PAD, Carotid Stenosis, AAA

Question 1

define claudication

Answer 1

leg pain that goes away at rest, but occurs at rest…if more severe will be pain at rest

Question 2

describe the three stages of symptomatic PAD

Answer 2

claudication leads to pain at rest that leads to tissue loss

Question 3

with PAD, tissue loss and rest pain are considered what?

Answer 3

critical limb ischemia

Question 4

what do most people with PAD die from?

Answer 4

CVD

Question 5

what is an easy measure to estimate PAD on physical exam?

Answer 5

ankle branchial index or AB I

Question 6

what is the best medical treatment for PAD?

Answer 6

risk factor management

Question 7

name the only drug fro claudication

Answer 7

Cilostazol

Question 8

two surgical options for PAD

Answer 8

bypass or endovascular interventions

Question 9

what is the most common cause of stroke?

Answer 9

carotid artery disease

Question 10

what is a TIA?

Answer 10

stroke like symptoms for less that 24 hours…transient ishcemic attack

Question 11

3 ways carotid stenosis presents

Answer 11

stroke
TIA
asymptomatic

Question 12

easiest diagnostic test for carotid stenosis

Answer 12

carotid duplex and listening during PE

Question 13

which of the external/internal carotid arteries has branches and which does not?

Answer 13

external does have branches and internal does not

Question 14

two options for treatment of carotid stenosis

Answer 14

surgical and medical

Question 15

two surgical options for carotid stenosis

Answer 15

carotid endarterectomy or carotid stenting

Question 16

how do you do carotid endarterectomy

Answer 16

open up the artery surgically…remove the plaque and seal back together

Question 17

for carotid stenting what must you use when stenting?

Answer 17

cerebral protection devices to catch any remnants that slip off the plaque

Question 18

if you have diabetes are you at higher risk of abdominal aorta aneurysm or PAD?

Answer 18

def PAD..they have way more problems

actually helps against AAA

Question 19

what is the triad of symptoms for an AAA rupture?

Answer 19

pain, hypotension and pulsatile mass

Question 20

AAA diameter of 5 cm, what is rupture risk?

Answer 20

1

Question 21

AAA diameter of 5.5 cm, what is rupture risk?

Answer 21

5

Question 22

AAA diameter of 6 cm, what is rupture risk?

Answer 22

10

Question 23

AAA diameter of 7 cm, what is rupture risk?

Answer 23

20

Question 24

AAA diameter of 8 cm, what is rupture risk?

Answer 24

40

Question 25

at what diameter of the AA do we treat surgically?

Answer 25

at 5.5 because the 5 percent rupture risk outweighs the surgical risk of rupture

Question 26

best imaging technique for AAA

Answer 26

ultrasound

Question 27

what are treatment options for AAA

Answer 27

only surgical

Question 28

two types of surgery for AAA

Answer 28

open surgery with repair

endovascular repai