed for putting themselves in danger

Question 20

responses to violence based on gender

Answer 20

victims of domestic violences experiences are often downplayed

Question 21

Hanmer and Saunders

Answer 21

found 20% of women in a street in Leeds had been sexually assulted and not reported it

Question 22

Stanko

Answer 22

over a 24 hour period, an incidence of domestic violence was recorded every second

Question 23

Walklate - repeat victimisation

Answer 23

many women remain in abusive relationships and dont report it because:
- they have nowhere to go
- children involved
- lack of economic independance
- shortage of safe shelters