Pathophysiology of PVD Flashcards
where do peripheral artery plaques occur most often?
at bifurcations and extend down one end
what is a true aneurysm?
bounded by complete but attenuated vessel wall components
fusiform aneurysm
ovoid swelling parallel to long axis of vessel
saccular aneurysm
bubble like or saclike outpouch
dissecting aneurysm
hemorrhage into tunica media separates vessel wall layers
where is a berry aneurysm found?
circle of willis at brain
what disease is associated with aortic aneurysm
syphilis
what disease is associated with aneurysm at ascending/descending aorta
cystic medial degeneration
what is the usual cause of abdominal aorta aneurysm?
atherosclerosis
what is the cause of inflammatory aneurysms?
atherosclerotic plaque rupture and increased inflammatory response
two congenital disorders with aneurysm predisposition
marfan syndrome and Type IV ehlers danlos
where is the abdominal aorta aneurysm usually found?
between renal and iliac arteries
what is an aortic dissection?
when there is a rupture in tunica intima and blood leaks into the tunica media and spreads in that area
what symptom to patients with aortic dissection present with?
usually a sever tearing chest pain
two complication of aortic dissection
aortic rupture and occlusion of other arteries
what imaging for aortic dissection
chest CT scan…it will show the line of the intima that remains between the “two” lumens
what is goal of treatment for aortic dissection?
lower pressure…and wall stress
what drugs to give for aortic dissection?
vasodilator and beta blockers
two types and locations of aortic dissections
Stanford A-ascending aorta
Stanford B- descending aorta
does aortic dissection mainly get men or women
men with hypertension
define cystic medial degeneration
elastic tissue fragmentation in the aorta…leads to spaces filled with ECM and easy spots to allow for intima rupture
5 cardiac problems with marfan syndrome
weakness of aortic media...aneurysm rupture aortic regurgitation mitral valve prolapse heart failure
what protein is affected in marfan syndrome? and what does this protein help body lay down?
fibrillin-1 and elastin
thrombosis in arteries are due to what? venous thombrosis is due to what?
arteries is plaque
venous is stasis
4 types of emboli
air
placenta
thrombus
fat/bone marrow
