Pathology - Invasion And Metastasis

Question 1

What is Metastasis ?

Answer 1

Spreading of new tumours

Question 2

Wjat is angiogenesis ?

Answer 2

New blood vessels formation

Question 3

How does the cancer invade from one cell to another?

Answer 3

Degradation of ECM by MMP

Question 4

Which part of the lymph node does cancer origin ?

Answer 4

Subcapsular

Question 5

What causes reduced ahesiveness in tumours ?

Answer 5

Lose of ECadherin

Question 6

What is intravasation ?

Answer 6

Migration into the blood/lymph

Question 7

What are the 4 most common sites of Metastasis ?

2L and 2 B

Answer 7

Liver
Lymph
Brain
BONE

Question 8

What are the sites of Metastasis IN Liver, breast, GI, PROSTATE ?

Answer 8

Breast to axillary
Liver to lung
GI TO LIVER
PROSTATE TO SPINAL CORD

Question 9

What is the gold standard labaratory technique for cancer ?

Answer 9

Histology tissue sample (biopsy)

Question 10

What is the tumour marker used to detect if chemotherapy was effective?

Answer 10

Carcinoembryogenic Antigen (CEA)

COLON
PANCREAS
BREAST
STOMACH

Question 11

What is the tumor marker for testicular cancer, also seen high in pregnancy (Choriocarcinoma)?

Answer 11

HCG

Question 12

What are the organs assosiated WITH AFP MARKER ?

Answer 12

Alpha fetal protien

Liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Yolk sac tumours
Neural tube defects

Question 13

Where is PSA tumour marker seen ?

Answer 13

Prostate cancer
Assosiated with drugs and caffeine

Question 14

CA-125 IS SEEN IN.?

Answer 14

CYST- ADENOCARCINOMA (OVARIAN CANCER)

Blocks lymphatic
Ascites (fluid Accumulation in the abdomen)