PAD, Carotid Stenosis, AAA Flashcards
define claudication
leg pain that goes away at rest, but occurs at rest…if more severe will be pain at rest
describe the three stages of symptomatic PAD
claudication leads to pain at rest that leads to tissue loss
with PAD, tissue loss and rest pain are considered what?
critical limb ischemia
what do most people with PAD die from?
CVD
what is an easy measure to estimate PAD on physical exam?
ankle branchial index or AB I
what is the best medical treatment for PAD?
risk factor management
name the only drug fro claudication
Cilostazol
two surgical options for PAD
bypass or endovascular interventions
what is the most common cause of stroke?
carotid artery disease
what is a TIA?
stroke like symptoms for less that 24 hours…transient ishcemic attack
3 ways carotid stenosis presents
stroke
TIA
asymptomatic
easiest diagnostic test for carotid stenosis
carotid duplex and listening during PE
which of the external/internal carotid arteries has branches and which does not?
external does have branches and internal does not
two options for treatment of carotid stenosis
surgical and medical
two surgical options for carotid stenosis
carotid endarterectomy or carotid stenting
how do you do carotid endarterectomy
open up the artery surgically…remove the plaque and seal back together
for carotid stenting what must you use when stenting?
cerebral protection devices to catch any remnants that slip off the plaque
if you have diabetes are you at higher risk of abdominal aorta aneurysm or PAD?
def PAD..they have way more problems
actually helps against AAA
what is the triad of symptoms for an AAA rupture?
pain, hypotension and pulsatile mass
AAA diameter of 5 cm, what is rupture risk?
1
AAA diameter of 5.5 cm, what is rupture risk?
5
AAA diameter of 6 cm, what is rupture risk?
10
AAA diameter of 7 cm, what is rupture risk?
20
AAA diameter of 8 cm, what is rupture risk?
40
at what diameter of the AA do we treat surgically?
at 5.5 because the 5 percent rupture risk outweighs the surgical risk of rupture
best imaging technique for AAA
ultrasound
what are treatment options for AAA
only surgical
two types of surgery for AAA
open surgery with repair
endovascular repai
