Inflammation

Question 1

How long is acute inflammation?

Answer 1

Few hours to 6 weeks

Question 2

How long is sub acute inflammation?

Answer 2

6 weeks to 3 months

Question 3

How long is chronic inflammation?

Answer 3

3 months to decades

Question 4

What are the effects of inflammation?

Answer 4

Allergic reactions
Degradtive:-dermatitis
                  -rheumatoid 
Fibrotic scarring:
-asbestosis (Lung disease)
-sepsis

Question 5

What is inflammation?

Answer 5

A physiological response to any injury or infection

It mobilises the bodies defences and focuses them at the site of injury

Question 6

What’s the process of inflammation?

Answer 6

Allergen—>formation of lgE antibodies—>binds to mast cells—>release of granules containing histamine—>histamine causes urticarial rash

Question 7

Two types of injuries?

Answer 7

1.Internal:
Immune 
Metabolic
2.external:
Infection
Physical
Chemical
Mechanical

Question 8

Two types of inflammation responses?

Answer 8

Systemic

Local

Question 9

Examples of inflammatory substances?(3)

Answer 9

Histamine
Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes

Question 10

An example of a systemic response?

Answer 10

Fever

Question 11

What does systemic mean?

Answer 11

All over the body

Question 12

What does local mean?

Answer 12

In one place

Question 13

When fever hits, what happens?

Answer 13

Destruction of bacteria—>releasing pyrogens
Pyrogens—>any substance that causes a fever
Your own body releases them

Question 14

Acute phase reactions?

Answer 14

Fatigue
Lack of appetite
Nausea
Low bp
Acute phase proteins released

Question 15

APP’s?

Answer 15

Acute phase proteins
Synthesised by liver, monocytes, or fibroblasts
2 groups:1.major apps
2.moderate APP’s

Question 16

3 contents of APP’s

Answer 16

1. C-reactive protein
2. serum amyloid
3. cysteine protease inhibitor

Question 17

4 local events After injury

Answer 17

Neural injury
Vascular events
Enzymic cascades
cellular events

Question 18

What happens in vascular events

Answer 18

Dilation of artierioles
Increased capillary permeability
Wheel + flare response

Question 19

What happens in enzymatic cascades

Answer 19

Blood clots—>leads to lysis of bacteria

Question 20

4 Cellular events?

Answer 20

1-migration ( migrate to damaged blood vessels)
2-margination (move to damage margins of the blood)
3-adhesion (stick to endothelium)
4-diapedesis (migration through wall of capillary or post capillary venule)

Question 21

What’s the role of a mast cell?

Answer 21

Manufacture histamine from histidine

Storage in granules (heparin etc)