Patient Monitoring

Question 1

A patient who is awake, alert and responsive is considered to exhibit what normal state?

Answer 1

Consciousness

Question 2

A patient who is able to fully respond to stimuli, including the ability to fully answer questions is considered to be?

Answer 2

Alert and conscious

Question 3

A patient who appears drowsy but can be aroused is said to be?

Answer 3

Lethargic state

Question 4

A patient who is in a more depressed state of consciousness and may not be easily aroused from state of confusion?

Answer 4

Obtuned

Question 5

A patient who is near unresponsiveness/semicomatose is?

Answer 5

Stupor

Question 6

When a patient is completely unresponsive to stimuli?

Answer 6

Coma

Question 7

What assessment is the measurement of basic body functions to monitor critical information regarding the patient’s physical condition?

Answer 7

Vital signs

Question 8

What 4 bodily functions are checked when monitoring a patient’s vitals?

Answer 8

Temperature, pulse, blood pressure and respiration

Question 9

What is the normal body temperature in Fahrenheit?

Answer 9

97.7- 99.5

Question 10

What is the normal body temperature in Celsius?

Answer 10

36.5-37.5

Question 11

What is the pulse rate for adults?

Answer 11

60-100 bpm

Question 12

What is the pulse rate for children?

Answer 12

70-120bpm

Question 13

What indicates the pressure within the arteries during the cardiac contraction phase?

Answer 13

Systolic blood pressure

Question 14

What should the systolic blood pressure be?

Answer 14

Less than 120mm Hg

Question 15

What measures the relaxation phase of the heart?

Answer 15

Diastolic pressure

Question 16

What should the diastole be?

Answer 16

Less than 80mm Hg

Question 17

What is the normal respiratory rate for adults?

Answer 17

12-20 breaths per minute

Question 18

What is the normal respiratory rate for children?

Answer 18

20-30 breaths per minute

Question 19

What electronic device is used to measure pulse and respiratory status?

Answer 19

Pulse oximeter

Question 20

Where can a pulse oximeter be placed on a patient to measure blood oxygen levels?

Answer 20

Finger, toe or earlobe

Question 21

What is the normal blood oxygen level range?

Answer 21

95%-100%

Question 22

What term describes the series of blood flow-related events that occur from the beginning of one heart beat to the next?

Answer 22

Cardiac cycle

Question 23

What part of the cardiac cycle determines the patient’s heart rate?

Answer 23

Frequency

Question 24

Relaxation of the heart muscle

Answer 24

Diastole

Question 25

Contraction of the heart muscle

Answer 25

Systole

Question 26

Graphic representation of the electrical activity of the heart

Answer 26

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 27

What CT procedure incorporates the ECG in the scan?

Answer 27

Cardiac CT

Question 28

Why is ECG used in cardiac CT?

Answer 28

Evaluate heart rhythm and cycle

Question 29

What are the three distinct phases of the cardiac cycle?

Answer 29

Atrial systole
Ventricular systole
Complete cardiac diastole

Question 30

What cardiac cycle consists of contractions of the left and right atria while corresponding to the onset of the P wave of the ECG?

Answer 30

Atrial systole

Question 31

What cardiac cycle consists of contraction of the left and right ventricles while marking the beginning of the QRS complex of the ECG?

Answer 31

Ventricular systole

Question 32

What cardiac cycle consists of the period of relaxation after heart contraction, ventricular and atrial diastole, and identified as the T wave of the ECG?

Answer 32

Complete cardiac diastole

Question 33

What type of heart rate exhibits longer diastolic phases and yields higher-quality cardiac CT exams?

Answer 33

Slower heart rate

Question 34

What medication may be used to reduce a patient’s heart rate?

Answer 34

B-Adrenergic receptor blocking agents (B-blockers)

Question 35

What is the preferred heart rate to obtain optimal imaging on most multi detector CT systems?

Answer 35

65bpm

Question 36

With use of a 64 slice CT scanner, and acquiring cardiac CT images at higher rates, what can be reduced for use only when clinically indicated?

Answer 36

Pharmaceutical intervention

Question 37

What medication may be administered before the cardiac MDCT study, sublingually, in order to dilate the coronary vessels and improve their visualization?

Answer 37

Nitroglycerin