Pathology Study Guide 4

Question 1

What gland secretes steroid hormones?

Answer 1

Adrenal gland

Question 2

Sex hormones that tend to masculinize the body, retain amino acids, and enhance protein synthesis are called

Answer 2

Androgens

Question 3

Which two hormones are know as the fight or flight hormones?

Answer 3

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 4

Another name for epinephrine is

Answer 4

adrenaline

Question 5

_____________ syndrome is caused by an excess of glucocorticoid hormones.

Answer 5

Cushings

Question 6

What are three primary malignancies that commonly metastasize to the adrenal glands?

Answer 6

Lung, Breast, Kidney

Question 7

What gland is located in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone?

Answer 7

Pituitary Gland

Question 8

If hyperpitutarism in occurs in a person whose bone growth has ceased, then, ____________ Results

Answer 8

Acromegaly

Question 9

Hypopituitarism in children causes a type of

Answer 9

dwarfism

Question 10

What gland is located in the neck at the level of the larynx?

Answer 10

Thyroid

Question 11

What modality is superior for imaging the thyroid gland?

Answer 11

NM

Question 12

Excess thyroid hormone production from the entire gland results in

Answer 12

Graves’ disease

Question 13

Enlargement of the thyroid gland not associated with inflammatory of neoplastic process and not initially associated with hyperthyroidism and myxedema is known as a

Answer 13

Goiter

Question 14

A solitary _____ Nodule is the usual appearance of thyroid carcinomas on radioactive iodine nuclear medicine scans

Answer 14

Cold

Question 15

How many parathyroid glands are in the body?

Answer 15

4

Question 16

The hormones secreted by the parathyroid glands function to regulate ________ and ___________ levels in the blood

Answer 16

Calcium, Phosphate

Question 17

Failure of the pancreas to secret insulin or a failure of target organs to respond to this hormone causes

Answer 17

Diabetes mellitus

Question 18

___________ insulin or ___________ food can cause insulin shock

Answer 18

Too much, not enough

Question 19

A diabetic patient is NPO for an upper GI exam. while waiting for the radiologist to arrive, the patient complains of feeling lightheaded, and you notice the patient is trembling. What is indicated by these symptoms in relation to your patients known condition? the painting is suffering from____________?

What should be done for this condition?

Answer 19

Insulin/Hypoglycemic Shock

They need some kind of sugar

Question 20

A chancre on the genitals is characteristic of the primary stage of

Answer 20

Syphilis

Question 21

A non itching skin rash
is a characteristic of the _______ stage of syphilis

Answer 21

Secondary

Question 22

What stage of syphilis produces radiographic evidence of the disease?

Answer 22

Tertiary

Question 23

Fibrous scarring of the fallopian tubes Is a serious complication of _______ in females

Answer 23

Gonorrhea

Question 24

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can be demonstrated via what two modalities ?

Answer 24

US/CT

Question 25

What male gland lies just beneath the bladder and surrounds the urethra?

Answer 25

Prostate gland

Question 26

What is the second most common malignancy in men?

Answer 26

Prostatic Cancer

Question 27

The most common site of hematogenous metastasis of prostate cancer is to the

Answer 27

Bone

Question 28

The condition of an ectopic of undescended testis is called

Answer 28

cryptorchidism

Question 29

the twisting of the gonad on its pedicle is known as

Answer 29

testicular torsion

Question 30

A pregnancy that implants somewhere other than the uterus is known as a

Answer 30

Eptopic Pregnancy

Question 31

Venereal disease complications of intrauterine devices (IUDs) and multiple sexual partners are all causes of ___________ in women

Answer 31

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Question 32

What is the most common germ cell tumor in women?

Answer 32

Dermoid cyst (teratoma)

Question 33

A _______________ is a benign, smooth muscle tumor of the uterus

Answer 33

Uterine Fibroid (leiomyoma)

Question 34

_________ carinoma most commonly occurs in postmenopausal women

Answer 34

Endometrial

Question 35

A painful condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus is known as

Answer 35

Endometriosis

Question 36

What screening tool is used to diagnose cervical cancer?

Answer 36

Pap Smear

Question 37

What is the most common malignancy in women ages 44 to 50?

Answer 37

Breast cancer

Question 38

Breast cancer commonly appears with imaging characteristics seen as a poorly defined __________ with fine, radiating _________

Answer 38

Mass, spicules

Question 39

An abnormal breast enlargement in males Is known as

Answer 39

Gynecomastia

Question 40

retinol is another name for vitamin

Answer 40

A

Question 41

Night blindness is a characteristic of vitamin

Answer 41

A deficiency

Question 42

Osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in vitamin

Answer 42

D

Question 43

Vitamin ___ is essential in the blood-clotting mechanism

Answer 43

K

Question 44

Emaciation is caused by severe

Answer 44

Protein Caloric Malnutrition (AKA Kwashiorkor)

Question 45

An excess of adipose tissue resulting from a consistent excessive caloric intake as compared with calories required, or used, by daily activities refers to

Answer 45

Obesity

Question 46

________ is an extremely malignant skin cancer

Answer 46

Melanoma

Question 47

A group of chronic inherited condition in which fat replaces muscle is known as

Answer 47

Muscular Dystrophy

Question 48

_________ syndrome is an inherited generalized disorder of connective tissue with ocular, skeletal, and cardiovascular manifestations.

Answer 48

Marfan's

Question 49

retro

Answer 49

Backward, Behind

Question 50

infra

Answer 50

under, below

Question 51

dys

Answer 51

bad, painful, difficult

Question 52

a

Answer 52

without, not

Question 53

post

Answer 53

after, behind

Question 54

contra

Answer 54

again, opposite

Question 55

-algia

Answer 55

pain

Question 56

-ectomy

Answer 56

excision, removal

Question 57

-itis

Answer 57

inflammation

Question 58

-megaly

Answer 58

enlargement

Question 59

-rrhea

Answer 59

discharge, flow

Question 60

-listhesis

Answer 60

slipping

Question 61

pneum/o

Answer 61

air, lung

Question 62

arthr/o

Answer 62

joint

Question 63

hepat/o

Answer 63

liver

Question 64

rhin/o

Answer 64

nose

Question 65

nephr/o

Answer 65

kidney

Question 66

cholecyst/o

Answer 66

Galbladder

Question 67

hepatitis

Answer 67

inflammation of the liver

Question 68

Cholecystectomy

Answer 68

Removal of gallbladder

Question 69

spondylolisthesis

Answer 69

Slipping of the vertebrae

Question 70

Hepatomegaly

Answer 70

enlargement of the liver