Pathophys 1 Flashcards
Cancer is a group of diseases characterised by:
- Unregulated cell growth
- Invasion
- Spread of cancer cells from the site of origin
What are Carcinomas?
Epithelial cell cancers
Most frequent observed tumours
Give examples of carcinomas?
Skin tumours
Lung tumours
Breast tumours
Pancreas tumours
What are sarcinomas?
Cancers derived from mesoderm cells (Germ layer of an early embryo)
4 classes of classification of cancer?
Carcinomas
sarcomas
Leukemia/myeloma/lymphoma
Neuroblastoma/neuromas
What are the similarities between leukemia,lymphomas, and myelomas?
They are all blood forming organs
What are the similarities between Neuroblastoma,neuromas, neurofibrostomas?
They are tumours of the neuroectodermal cells
What is the definition of tumours?
Mutated cells that lose regulation of cell division and form masses
what is the definition of benign?
Non cancerous tumours, non inasive (doesnt spread quickly)
What is the definition of Angiogenisis?
the growth of new blood vessels that nourish tumours
Metastasis?
Malignant cells detatch from thier original location and establish themselves in new locations of the body
What are the Hallmarks of Cancer
Growth signal autonomy
Evasion of apoptosis
Angiogenisis
Invasion and metastasis
How is tranformation defined as?
the introduction of inheritable changes in a cell causing in the growth phentype and immortalization
Why is the G2 boundary important in the cell cycle?
commitment to cell division
What happens at the G1/S check point?
Detects DNA damage
