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1 STEP Uworld pulmo > Pathoma cancers of lungs table + TNM 12/07 > Flashcards

Pathoma cancers of lungs table + TNM 12/07 Flashcards

1
Q

Small cell lung carcinoma. oncogene?

A

L-MYC - nuclear regulator; transcription factor; amplification

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2
Q

L-MYC - nuclear regulator; transcription factor; amplification
What tumor?

A

small cell lung carcinoma

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3
Q

Small cell lung carcinoma. Immunohistology marker?

A

chromogranin and synaptophysin - neuroendocrine cell marker

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4
Q

Small cell lung carcinoma. pathohistology?

A

Poorly differented small cells with neuroendocrine differentiation (from Kulchitsky cells)

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5
Q

Small cell lung carcinoma. who is affected?

A

smoking males

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6
Q

Small cell lung carcinoma. location?

A

central

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7
Q

Small cell lung carcinoma. What are important characteristics?

A

Rapidly growth and early metastasize.

Produce endocrine or nervous system paraneoplastics syndromes.
- incr. ACTH -> cushing syndrome
- Incr ADH -> SIADH
- Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome

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8
Q

WHAT TUMOR?
Rapidly growth and early metastasize.

Produce endocrine or nervous system paraneoplastics syndromes.
- incr. ACTH -> cushing syndrome
- Incr ADH -> SIADH
- Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome

A

Small cell lung carcinoma

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9
Q

Smoking males, what tumors?

A

Small cell lung carcinoma;Squamous cell carcinoma (most common)

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10
Q

Lung adenocarcinoma. What oncogene?

A

ALK - tyrosine kinase
EFGR1 - tyrosine kinase

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11
Q

ALK - tyrosine kinase
EGFR1 - tyrosine kinase
What tumor?

A

Lung adenocarcinoma

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12
Q

Lung adenocarcinoma. In what people?

A
  • Nonsmokers
  • smokers female
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13
Q

Lung adenocarcinoma. What pathohistology?

A

Glands, mucin and TTF-1 expression

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14
Q

Glands, mucin and TTF-1(thyroid transcription factor) expression.
What tumor?

A

Lung adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

Lung adenocarcinoma. Location?

A

Periphery

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16
Q

Lung adenocarcinoma. Important features?

A

Collumnar cells that growth along preexisting bronchioles and alveoles (in-situ)

On immaging - pneumonia-like consolidation

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17
Q

WHAT TUMOR?
Collumnar cells that growth along preexisting bronchioles and alveoles. (in-situ)

On immaging - pneumonia-like consolidation

A

Lung adenocarcinoma

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18
Q

UW. Clubbing and hyperthrophic osteoarthropathy. Tumor?

A

Lung adenocarcinoma

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19
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma. pathohistology?

A

Keratin perls;
intercellular bridges;
p40 expression

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20
Q

Keratin perls;
intercellular bridges;
p40 expression

WHAT TUMOR?

A

squamous cell carcinoma.

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21
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma. What people?

A

MALE SMOKERS (MOST COMMON TUMOR IN THIS POPULATION)

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22
Q

MALE SMOKERS (MOST COMMON TUMOR IN THIS POPULATION)

A

Squamous cell carcinoma.

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23
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma. Location?

A

Central

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24
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma. Important feature?

A

May produce PTHrP -> hypercalcemia

25
Large cell neuroendocrine tumor. pathohistology?
Poorly differented large cells (NO glands, mucin, TTF-1, keratin pearls, intercellular bridges, p40).
26
Poorly differented large cells (NO glands, mucin, TTF-1, keratin pearls, intercellular bridges, p40). WHAT TUMOR?
Large cell neuroendocrine tumor.
27
Large cell neuroendocrine tumor. In what patients?
smokers (not speficied whether male or female)
28
Large cell neuroendocrine tumor. location?
central or peripheral
29
Large cell neuroendocrine tumor. Important feature?
Diagnosis of exclusion. According to UW - mayproduce hGC -- > gynecomastia, galactorea
30
Carcinoid tumor. Pathohistology?
Well differentiated neuroendocrine cells (nests); Chromogranin positive
31
Well differentiated neuroendocrine cells (nests); Chromogranin positive TUMOR?
carcinoid tumor
32
Carcinoid tumor relation to smoking?
not significantly related to smoking
33
Carcinoid tumor. Location?
central or peripheral.
34
Carcinoid tumor. if grows central, what feature?
forms a polyp-like mass in the bronchus.
35
forms a polyp-like mass in the bronchus. What tumor and what location?
carcinoid turmor, central growth
36
Carcinoid tumor. important feature?
Low grade malignancy. Can cause carcinoid syndrome
37
Low grade malignancy. Can cause carcinoid syndrome
Carcinoid tumor.
38
Metastasis to lung. What are the most common sources?
breast and colon carcinomas
39
Metastasis to lung. Location?
multiple ,,cannon ball" nodules on imaging
40
What is more common - primary tumors or metastasis?
metastasis
41
EGFR1 mutation is common in what people?
asian females nonsmokers
42
What testing guides immunotherapy in advanced disease?
PD-L1 expression (pembrolizumabas)
43
PD-L1 expression in what tummors may be present?
in non-small cell carcinoma.
44
T - what 3 involvements?
1. Obstruction of SVC -> SVC syndrome 2. a. Involvement of reccurent laryngeal nerve -> hoarseness b. Involvement of phrenic nerve -> diaphragmatic paralysis 3. a. Involvement of sympathetic chain -> horners syndrome. b. Involvement of brachial plexus -> shoulder pain and hand weakness
45
T. Obstruction of SVC ->
leads to SVC syndrome (distended head and neck veins with edema and blue discolouration of arms and face BILATERAL (kai buna obstructed brachiocephalic - tai unilateral)
46
T. Involvement of reccurent laryngeal nerve ->
Hoarseness
47
T. Involvement of phrenic nerve ->
diaphragmatic paralysis
48
T. Involvement of sympathetic chain ->
Horner syndrome - ptosis, myiosis and anhidrosis
49
T. Involvement of brachial plexus ->
shoulder pain and hand weakness
50
What is tumor location if involvement of sympathetic chain and brachial plexus is seen?
APICAL TUMORS INVOLVING SUPERIOR SULCUS (PANCOAST TUMOR)
51
APICAL TUMORS INVOLVING SUPERIOR SULCUS (PANCOAST TUMOR)?
involvement of sympathetic chain and brachial plexus is seen
52
N. Spreads to what lymph nodes?
hillar and mediastinal
53
M. Unique site to metastasis?
adrenal glands
54
EGFR mutations - treamtent?
Erlotinibas
55
ALK translocation - treament?
Crizotinibas
56
ALK and EGFR what cancer?
Adenocarcinoma
57
PD-L1 - carcinoma?
non-small cell
58
PD-L1 treatment?
pembrolizumabas

1 STEP Uworld pulmo (7 decks)

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