Pathology Study Guide 3 Flashcards
An acute inflammation of the Pia mater and arachnoid is called
Meningitis
Chronic infection of sinuses, middle ear, or mastoids or systemic infection (that is, Pneumonia) are usually the cause of a
Brain Abscess
What is the most common primary malignant brain tumor?
Glioma
What is the most common type of glioma?
Astrocytoma
What is a slow-growing, benign tumor that occurs on the eighth cranial nerve?
Acoustic Neuroma
What are the two most common primary malignancies that metastasize to the brain?
Lung and Breast
What modality is primarily used to examine head injuries?
CT
A ________ Hematoma is caused by arterial bleeding in the cranium.
Epidural
A ________ hematoma is caused by venous bleeding in the cranium.
Subdural
What is the most common facial bone fracture?
Nasal Bone
What term is used to denote the sudden and dramatic development of a focal neurologic deficit?
Stroke
The term for paralysis on one side of the body is
Hemiplagia
A focal neurologic defect that completely resolves within 24 hours is known as a
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
A condition in which brain impulses are disturbed and that causes symptoms ranging from loss of consciousness to violent seizures is called?
Epilepsy and Convulsive disorders
A degenerative neurologic disease that causes widespread selective atrophy and loss of motor nerves hat eventually leads to paralysis and death is know as
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
The blood cells that are essential for clotting are known as
Platelets
A decrease in the amount of oxygen-carrying hemoglobin in the blood is termed
Anemia
What is the most common cause of anemia
Iron Deficiency
An increase in what vitamin will increase the absorption of iron?
Vitamin C
Chronic blood loss is usually the cause of
Iron Deficiency Anemia
What type of anemia is caused by defective red blood cells with a shortened life span?
Hemolytic Anemia
Which type of hemolytic anemia is generally confined to African-Americans?
Sickle Cell Anemia
Failure of bone marrow to function results in
Aplastic anemia
A neoplastic proliferation of white blood cells is termed
Leukemia
A radiographic finding o a CXR of asymmetric, bilaterally enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes is indicative of what neoplastic process?
Lymphoma
A deficiency in the number of platelets in the blood is called?
Thrombocytopenia
Another name for Thrombocytopenia is
Purpura
The brain and the spinal cord compose what system of the body?
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Which portion of the brain lies between the cerebrum and the spinal cord?
Brain Stem
What fills the ventricles of the brain?
Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)
because of its ringlike structure, it is common for the mandible to suffer from
Bilateral Fractures
Sinus infection can spread to the brain and cause an __________ or Abscess
Subdural empyema
A fracture that results from direct blow to the orbit is called a
Blow out fracture
Bilateral horizontal fractures of maxillae are called
Le Fort Fractures
A fracture that separates zygoma from other facial bones is called a
Tripod Fracture
A star shaped fracture with multiple fracture lines radiating from a central point is called a
Stellate Fracture
An iron based protein needed for oxygen carrying capacity is known as
Hemoglobin
Red blood cells are known as
Erythorocytes
White blood cells are known as
Leukocytes
Platelets are known as
Thrombocytes
