Patrol Procedures Flashcards
What are the objectives of patrol (5)
To preserve the peace by mere presence and by proper action
To prevent crime by opportunity reduction: duty to prevent
To suppress crime by timely response to crimes in progress and by properly investigating offenses
To apprehend susupects
to regulate non-criminal conduct bu obtaining and maintaining good Ofc-citizen relationships to protect life and property
What is protection*
Prevention of crime is the soundest of all criminologist theories
What is service in importance of patrol
To the community of which each peace Ofc is a part
What are the 2 elements of shift meeting
Duty assignment Related circumstances (warrants, stolen property/vehs, hazardous situations, special events)
What are the elements of beat characteristics the Ofc should know early on in shift
Area, socio-economic and geographic characteristic
Conditions
Crime hazards
Crimes in the area
Knowledge of the beat (streets and blocks)
It increases probability of on-cite arrest and Ofc safety
What do you check for equipment readiness
Veh, weapons, radio, fire and first-aid gear, ect.
Report or replace what is needed
What is cover
Being hidden and protected by the barrier (brick wall, veh engine, ect)
What is concealment
Being hidden but NOT protected (shrubs, bushes)
What makes a safe foot approach
Awareness of cover/concealment
Ofc-suspect approaches
What makes a safe veh approach
Positioning of vehicle, lighting, ect
Define silhouetting and the 6 reasons why you don’t do it
Placing yourself, others or your patrol unit in a position so as to provide the suspect(s)
with a definite identifiable target.
• Provides suspect(s) with knowledge of how many officers are present, fire power, and
approach.
• Allows suspect(s) to plan course of action.
• Attempt to select location for vehicle stop.
• Back-up units secure headlights, reds and ambers upon approach of primary unit.
• Hold flashlight well in front and away from body. Do not point toward other officers.
• Do not stand in doorways and hallways or peer openly through broken or otherwise open
windows.
What are 6 telltale noises
- Vehicle, engine
- Parking unit too close to scene
- Radio volume too loud
- Seat belts/pop the buckle
- Letting unit door slam shut
- Equipment, i.e. radio, keys, whistles, baton, handcuffs, portable radio
What do you do about suspects hands
• Demand suspect place hands in front of him/her and turn palms up.
• Do not allow subject to put hands in pockets.
• Possibly hiding contraband (evidence) in pockets, weapon, and/or identifiable marks,
scars, or tattoos.
• If hands are already in pockets, do not allow removal.
• Situational discretion needed - suspect to turn head away and/or kneel or lay on ground
before checking for weapon.
What type of hazards do you report
• Roadway hazards, dead animals, animals on roadway, traffic control devices, crime
hazards.
• Contact appropriate authorities, depending upon the type of hazard, as soon as possible.
What are the 2 types of problem area patrols
- Preventive patrol -
Preventive enforcement: conduct property checks, question suspicious persons, vary patrol patterns and predictability and maintain high visibility. Selective patrol: deals with specific problems or violations, so be aware of the problem,
the location, and the time of day that the problems usually occur. - Apprehension patrol:
• Low visibility and surveillance
What are the 6 different patrol modes and advantages
1 Bike: can get places where car can’t
2 Motorcycle: quick response, traffic/escorts
3 Foot: good community relation/interaction, know beat
4 Automobile: speed, mobility, protection for ofc
5 Fixed wing and helicopter: cover large areas from sky
6 Mounted: person-to-person contact, good community relations, good for crowds
What are the advantages of one-Ofc patrol? (5)
- Having twice as many patrol vehicles on the street doubles preventive enforcement.
- When the officer is alone, more attention is devoted to patrol functions and duties.
- An officer alone develops self-reliance, rather than depending on a partner for backup.
- A lone officer in a patrol vehicle takes fewer chances.
- Personality clashes are reduced
What are the advantages of riding 2-man (5)
- Greater safety factor.
- Can be used as a training aid for the correction of officer mistakes.
- Share driving duties.
- Two pairs of eyes are better than one.
- One officer can operate the radio while the other drives.
What is the def of skilled observer
one who is able to take in everything around a given situation and then sort out
the relevant from the irrelevant.
what are the 6 observation skills
- See everything there is to see and take it in quickly and accurately
- Look for clues in situations
- Learn own beat area
- Be aware of everything around you constantly
- Draw conclusions about what you see
- Catalog what you see for possible future use also
Proper ped stop is when a ped is doing what 4 things
- Carrying something suspicious
- Acting strangely
- Staying in the same place
- Stopping other people on the street.
Where is the proper place to do a ped stop (5)
- Note escape routes
- Gauge number of people that could be hurt
- Place where least number of hostages possible
- Gauge officer safety
- Report location to dispatcher.
How do you perform a ped stop (2)
• Use effective verbal communications
• Approach carefully: maintain visual contact with suspicious person, approach on right
side since most people are right-handed, watch for furtive movements or attempts to flee,
establish early eye contact, and be aware of surroundings.
what are the 3 case laws dealing with ped stops
- Michigan v Chesternut, 486 U.S. 567, 108 S. Ct. 1975 (1988)
- California v Hodari, D., 111 S. Ct. 1547 (1991)
- Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S.1 (1968)
What are the 4 techniques to do when 1 Ofc interviews 1 suspect
• Field interview position recommends the officer to place gun side away and stand
approximately one arm’s length or more from the person. Depending upon the situation
and the size and disposition of the person, the officer may want to use discretion in
positioning.
• The “gun hand” should remain free when practical
• Maintain overall observation of the person
• Be aware of surroundings
What are the 4 techniques to do when 1 Ofc interviews 2+ suspects
• Assume the recommended field interview position and speak to the person to be
interviewed
• Stand in a safe position where persons can be restrained if necessary
• Maintain overall observation of persons
• Move as necessary to prevent persons from closing in or surrounding officer
What are the 3 techniques to do when 2 Ofc interviews 1 suspects
• The officer initiating the contact should exercise all the precautions noted above
• The second officer should take position to the right or left rear of the person being
interviewed (avoid cross-fire situation)
• One officer should take lead in gathering information.
What are the 2 techniques to do when 2 Ofc interviews 2+ suspects
• The officer initiating the contact should proceed as previously described
• The second officer assumes a position, which allows maximum visibility of the persons,
avoid lengthy conversations, which would detract from safety awareness, and
communicate any observations of threat or hazard to the primary officer
field inquiry is used to learn what about people (4)
- Subject’s reaction to inquiry.
- How people react to questioning by police.
- Personal contact with citizens opens relationships for future information.
- Puts officer on one-to-one basis with public.
What vital info should Ofc know (4)
The people in the area personally know the officer.
• The officer learns the socio-economic make-up of the people in the area.
• The officer learns where people work and becomes aware of who the store clerks are,
what time they travel to and from work, and what types of vehicle they drive.
• People observe and know many things and will tell a good officer who has developed
proper rapport through field inquiry.
what type of things should Ofc look out for in beat (9)
- Houses, buildings and stores have specific observable characteristics.
- A light on in a building, where none has been before.
- No attendant at cash register in convenience store.
- An open or broken window of closed business or home.
- Suspicious persons in alley or other area where no one usually goes.
- Broken or missing lock on gate.
- A light out over a rear or side entrance to a closed building.
- Vehicles parked in alley or area where none is usually parked.
- Tire tracks across lawn to back of building.
What are the 7 steps in violator contact
- Greeting and ID agency
- Statement of violation committed
- ID the driver and chk veh and violator
- Statement of action to be taken
- Take that action
- Explain what the violator must do
- Leave
Review high-risk stops in book
24.5.2
What are the safe response procedures for in-progress calls (6)
• Never a “routine” call
• Safety in approach: driving/vehicle operation policies, watching for fleeing suspects.
• Danger cues: observe layout of situation, observe suspects, awareness of suspect v.
victims.
• Adhere to department policy - communicate with dispatcher.
• Communicate and cooperate with other officers - radio, verbal signals, and hand signals.
• Department policy - waiting for back up.
What’s the procedures for building search
• Notify dispatch
• Request backup
• Secure point of entry
• Secure other exits
• Request dispatcher to notify property owner to advise location of office, safe, cash
register
• Leave enough officers outside to secure perimeter
• At least two officers should enter the building to make search.
• Search should be based on all knowledge available.
• Backup team covers search team as they enter the building and then guards the place of
entry/exits providing any help possible
• Members of search team should be aware of other members and their location
• Search the premises using the “leap frog” techniques (one officer covering the other as
they move from place to place)
• The team should stay together and search each room thoroughly before moving to the
next room. Each room searched should be secured or under observation if possible
• In most cases, the team should leave the suspect(s) an opportunity to leave the building -
a trapped intruder may start shooting
what are the safety procedures during a bomb threat (3)
- Determine make up and population of area threatened.
- Determine if evacuation is necessary.
- Secure area, control entry of unauthorized persons.
what are the proper techniques during a bomb threat
• What are possible types of device-size, makeup, mechanical, electrical-may be obtained
from initial report? What to look for
• Identify common types of bombs or suspicious objects that could be bombs.
• Solicit information from individuals that would be familiar with the area and what would
be out of the ordinary/suspicious.
• Search for bomb using proper techniques-turn all radios off within 500 feet of search
area, do not touch anything that looks suspicious.
• If a device or suspicious object is found evacuate the immediate area and call specialized
assistance. Do not move the device!