Pathology of the Eye

Question 1

What is the medical term for short-sightedness?

Answer 1

Myopia

Question 2

In myopia, where is the image focussed?

Answer 2

In front of the retina

Question 3

What is hyperopia/hypermetropia?

Answer 3

Long sightedness

Question 4

Where is the image focussed in hyperopia?

Answer 4

Image focussed behind the retina

Question 5

What is presbyopia?

Answer 5

Far sightedness due to age-related changes of the lens

Question 6

What is glaucoma caused by?

Answer 6

Raised intraocular pressure because outflow of aqueous humour is blocked

Question 7

What produces aqueous humour and where does it drain into?

Answer 7

Produced by the ciliary process

Drains into the scleral venous sinus via a trabecular meshwork

Question 8

Movements of the lens for near vision?

Innervation?

Answer 8

Accommodation
-parasympathetic activity in oculomotor nerve causes sphincter-like contraction of ciliary muscle making the lens more globe-like/fatter

Question 9

Movement of the lens for far vision?

Innervation?

Answer 9

No parasympathetic activity to ciliary muscles so lens is stretched, making it flatter

Question 10

What is cataracts?

Answer 10

Clouding of the lens

Question 11

Function of vitreous humour?

Answer 11

Holds the retina in place