Patient Assessment Flashcards
Urine Output
40 ml/hr
Heart Rate (Adult)
60-100/min
Diagnostic Chest Percussion (Normal)
Resonant
Breath Sounds
Vesicular
Bronchial breath sounds in lung periphery = lung consolidation
Heart Sounds
S1, S2
S3, S4 abnormal
Blood Pressure
Adult 120/80 mmHg Range 90/60 - 140/90 mmHg
Neonate 60/40 mmHg
ICP
5-10 mmHg
Therapy:
Hyperventilation
Minimize PEEP
Mannitol - diuretic for cerebral edema
CPP
CPP=MAP-ICP
70-90 mmHg
Exhaled CO (FECO)
< 7 for non-smokers
7-10 light smokers
11-20 moderate smokers
>20 heavy smokers
RBC
4-6 mill/mm3
Hb
12-16 g/dL
Hematocrit
40-50%
WBC
5,000-10,000/mm3
> 10,000 = Leukocytosis, bacterial infection
< 5,000 = Leukopenia, viral infection
Potassium
3.5-4.5
Hypokalemia: metabolic alkalosis, excessive excretion, vomiting, flattened T waves on EKG
Hyperkalemia: kidney failure, spiked T wave (metabolic acidosis)
Sodium
135-145
Hyponatremia: fluid loss from diuretics, vomiting, diarrhea, fluid gain from CHf, IV therapy
Hypernatremia: dehydration
Chlorine
80-100
Levels are closely associated with sodium
Hypochloremia: metabolic alkalosis
Hyperchloremia: metabolic acidosis
Creatinine
0.7-1.3 mg/dL
Evaluates kidney function, more specific to kidney function than BUN
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
8-25 mg/dL
Increased BUN = kidney failure
Clotting Time
Up to 6 mins
Platelet Count
150,000-400,000/mm3
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APPT)
24-32 secs
Prothrombin Time - Warfarin (Coumadin) Therapy
12-15 secs
Troponin
< 0.1 ng/mL
Indicates Myocardial Infarction
Recommend O2, Morphine, Aspirin, Nitroglycerin
Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
< 100 pg/mL
Indicates heart failure
>300 - mild
>600 - moderate
>900 - severe
Recommend diuretics, positive inotropic agents
Term Infant
38-42 wks
APGAR Score
7-10
Temperature (Infant)
36.5 degrees Celsius
Heart Rate (Infant)
110-160/min