Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Study > Patología Biocontroladores y Repro > Flashcards

Patología Biocontroladores y Repro Flashcards

1
Q

Adenohypophysis type of cells

A

Somatotropes, lactotropes, corticotropes, tyrotropes, gonadotropes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most frequent cause of hypophysis disorders

A

Hypophysis adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Transcription factors associated with hypophysis disorders

A

PIT1, SF1, TPIT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Most common type of adenoma

A

Prolactinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Second most common adenoma

A

Non-functional adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Recap of thyroid hormone effects

A

Increases basal metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is defined by the hyperfunction of the thyroid gland

A

Hyperthyriodism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Three main causes of hyperthyroidism

A

Graves disease, multinodular goiter, adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Main clinical manifestations in hyperthyroidism and why

A

Cardiac, oxigen need is increased so contractibility and cardiac output increase too

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Other hyperthyroidism clinical manifestations

A

excessive activity of the SNS, oftalmopathy, osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Diagnosis of hyperthyroidism

A

Low levels of TSH (since high levels of T4 will inhibit its secretion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most common cause of hypothyroidism in LATAM

A

Hashimoto

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Most common cause of congetic hypothyroidism

A

Iodine deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diagnosis of hypothyroidism

A

Elevated TSH in primary hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thyroiditis

A

Thyroid inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pathophysiology of Hashimoto

A

Ab against TGB and TPO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most common cause of hyperfunctional hypophysis adenoma (30% of cases)

A

Lactotrope adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Histological identification of lactotrope adenoma

A

Dystrophic calcification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Histological classification of somatotrope adenomas

A

Abundant granulation and scarce, or mixed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cushing disease is due to

A

An excessive production of ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A condition always shown in hypophysis adenoma

A

Craneovertebral metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Posterior hypophysis syndromes

A

Insipid diabetes and SIADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are two hypothalamic suprasellar tumors

A

Gliomas and craneofaringiomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Craneofaringiomas histological variants

A

Adamantinomatous or papillar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
How are suprarrenal cortez diseases divided
Whether they are hypofunction or hyperfunction
25
Three syndromes of corticosuprarrenal hyperfunction
Cushing syndrome, hyperaldosteronism, adrenogenitals
26
Most common case of endogenous hypercortisolism
Hypophysary adenomas productors of ACTH
27
Diagnosis of cushing syndrome
Low levels of ACTH + high levels of cortisol
28
in what situations of ACTH supression can a bilateral cortical atrophia be identified
exogenous glucocorticoids
29
Most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism
Bilateral nodular hyperplasia of suprarrenal glands
30
What is Conn's syndrome
Corticosuprarrenal neoplasia producer of aldosterone
31
Long-term effects caused by hyperaldosteronism
Cardiovascular damage, hypokalemia,
32
what is waterhouse-friderichsen's syndrom
Loss of function of suprarrenal glands caused by septicemia that causes hypotension, which progresses to circulatory shock
33
what is addison's disease
Hypocortisolism defined by autoimmune suprarrenalitis where ab attack steroidgenesis' enzymes
34
type of thyroiditis that mimics a thyroid carcinom
thyroiditis of riedel
35
clinic triad of graves disease
hyperthyroidism, oftalmopathy, infiltrating dermatopathy
36
protein found in 90% of patients with graves disease
thyroid stimulating Ig (TSI)
37
genes usually altered in graves disease
HLA-DR3, CTLA4, and PTPN22
38
histomorphology of graves disease
hypertrophy and difuse hyperplasia, papilla, pale thyroid, prominent germinal centers
39
difference between hot and cold thyroid nodules
hot nodules capture iodine, so they have a greater chance of being benign
40
main genetic mutations in thyroid adenoma
RAS or PIK3CA
41
Histomorphology of thyroid adenoma
Solid and defined capsule, fibrosis, calcification
42
Most common thyroid carcinoma
Papillar carcinoma (85%)
43
Main risk factor for thyroid cancer predisposition
ionizing radiation
44
main mutations that papillar carcinomas present
RET or BRAF, from the MAPK pathway
45
morphology of papillar carcinoma
could be both solitary or multiple, fibrosis, calcification, cystic areas, nucleous have a disperse cromatine, psamona corpses
46
genetic mutations associated with follicular carcinomas
adquired mutations activating RAS or PI-3K/AKT, loss of function of PTEN
47
Morphology of follicular carcinoma
solitary nodes, capsule infiltration, central fibrosis, calcification, hurtle cells
48
mortality rate of anaplasic carcinomas
100% lethal
49
what makes anaplasic carcinomas so lethal
highly agressive with cervical mass that grows rapidly and it can obstruct the airway
50
which cells in the medullar carcinoma derived of
parafollicular cells / or C cells
51
hormone that is secreted by medullar carcinomas
calcitonin
52
Main histology components of medullar parathyroid carcinomas
hemorrhage, necrosis, amiloid deposits, C cells hyperplasia
53
Most common congenic malformation of the thyroid gland
Thyroglossal duct cyst
54
Main causes of hyperparathyroidism
Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma
55
Age and gender of prevalence of hyperparathyroidism
Women over 50 years old
56
Molecular defects implied on parathyroid carcinoma
Ciclin D1 overexpression, MEN1 mutation
57
What color are parathyroid adenomas
Red-brownish
58
Anomalies directly related with hyperparathyroidism
Nephrolitiasis and bone disease
59
What is the main cause of secundary hyperparathyroidism
Chronic hypocalcemia
60
What parts can simple herpes virus affect
Cervix, vagina y vulva
61
Common infections in female genitilia
candida albicans, trichomonas vaginallis, garderella vaginallis
62
union point name between ectocervix and endocervix
escamocolumnar union
63
low risk type VPH
6 and 11
64
high risk type VPH
16 and 18
65
histological identification of VPH lesions
bigger nucleous, hypercromasia, perinuclear citoplasmic halo
66
what is the world's third most common type of cancer for women
cervicouterine cancer
67
In which cells does VPH virus replication occur
Mature squamous cells
68
Most common histological subtype of cervical carcinoma
Epidermoid carcinoma
69
Most common cause of disfunctional hemorrhage
Anovulation
70
Why is there more estrogen production in endometriosis and adenomiosis
The ectopic endometrial tissue produces more estrogen
71
What happens after a prolonged estrogenic stimulation on the endometrio
Endometrial hyperplasia
72
Common altered gene in endometrial hyperplasia
PTEN
73
Most frecuent invasive carcinoma of female genitalia
endometrium carcinoma
74

Study (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions