Pathophysiological Processes Flashcards
An individual born with an immunodeficiency is referred to as
a.
a primary immune deficiency
b.
a hypersensitivity
c.
an autoimmune disorder
d.
a secondary immune deficiency
a. a primary immune deficiency
IgE antibodies are specifically produced when
a.
a person has an infection
b.
a person has an autoimmune disorder
c.
a person is vaccinated
d.
a person has an allergy
d. a person has an allergy
The excessive response to a relatively harmless antigen can cause harm to some people is referred to as
a.
immunodeficiency
b.
hypersensitivity
c.
autoimmune disorder
d.
self tolerance
b. hypersensitivity
Which of the following cells is responsible for releasing IgE antibodies during an allergic reaction?
a.
B cells
b.
CD4 cells
c.
Mast cells
d.
T cells
a. B cells
Which cell does HIV attack?
a.
Helper T cells
b.
macrophages
c.
B cells
d.
CD8 cells
a. Helper T cells
Why does a person infected with HIV experience opportunistic infections?
a.
Due to an inappropriate acute inflammatory response
b.
Due to over-production of antibodies
c.
Due to increased T and B cell production
d.
Due to a depressed immune system
d. Due to a depressed immune system
The initial priming of the immune system against an allergen involves IgE antibodies attaching to
a.
mast cells
b.
T helper cells
c.
B cells
d.
T cells
a. mast cells
A local allergic reaction such as allergic rhinitis will display all the following features except
a.
bronchodilation
b.
redness
c.
excess mucous production
d.
vasodilation
a. bronchodilation
A disease that involves the production of self-antibodies and activation of T cells against self-antigens found in the body is known as
a.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
b.
anaphylaxis
c.
an autoimmune disorder
d.
an allergic reaction
c. an autoimmune disorder
All of the following an examples of autoimmune diseases except
a.
Lupus
b.
Psoriasis
c.
Multiple sclerosis
d.
AIDS
d. AIDS
Adrenaline is administered to a person experiencing anaphylactic shock as it will cause all of the following except
a.
bronchodilation
b.
vasoconstriction
c.
excess mucous production
d.
increased heart rate
c. excess mucous production
An autoimmune disorder develops due to the immune system no longer able to recognise
a.
self-antibodies
b.
B cells
c.
self-antigens
d.
infections
c. self-antigens
A systemic allergic reaction to an allergen is referred to as
a.
an autoimmune disease
b.
an acquired immune deficiency
c.
anaphylaxis
d.
a primary immune deficiency
c. anaphylaxis
The main chemical mediator in hypersensitivity is
a.
complement system
b.
histamine
c.
interferons
d.
adrenaline
b. histamine
Which antibody is produced in an allergic reaction?
a.
IgE
b.
IgM
c.
IgA
d.
IgG
a. IgE
All of the following are signs present in an individual who has untreated HIV infection except
a.
appearance of opportunistic infections
b.
cerebral atrophy
c.
weight gain
d.
lymphadenopathy
c. weight gain
An immune deficiency acquired during the life span is referred to as
a.
an autoimmune disease
b.
a primary immune deficiency
c.
a secondary immune deficiency
d.
hypersensitivity
c. a secondary immune deficiency
The inability to distinguish between self cells and non-self cells may lead to
a.
autoimmune diseases
b.
hypersensitivities
c.
tolerence
d.
acquired immunodeficiencies
a. autoimmune diseases
What substance is present in an EpiPen that can counteract an anaphylactic reaction?
a.
Adrenaline
b.
Penicillin
c.
Histamine
d.
Antihistamines
a. Adrenaline
Which of the following cells is responsible fore releasing histamine during an allergic reaction?
a.
Neutrophils
b.
B cells
c.
Mast cells
d.
T cells
c. Mast cells
Opportunistic infection
infections that occur more frequently and are more severe in people with weakened immune systems, including people with HIV.
Allergic rhinitis
inflammation of the inside of the nose caused by an allergen, such as pollen, dust, mould, or flakes of skin from certain animals.
Autoimmune disease
A disease that involves the production of self-antibodies and activation of T cells against self-antigens found in the body
