Mechanical Ventilation

Question 1

Initial VT

Answer 1

5-10 mL/kg of IBW

Question 2

Initial PIP

Answer 2

< 35 cmH2O

Question 3

Initial RR

Answer 3

10-20 bpm

Question 4

Initial FiO2

Answer 4

40%-60%

or set to same previous level

Question 5

Initial PEEP

Answer 5

2-6 cmH2O

Question 6

Initial Infant VT

Answer 6

4-6 mL/kg

Question 7

Initial Infant RR

Answer 7

20-30 bpm

Question 8

Initial Infant PIP

Answer 8

20-30 cmH2O

Question 9

Initial Infant FiO2

Answer 9

40%-60%

Question 10

Initial Infant PEEP

Answer 10

2-4 cmH2O

Question 11

Normal Static Compliance

Answer 11

60 - 100 mL/cmH2O

Question 12

SIMV

Answer 12

Used for attends with tachypnea to avoid hyperventilation

May achieve lower MAP than A/C

Used with PEEP to reduce barotrauma

Question 13

IRV

Answer 13

For ARDS patients

Uses inverse I:E ratios

Question 14

APRV

Answer 14

Uses lower PIP resulting in lower mean airway pressure

Improves oxygenation using lower mean airway pressure

Question 15

Airway Resistance Formula

Answer 15

(PIP - Pplat)

Question 16

Constant Waveform

Answer 16

Results in higher PIP

Higher flow and shorter IT = lower mean airway pressure

Question 17

Decelerating Waveform

Answer 17

Results in lower PIP

Improves distribution of ventilation

Longer IT results in high mean airway pressure

Question 18

HFOV

Answer 18

Improves oxygenation in patients with severe lung injury such as ARDS

Question 19

HFOV Frequency

Answer 19

1 Hz = 60 cycles/min

Question 20

Noninvasive Ventilation

Answer 20

Indications:

Acute Exacerbation of COPD
CHF
Severe Dyspnea and DNI