Patrones de Herencia Flashcards

1
Q

Patrones de Herencia

A

Monogénicos o mendelianos
Multifactoriales

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2
Q

Patrones monogénicos o mendelianos

A

Monogénicos
Ligados a X
Mitocondriales

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3
Q

Autosómicos

A

Afectan del cromosoma 1-22

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4
Q

Ligados a X

A

Afectan cromosoma X

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5
Q

Mitocondriales

A

No ADN nuclear, sino mitocondrial

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6
Q

Genotipo

A

Genes que tienen

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7
Q

Fenotipo

A

Lo que se ve

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8
Q

Haplotipo

A

Los alelos que tiene un gen, variaciones del mismo gen

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9
Q

Heterogenicidad Locus

A

diferentes genes causan misma enfermedad.
Ej. Distrofias musculares

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10
Q

Heterogenicidad alelos

A

Diferentes aleleos en el mismo gen misma enfermedad.
Ej. Fibrosis Quísitca
siempre el gen FCTR

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11
Q

Homocigoto

A

2 alelos IGUALES mutados o sanos para el mismo gen

enf recesivas

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12
Q

Heterocigoto

A

2 alelos diferentes:
- uno normal
- uno mutado

enf dominantes

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13
Q

Alelo silvestre

A

Alelo en la mayor cantidad de gente a nivel mundial

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14
Q

Heterocigoto compuesto

A

2 alelos diferentes y ambos están mutados, no hay normal o silvestre

Enf. recesivas

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15
Q

Hemicigoto

A

SOLO HOMBRES
alelo mutado en el cromosoma X

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16
Q

Penetrancia

A

Tener síntomas de la enfermedad

17
Q

Penetrancia completa

A

mayoría de enfermedades recesivas

18
Q

Expresividad

A

Severidaad de mis síntomas

19
Q

pENETRANCIA VARIABLE

A

No presenta todos los síntomas

20
Q

Dominante

A

UN alelo y ese causa enfermedad

21
Q

Rcesivo

A

Necesita DOS alelos para causar enfermedad

22
Q

Dominante incompleto

A

Dependiendo de cuantos genes tenga va a ser la severidad