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BIOSCIENCE 2 > Pathophysiological Processes > Flashcards

Pathophysiological Processes Flashcards

1
Q

An individual born with an immunodeficiency is referred to as

a.
a primary immune deficiency

b.
a hypersensitivity

c.
an autoimmune disorder

d.
a secondary immune deficiency

A

a. a primary immune deficiency

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2
Q

IgE antibodies are specifically produced when

a.
a person has an infection

b.
a person has an autoimmune disorder

c.
a person is vaccinated

d.
a person has an allergy

A

d. a person has an allergy

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3
Q

The excessive response to a relatively harmless antigen can cause harm to some people is referred to as

a.
immunodeficiency

b.
hypersensitivity

c.
autoimmune disorder

d.
self tolerance

A

b. hypersensitivity

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4
Q

Which of the following cells is responsible for releasing IgE antibodies during an allergic reaction?

a.
B cells

b.
CD4 cells

c.
Mast cells

d.
T cells

A

a. B cells

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5
Q

Which cell does HIV attack?

a.
Helper T cells

b.
macrophages

c.
B cells

d.
CD8 cells

A

a. Helper T cells

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6
Q

Why does a person infected with HIV experience opportunistic infections?

a.
Due to an inappropriate acute inflammatory response

b.
Due to over-production of antibodies

c.
Due to increased T and B cell production

d.
Due to a depressed immune system

A

d. Due to a depressed immune system

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7
Q

The initial priming of the immune system against an allergen involves IgE antibodies attaching to

a.
mast cells

b.
T helper cells

c.
B cells

d.
T cells

A

a. mast cells

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8
Q

A local allergic reaction such as allergic rhinitis will display all the following features except

a.
bronchodilation

b.
redness

c.
excess mucous production

d.
vasodilation

A

a. bronchodilation

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9
Q

A disease that involves the production of self-antibodies and activation of T cells against self-antigens found in the body is known as

a.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

b.
anaphylaxis

c.
an autoimmune disorder

d.
an allergic reaction

A

c. an autoimmune disorder

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10
Q

All of the following an examples of autoimmune diseases except

a.
Lupus

b.
Psoriasis

c.
Multiple sclerosis

d.
AIDS

A

d. AIDS

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11
Q

Adrenaline is administered to a person experiencing anaphylactic shock as it will cause all of the following except

a.
bronchodilation

b.
vasoconstriction

c.
excess mucous production

d.
increased heart rate

A

c. excess mucous production

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12
Q

An autoimmune disorder develops due to the immune system no longer able to recognise

a.
self-antibodies

b.
B cells

c.
self-antigens

d.
infections

A

c. self-antigens

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13
Q

A systemic allergic reaction to an allergen is referred to as

a.
an autoimmune disease

b.
an acquired immune deficiency

c.
anaphylaxis

d.
a primary immune deficiency

A

c. anaphylaxis

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14
Q

The main chemical mediator in hypersensitivity is

a.
complement system

b.
histamine

c.
interferons

d.
adrenaline

A

b. histamine

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15
Q

Which antibody is produced in an allergic reaction?

a.
IgE

b.
IgM

c.
IgA

d.
IgG

A

a. IgE

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16
Q

All of the following are signs present in an individual who has untreated HIV infection except

a.
appearance of opportunistic infections

b.
cerebral atrophy

c.
weight gain

d.
lymphadenopathy

A

c. weight gain

17
Q

An immune deficiency acquired during the life span is referred to as

a.
an autoimmune disease

b.
a primary immune deficiency

c.
a secondary immune deficiency

d.
hypersensitivity

A

c. a secondary immune deficiency

18
Q

The inability to distinguish between self cells and non-self cells may lead to

a.
autoimmune diseases

b.
hypersensitivities

c.
tolerence

d.
acquired immunodeficiencies

A

a. autoimmune diseases

19
Q

What substance is present in an EpiPen that can counteract an anaphylactic reaction?

a.
Adrenaline

b.
Penicillin

c.
Histamine

d.
Antihistamines

A

a. Adrenaline

20
Q

Which of the following cells is responsible fore releasing histamine during an allergic reaction?

a.
Neutrophils

b.
B cells

c.
Mast cells

d.
T cells

A

c. Mast cells

21
Q

Opportunistic infection

A

infections that occur more frequently and are more severe in people with weakened immune systems, including people with HIV.

22
Q

Allergic rhinitis

A

inflammation of the inside of the nose caused by an allergen, such as pollen, dust, mould, or flakes of skin from certain animals.

23
Q

Autoimmune disease

A

A disease that involves the production of self-antibodies and activation of T cells against self-antigens found in the body

BIOSCIENCE 2 (8 decks)

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