Pathoma - GI Flashcards
1
Q
Oral cavity issues
A
Cleft lip and palate Aphthous ulcer Behcet syndrome Oral herpes Squamous cell carcinoma Squamous dysplasia
2
Q
Cleft lip and palate
A
- failure of fusion of facial prominences
- usually occur together
3
Q
Aphthous ulcer
A
- painful, superficial ulceration of oral mucosa
- stress; spont resolution
- gray base surrounded by red
4
Q
Behcet syndrome
A
- recurring aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis (visual disturbance)
- immune complex vasculitis of small vessels
- after viral infection; unknown etiology
5
Q
Oral herpes
A
- HSV-1 (usually)
- vesicles involving oral mucosa
- rupture -> shallow, painful, red ulcer
- primary infection in childhood
- virus dormant in trigeminal nerve ganglia
6
Q
Squamous cell carcinoma
A
- neoplasm of squamous cells of oral mucosa
- risk: tobacco/alc
- floor of mouth most common location
7
Q
Squamous dysplasia
A
- precursor lesions to squam cell carc: leukoplakia, erythroplakia
- leukoplakia: may indicate squam cell dysplasia; differentiate from oral cadidiasis and hairy leukoplakia (lateral tongue; due to EBV in immunocompromised state -> hyperplasia; no dysplasia)
- erythroplakia: vascularized leukoplakia -> more suggestive of squamous dysplasia
8
Q
Salivary gland overview
A
- exocrine glands that secrete saliva
- major: parotid, submandibular, sublingual
9
Q
Mumps virus
A
- bilateral inflamed parotid glands
- orchitis (testicle inflammation) -> sterility (teenagers)
- pancreatitis -> increased serum amylase (also from parotid gland)
- aseptic meningitis
10
Q
Sialadenitis
A
- inflamed salivary gland
- commonly due to obstructing stone (sialolithiasis) -> S. aureus infection
- usually unilateral
11
Q
Pleomorphic adenoma
A
- benign tumor of stromal (e.g. cartilage) and epithelial tissue (e.g. gland) -> biphasic tumor
- most common tumor of salivary gland
- usually in parotid
- classic pres: mobile, painless, circumscribed mass at angle of jaw
- high rate of recurrence (irregular margins)
- rarely transform to carcinoma -> palsy from facial nerve damage
12
Q
Warthin tumor
A
- benign cystic tumor with many lymphocytes and germinal centers
- second most common tumor of salivary gland
- almost always in parotid (late embryologic separation -> often includes lymph nodes)
13
Q
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
A
- malignant tumor of mucinous and squamous cells
- usually in parotid; commonly with facial nerve
14
Q
Salivary gland issues
A
Mumps virus Sialadenitis Pleomorphic adenoma Warthin tumor Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
15
Q
Esophagus issues
A
TE fistula
