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LNHA > Patient/Resident Care > Flashcards

Patient/Resident Care Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is a safe generalization about aging?

A

Aging is highly individualized

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2
Q

Professionals who study aging and are normally not physicians are called

A

Gerontologists

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3
Q

The progessive loss of cortical neurons (brain cells) and brain weight means that older persons

A

Are unaffected by the loss

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4
Q

Aging is a graadual decline of at least some of the systems in teh body, which proceed

A

At different rates in different indivdiuals

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5
Q

According to Leonard Hayflick’s theory aging occurs because of

A

A limit of about 50 divisions for certain key groups of cells in humans

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6
Q

According to the autoimmune response theory of aging, “copying errors’ in repeated cell divisions result in cells that are progressively not recognized by the body, leading to

A

Triggering the immune system to attack these cells

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7
Q

Physicians who specialize in treating older persons are

A

Geriatricians

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8
Q

A physician who diagnoses and treats diseases of the brain, nervous system, and spinal cord is a

A

Neurologist

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9
Q

A technician, not a physician, trained to grind lenses and to fit them as an

A

Optician

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10
Q

A dentist who specializes in the extraction of teeth is an

A

Oral surgeon

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11
Q

A physician who specializes in diagnostic procedures and treatment of nonsurgical cases is known as an

A

Internist

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12
Q

A physician who specializes in examination of body tissues under laboratory conditions is known as a

A

Pathologist

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13
Q

A physician who specializes in physical medicine, body movements, and conditioning is known as a

A

Phsysiatrist

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14
Q

A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders is known as

A

Psychiatrist

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15
Q

A physician specializing in the use of x ray and similar medical diagnostic machines is known as a

A

Radiologiest

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16
Q

A psychiatrist who specialized in the use of psychoanalytic techniques of therapy is known as a

A

Psychoanalysit

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17
Q

A physician specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of the large intestine, particularly the rectum is known as a

A

Proctologist

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18
Q

A physician specializing in treatment of the kidney and bladder is known as a

A

Urologist

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19
Q

A physician who specializes in the treatment of arthritic diseases is known as a/an

A

Rheumatologist

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20
Q

A physician specializing in the treatment of the lungs is known as

A

Pulmonologist

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21
Q

A physician who diagnoses and treats eye diseases and disorders, performs eye surgery, refracts the eyes, and prescribes corrective eyeglasses and lenses is known as

A

Ophthalmologist

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22
Q

Induces vomiting: fro example warm salt water

A

Emetic

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23
Q

Destroys tissue by local application; for example silver nitrate

A

Caustic

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24
Q

Expands or dilates blood vessels

A

Vasodilators

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25
Q

Reduces pain; for example aspirin

A

Analgesic

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26
Q

Used in treatment of anemia; for example liver extract

A

Antianeic

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27
Q

Helps raise blood pressure

A

Hypertensive

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28
Q

Stimulates elimination of urine, often used with medications prescribed to reduce hypertension, for example thiomirin

A

Diuretic

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29
Q

Slows down growth of bacteria but does not kill all of the bacteria, for example hydrogen peroxide

A

Antisieptic

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30
Q

Used to induce coughing; and agent that increases bronchial secretion and facilitates its expulsion; for example robotussin

A

Expectorant

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31
Q

Destroys microorganisms in the body; for example penicillin

A

Antibiotic

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32
Q

Laxatives, purgatives, inducing bowel movements; for example cascara sagrada

A

Cathartic

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33
Q

Destroys pathogenic organism; for example, zepharin chloride

A

Disinfectant

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34
Q

Used to induce perspiration

A

Diaphoretic

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35
Q

Relieves smooth muscle contraction; for example diazepam (Valium)

A

Antispasmodic

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36
Q

Causes the blood vessels to narrow or constrict

A

Vasoconstrictor

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37
Q

Decreases clotting of the blood

A

Anticoagulant

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38
Q

diag

A

Diagnosis

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39
Q

BMR

A

Basal metabolic rate

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40
Q

noct

A

At night

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41
Q

W/C

A

Wheelchair

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42
Q

stat

A

Immediately

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43
Q

URI

A

Upper respiratory infection

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44
Q

Omn. hor.

A

Every hour

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45
Q

gm.

A

Gram

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46
Q

cf.

A

compare

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47
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

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48
Q

ad. lib.

A

as much as desired

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49
Q

exam.

A

Examination

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50
Q

RBC

A

Red blood count

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51
Q

TO

A

Telephone order

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52
Q

RX.

A

Prescription

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53
Q

spec.

A

Specimin

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54
Q

ung.

A

Ointment

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55
Q

VO

A

Verbal order

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56
Q

BE

A

Barium enema

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57
Q

PRN

A

As needed

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58
Q

tab

A

TAblet

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59
Q

Disch

A

Discharge

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60
Q

Omn. noct.

A

Every night

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61
Q

tid

A

Three times a day

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62
Q

qd

A

Daily

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63
Q

IV

A

Intravenous

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64
Q

h.s.

A

At bedtime

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65
Q

inf.

A

Infusion

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66
Q

FUO

A

Fver of unknown origin

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67
Q

EEG

A

Electronencephalogram

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68
Q

sol.

A

Solution

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69
Q

u.

A

Unit

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70
Q

surg.

A

Surgery

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71
Q

lab.

A

Labratory

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72
Q

a-, an-; for example anorexia

A

Without

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73
Q

ad-; for example additive

A

Toward, to, at

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74
Q

ambi-; for example ambilateral

A

Both

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75
Q

angio-; for example angiogibrosis

A

To a vessel

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76
Q

antero-; for example anteromedian

A

In front of

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77
Q

apo-; for example apocleisis

A

Away from, off

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78
Q

bi-; for example bilateral

A

Two

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79
Q

brady- for example bradycardia

A

Slow

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80
Q

carcino-; for example cardinogen

A

Pertaining to cancer

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81
Q

cata-; for example catabolism

A

Downward, against

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82
Q

cephalo-; for eample cephalogram

A

Head

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83
Q

chiro-; for example chiroplasty

A

Pertaining to the hand

84
Q

circum-; for example, circumcorneal;

A

Around

85
Q

contra-; for example contraindicated

A

Against, opposite

86
Q

cranio-; for example, craniotomy;

A

Pertaining to the head

87
Q

cyto-; for exaple cytolysis

A

Relation to a cell

88
Q

derm- for example, dermatisis

A

Pertaining to the skin

89
Q

di- for example diarthric

A

Double, twice

90
Q

dys-; for example ,sysphasia

A

Painful, difficult

91
Q

em-, en-; for example embolic

A

In

92
Q

endo-; for example, endocarditis

A

Within, inner

93
Q

epi-; for example, epidermatitis

A

Above, upon, over

94
Q

fibro-; for example fibrocarcinoma

A

Pertaining to fiber

95
Q

glyco-; for example glycosuria

A

Relation to sweetness

96
Q

hema- hemo- for example hemorrhage

A

Pertaining to the blood

97
Q

hepato-; for example, hepatitis

A

Liver

98
Q

hydro-; for examply hydrocyst

A

Water

99
Q

hypno-; for example, hypnotherapy

A

Relating to sleep

100
Q

hystero-; for example hysterogram

A

Relating to the uterus

101
Q

infra-; for example infracardiac

A

Beneath, below

102
Q

intra-; for example intracutaneous

A

Within

103
Q

osteo-; for example osteoporosis

A

Pertaining to the bones

104
Q

pachy-; for example pachylosis

A

Thick

105
Q

para-; for example paralysis

A

Beyond, besides

106
Q

per-; for example perfusion

A

Through

107
Q

phlebo-; for example, phlebitis

A

Relating to a vein

108
Q

poly-; for example, polycardia

A

many, much

109
Q

pseudo-; for example pseudodementia

A

False

110
Q

pyo-; for example pyoderma

A

Signifying pus

111
Q

rhino-; for example rhinoplasty

A

Nose

112
Q

tachy-; for example, tachycardia

A

Rapid

113
Q

uni-; for example, unicellular

A

One

114
Q

intro-; for example introgastric

A

In, into

115
Q

labio-; for example labiocervical

A

Relating to the lip

116
Q

mega-; for example megacardia

A

Large oversize

117
Q

myo-; for example myocardial infarction

A

Relating to the muscle

118
Q

necro-; for example necrosis

A

Deah

119
Q

omo-; for example omodynia

A

Pertaining to the shoulder

120
Q

odont-; for example odontalgia

A

Relating to the teeth

121
Q

-ac; for example cardiac

A

pertaining to

122
Q

-algia; for example, neuralgia

A

Pain

123
Q

-centesis; for example, paracentesis

A

Surgical puncture

124
Q

-clysis; for example, eneroclysis

A

Washing, irrigation

125
Q

-cycle; for example

A

Cell

126
Q

-emesis; for example, hyperemesis

A

Vomiting

127
Q

-genesis; for example, carcinogenesis

A

Condition of producing

128
Q

-lith; for example, nephrolith

A

Stone

129
Q

-malacia; for example osteomalacia

A

Softening

130
Q

-odynia; for example cardiodynia

A

A painful condition

131
Q

-opsy; for example biopsy

A

to view

132
Q

-orrhaphy; for example gastrorraphy

A

Suture

133
Q

-orrhea; for example, gastorrhea

A

Flow, discharge

134
Q

-otomy; for example nephrotomy

A

Incision, to cut into

135
Q

-penia; for example, leukopenia

A

Deficiency

136
Q

-pexy; for example, nephropexy

A

Fixation, to put into place

137
Q

-phasia; for example, aphasia

A

Speech

138
Q

-phobia; for example claustrophobia

A

Fear

139
Q

-rythmia; for example, arrythmia

A

Rythmic

140
Q

-spasm; for example myospasm

A

Sudden violent involuntary contraction of muscles

141
Q

-stenosis; for example arteriostenosis

A

tightening, stricture

142
Q

-tripsy; for example, lithotripsy

A

A crushign

143
Q

-uria; for example, albuminuria

A

Urine

144
Q

The bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, and joints used in movement are teh

A

Musculoskeletal system

145
Q

Shy system that circulates blood is also called the

A

Cardiovascular system

146
Q

When the health of cells has deteriorated, it usually is due to a decrease in effectiveness of the ___, interfering with the supply of nutrients to them

A

CV system

147
Q

A stroke occurs when the lack of oxygen to an area of the brain causes

A

Permanent damage

148
Q

An elderly person whose blood pressure is consistently greater than 160/95 is considered to have

A

Hypertension

149
Q

The left side of the brain controls the functions of the ___ side of the body

A

Right

150
Q

A disease resulting from loss of elasticity in the lung tissues causing carbon dioxide to build up is

A

Emphysema

151
Q

A progressive disease for which there is not cure, characterized by tremor, rigidity or muscle stiffness and brady kinesia is

A

Parkinsons disease

152
Q

Difficulty in swallowing or transferring food from the mouth to the esophagus is called

A

Dysphagia

153
Q

The transformation process in which nutrients undergo various chemical reactions is

A

Metabolism

154
Q

Plasma, which carries red blood cells, and lymph, which carries white blood cells are examples of

A

Body fluids

155
Q

Measuring daily fasting blood sugar level and measuring the amount of glucose in the urine are tests used in the treatment of

A

Diabetes

156
Q

Infections associated with institutionalization are referred to as ___ infections

A

Nosocomial

157
Q

Decubitus ulcers once formed can

A

Become infected and form cavities of dead tissues

158
Q

The leading types of cancer among males seen in the nursing facility are cancers of the

A

Lung, colon, and rectum

159
Q

Falls among persons older than 65 years of age account for more than ___% of deaths that result from all falls

A

70

160
Q

Chronic renal failure that has progressed to the stage where little or no urine is being produced is called

A

End stage renal disease

161
Q

A study by Stilwell and O’Conner indicates that among persons suudied

A
  • Older people remain interested in sex
  • Older people find each other attractive
  • Sexuality contributes to overall well being
162
Q

The line between disabling mental illnesses and the day to day effects of comping with old age

A

Is often blurred

163
Q

In the nursing facility, person centered administration means focusing on

A

The quality of resident life

164
Q

The process by which the body breaks down the foods eaten into a form usale by indivdual cells is

A

Digestion

165
Q

Comvined with oxygen, nutrients permit individual cells to perform chemical reactions that

A

Produce energy

166
Q

Peripheral vascular disease commonly refers to the increased resistance in the blood vessels

A

In the extremities

167
Q

When the heart muscle intself suffers from a lack of oxygen due to blockages in teh arteries that usally supply it, it is known as

A

Coronary artery disease

168
Q

Blood being backed up int he circulatory system causing fluids to leak out of the bloodstream is symptomatic of

A

Congestive heart failure

169
Q

Because tuberculosis can be transmitted through secretions or whena person coughts, itis condsidered

A

An infectious diseae

170
Q

The primary problem resulting in glaucoma is

A

Pressure due to failure of fluids to drain normally

171
Q

The digestive system is referred to all the alimentary tract or the

A

Gastrointestinal tract

172
Q

Sharp burning abdominal pain 1-4 hours after eating, nausea, weight loss, and blood in stools can be symptoms of

A

An ulcer

173
Q

Carbohydrates can be broken down readily into fuel for the body. Two common sources are

A

Starches and sugars

174
Q

During the years 1993-2006 the percent of residents in the US nursing facilities who had psychological diagnoses

A

Increaased

175
Q

Gastrostomy tubes for residents needing long-term tube feeding may be preferred over nasogastric tubes because there is no chance that fluids may be

A

Aspirated

176
Q

Diabetes occurs when the body is unable to metabolize ___ because of a problem with a hormone called insulin

A

Glucose

177
Q

Anemia occurs when there is a difficulty with the ___ blood cells resulting in the body not getting enough oxygen

A

Anemia

178
Q

The skin, the acid composition of gastric juices, and the urine are ___ that help to protect the body

A

Barrier-type defenses

179
Q

Whenever foreign material or ___ enter the body ,the components of the immune system recognize this and mobilize for an attack response

A

Antigens

180
Q

Redness surrounding the areas of skin that ay become infected is called the ___ response

A

Inflammation

181
Q

The tough, dry, wrinkled skin sometimes observed among elderly persons may work to ___ the barrier effect of the skin

A

Diminish

182
Q

The formation of a skin ulcer can occur when

A

The weight of the body exerts unusual pressure on internal soft tissue

183
Q

Residents most at risk of developing pressure sores are those

A

Who are immobile

184
Q

The percentage of US nursing home residents who were chair bound in 2013 was just more than

A

50%

185
Q

Hypothermia is often difficult to diagnose because symptoms may be similar to

A

A minor stroke

186
Q

The proportion of residents in US nursing facilities during 1993-2013 who received special skin care

A

More than doubled

187
Q

Joints are the points in the body at which

A

The ends of two bones meet

188
Q

There is some consensus among researchers that during the aging process the total amount of bone in the body

A

Decreases

189
Q

The proportion of residents int eh US nursing homes during 1993 to 2013 who were incontinent remained about

A

50%

190
Q

Orthostatic hypotension is

A

Decreased blood pressure on standing

191
Q

In addition to removing waste materials from the bloodstream, the kidneys also help regulate the

A

Amount of body fluids

192
Q

Itchy and dry skin, mental confusion, weakness, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea can all be the symptoms of

A

Oncoming chronic renal failure

193
Q

Patients unable to urinate can be ___ periodically following fluid intake

A

Catheterized

194
Q

During midlife, women experience cessation of egg production, and hence of menstruation called

A

Menopause

195
Q

An elderly male nursing facility resident with painful urination and blood in the urine should be checked for

A

Prostatitis

196
Q

The incidence of heart attack or stroke during sexual intercourse

A

Is very low

197
Q

Fantasizing, avoidance of eye contact, fidgeting, insomnia, isolation from others, and hostile or dependent behaviors are thought to be manifestations of

A

Anxiety

198
Q

Psychotropic drugs exert an effect primarily on the

A

Brain

199
Q

Nearly ___ of all residents in the US nursing homes in 2006 were receiving psychoactive drugs

A

2/3

200
Q

There are losses incoming residents inevitably experience, and

A

There are also gains

201
Q

Anger and anxiety typically associated with being admitted to a nursing facility can lead to

A

Admission-associated depression

202
Q

The number of. facilities receiving citation for improper restraint use in 2006 was about ___ than in 1993

A

1/3 less

203
Q

Experience suggests that it is important to identify depression on top of

A

Dementia

204
Q

Among persons aged 65 years, ___ is/are the ninth leading cause of death and the leading cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries

A

Falls

205
Q

The most effective fall intervention strategy is a ___ fall risk reduction program for each resident based on paying careful attention to the comprehensive assessment of each resident

A

Personalized

206
Q
  • To begin as early as possible (first 24-48 hours)
  • To assess the patient systematically (first 2-7 days)
  • To prepare the therapy plan carefully
  • To build up in stages
  • To include the type of rehabilitation approach specific to deficits

These are the basic principles of

A

Rehabilitation

207
Q

Vital sighs, galvanic skin responses, heart rate variations and recovery, patterns of communication, movement and activity, posture, quality and duration of sleep and brain waves

A

Are precursors to depression

LNHA (26 decks)

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