Hazmat Flashcards
What is the definition of Hazardous Material
A substance or material capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, or property when transported in commerce
OR
A hazard class is a group of hazardous materials that share dangerous characteristics
What are the types of hazardous materials (3)
Toxic
Infectious
Ionizing radiation
What are the types of ionizing radiation
Alpha Beta Gamma X-ray Neutron
What are the 4 routes of exposure
Inhalation
Absorption
Ingestion
Injection
Name 6 toxic materials
o Toxic Industrial Materials/Toxic Industrial Chemicals
o Agricultural Chemicals (pesiticides, insecticides, etc.)
o Chemical Warfare Agents (nerve agents, vesicants)
o Other Chemical Agents (riot control, irritants, etc.)
o Biological Toxins (Ricin, botulinum toxin, etc.)
o Describe differences between acute and chronic exposures
Define infectious materials
Human Pathogens
o Plant and Animal Pathogens (instructor should explain economic significance and
need for avoiding the spread of plant and animal pathogens)
o Principals of Infection Control
What are human pathogens
(define “pathogen” as a “disease-causing organism”)
Bacteria (examples include anthrax [Bacillus anthracis], plague [Yersinia
pestis], etc.)
Viruses (Smallpox [Variola Major], Bird Flu [H5N1], etc.)
What describes inhalation
aerosols (dry/wet particles that behave like gas)
Respirable size range
What 3 ways can you absorb soemthing
skin
eyes
mucous membranes (nostrils, lips, ect.)
What are the 2 ways for ingestion
Primary (eating/drinking)
Secondary (transferring contaminated product to mouth)
What are 3 ways to inject something
Puncture
Cut/abrasion
Insect/pest
Terminology for basic toxicology
o Threshold Limit Value (TLV)
o Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH)
o Lethal Concentration (LC50)
o Lethal Dose (LD50)
o Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Terminology
What are the health impacts from Hazmat (5)
Death Temporary impairment Permanent disability Psychological stress Post Traumatic Stress Disorders
What are the property and environment impacts (4)
Damage to potable water sources
Loss of productive lands
Loss/destruction of food products
Inability to occupy or inhabit structures
What are the infrastructure impacts
Disruption of traffic and other modes of transportation
Budget and resource strains on government and commercial entities
Reduction in available services
Overwhelmed health care system
What are the on-site warnings and indicators
Shipping manifests
Placards (use group activity or homework to reinforce placard reading skills)
Labels
What are the on-site interviews
Driver, others involved in transportation of materials
Witnesses
Victims
What are the on-site communications
Texas Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (TLETS)
Shipper at point-of-origin
What does NIMS stand for
National Incident Management System Purpose is (HSPD-5)
What are the components of NIMS
o Command and Management o Preparedness o Resource Management o Communications and Information Management o Supporting Technologies o Ongoing Maintenance and Management
What does ICS stand for
Incident command system
What is the initial assessment and response at an incident
Observations (Odors, noises, wind direction, placards, signs, etc.)
Assessment (Hazard level, casualties, need for additional resources, etc.)
Plan (Response, exit strategy, precautions, etc.)
Communicate (Dispatch, casualties, good Samaritans, etc.)
Respond (Establish perimeter, first aid, enable ICS, etc.)
Why do you remove citizens from the affected area
Limit spread of contamination when moving people that are potentially contaminated
Establish safe travel routes for the public
Enforce perimeter security
How do you minimize health hazard from responders
Stay outside of designated perimeter
Remain upwind
Wait for qualified assistance
What are the 4 levels (explain uniform for each)
Level D (uniform, gloves, mask, etc.) Level C (air-purifying respirator, chemical resistant clothing, double-layered gloves, etc.) Level B (SCBA + Level C) Level A (fully-encapsulated)
What are the guide lines for LE
Limitations of PPE availability and safe use
Safe donning and doffing of Nitrile gloves and particulate/droplet mask
Practical decontamination
Time, distance/direction, and shielding/barriers
What are the steps to decontaminate
“End the Exposure!” o Remove o Dilute o Absorb Neutralize Isolate
