Pathoma Nasopharynx and Larynx

Question 1

Rhinitis

Answer 1

Inflammation of nasal mucosa

Question 2

Most common cause of rhinitis

Answer 2

Adenovirus

Question 3

Allergic Rhinitis

Answer 3

Type I HSR (Hypersentitivity Rxn) (due to pollen typically)

Question 4

Characteristics of allergic rhinits

Answer 4

• Eosinophilic with inflammatory infiltrate

Question 5

Allergic rhinitis is associated with ____ and ____.

Answer 5

Asthma and eczema

Question 6

Consequence of rhinits

Answer 6

Nasal Polyp, caused by repeated bouts of rhinitis

Question 7

Besides rhinitis, how can we get nasal polyps?

Answer 7

Cystic fibrosis in kids typically

In adults we can get ASA-intolerant asthma

Question 8

3 parts of ASA intolerant asthma

Answer 8

1. Asthma
2. Aspirin induced bronchospasm
3. Nasal Polyps

Question 9

Angiofibroma

Answer 9

Benign tumor of the nasal mucosa comprised of blood vessels and fibrous tissue

Question 10

Who do we see angiofibroma in and how do we see it??

Answer 10

Adolescent males

Profuse epistaxis

Question 11

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Answer 11

Nasopharyngeal malignant tumor

Question 12

What drives nasopharyngeal carcinoma and who tends do get it?

Answer 12

EBV and we see it in African children and chinese adult

Question 13

What will cue us in to a nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

Answer 13

Chinese adult or African child with enlarged cervical lymph nodes

Question 14

Biopsy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Answer 14

Pleomorphic keratin positive epithelial cells in a background of lymphocytes

Question 15

Acute epiglottitis and what brings it on?

Answer 15

Epiglottis inflammtion brought on by H Influenza type B in immunized and non immunized kids

Question 16

Signs of Acute epiglottitis?

Answer 16

High fever, sore throat, drooling with dysphagia, muffled voice, inspiratory stridor

Risk of airway obstruction

Question 17

Laryngotracheobronchitis

AKA?

Answer 17

Upper airway inflammation

Also called Croup

Question 18

Most common cause of laryngotracheobronchitis?

Answer 18

Parainfluenza virus

Question 19

Presentation of laryngotracheobronchitis

Answer 19

Hoarse barking cough and inspiratory stridor

Question 20

Vocal cord nodules

Answer 20

Nodules on vocal cords from excessive use made of degenerative myxoid connective tissue

Question 21

Presentation of vocal cord nodules

Answer 21

Hoarseness, resolves with rest

Question 22

What is laryngeal papilloma

Answer 22

Benign papillary tumor of the vocal cord

Question 23

Cause of laryngeal papilloma

Answer 23

HPV6 and 11

Question 24

Child vs. adult for laryngeal papilloma

Answer 24

Single in adults, multiple in children

Question 25

Laryngeal cell carcinoma is a ____ carcinoma arising from _____

Answer 25

Squamos cell carcinoma arising from the epithelial lining of the vocal cord

Question 26

Risk factors for laryngeal carcinoma?

Answer 26

Alcohol and tobacco