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RUSVM Pathology II > Pathology II Lab Exam Material > Flashcards

Pathology II Lab Exam Material Flashcards

1
Q

14 year old cat. MDx?

A

Bilateral thyroid nodular hyperplasia or bilateral thyroid adenomas

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2
Q

Icterus is noted in the ocular mucous membranes of this pig with massive hepatic necrosis. Name the disease. What is the cause?

A

Hepatosis dietetica

Caused by Vitamin E/Se deficiency

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3
Q

Heart from a dog.

MDx? Name the endocrine abnormality this condition is typically associated with:

A

Coronary Atherosclerosis

Associated with hypothyroidism (due to chronic hypercholesterolemia associated with hypothyroidism)

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3
Q

Lungs from a newborn calf found dead in the pasture.

MDx?

A

Diffuse pulmonary atelectasis

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4
Q

What is the required formalin to tissue ratio for fixation of tissue?

A

10:1

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4
Q

Lungs from a young horse. Etiology?

A

Rhodococcus equi

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5
Q

Adrenal glands. MDx?

A

Adrenal cortical hyperplasia

Caused by ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. ACTH overstimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland and results in hyperplasia

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6
Q

The picture shows multifocal hepatitis in a pig condemned at slaughter. What is the most likely parasitic cause?

A

Ascaris suum

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7
Q

What is your top differential for this neoplastic condition in a cat?

A

lymphosarcoma

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8
Q

Note the rib impressions. This dog also had renal disease.

What’s going on here?

A

Uremic pneumonitis

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8
Q

Observe the dilation of the renal pelvis and ulceration/necrosis at the renal papilla. What is this condition called?

A

Pyelonephritis

Inflammation of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

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9
Q

This ‘tiger heart’ appearance is a result of what disease?

A

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)

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9
Q

Tissue from a pig.

Etiology?

A

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

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11
Q

What is the name of this disease in a pig?

What is it caused by?

A

Name of disease: Hepatosis dietetica

Cause: Vitamin E/Se deficiency

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12
Q

MDx for this kidney from an FIP-positive cat?

A

Multifocal pyogranulomatous nephritis

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13
Q

Identify the abnormality.

A

Rectovaginal fistula

The vulva functions as a common opening to the urogenital and GI tracts. This is usually associated with Atresia Ani.

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13
Q

Intestines from a young sow with profuse hemorrhagic diarrhea caused by Lawsonia inracellularis. MDx?

A

Proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy

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14
Q

Identify this non-inflammatory condition due to deposition of glycosaminoglycans with fibrinoid degeneration of connective tissue, most common in the left atria and proximal aorta:

A

Mucoarteritis/endocarditis

Commonly associated with uremia

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15
Q

Lungs from a foal with a history of respiratory disease poorly-responsive to antibiotic therapy.

MDx? EDx?

A
  • MDx: Multifocal pyogranulomatous pneumonia
  • EDx: Rhodococcal pneumonia
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16
Q

MDx?

A

chronic pancreatic necrosis

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16
Q

Intestine from a grower pig. Etiology? EDx?

A
  • Etiology: Lawsonia intracellularis
  • EDx: Lawsonial enteritis
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16
Q

Which bacterial organism is this necrotic enteritis associated with in a pig?

A

Lawsonia inracellularis

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17
Q

Identify the abnormality in the picture:

A

Osteosarcoma induced by Spirocerca lupi

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18
Q

Pig. Name of disease? Etiology?

A
  • Name of disease: Atrophic Rhinitis
  • Etiology: Pasteurella multocida (A and D) and Bordetella bronchiseptica
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18
Q

Identify this abnormality in the horse associated with ingestion of Blister Beetles in alfalfa hay

A

ulcerative gastritis

Blister beetles in alfalfa hay - Cantharidin toxicity

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20
Q

This tissue is from a dog with kidney disease. MDx?

A

Hemorrhagic ulcerative gastritis

21
Q

What abnormality are we looking at here? What is a common cause of this abnormality?

A

Arthrogyposis, likely as a result of BVD

**Schmallenberg Virus would be a good differential if you’re in the UK

22
Q

Tissue from an adult cat. MDx?

A

parathyroid hyperplasia

23
Q

The hindlimb enlargement in this green iguana is due to fibrous osteodystrophy. Which endocrine abnormality is this condition associated with?

A

Nutritional hyperparathyroidism

25
Q

Tissue from a cat. MDx?

A

Hepatic lipidosis

25
Q

Which special stain is commonly used to confirm Lawsonia intracellularis in a pig?

A

Warthin-Starry (silver) stain

26
Q

MDx for this tissue in a pig?

A

Panlobular hepatic necrosis

The disease is hepatosis dietetica; caused by Vitamin E/Se deficiency

27
Q

Colon from horse. MDx?

A

Chronic segmental ischemic necrosis

Associated with Strongylus vulgaris. The large intestine is supplied by the cranial mesenteric artery, leading to ischemia

28
Q

The image below is often the cause of death in uremic animals. Identify.

A

pulmonary edema

Pulmonary edema results from damage to the air-blood barrier and plasma fluid leaks into the alveoli

30
Q

Pictured is chronic arteritis with intraluminal thrombosis in a horse. What is the most likely etiology?

A

Strongylus vulgaris

Note the larvae in the tunica intima. EDx: verminous arteritis

31
Q

What is the name of this disease? Etiology?

A
  • Name of disease: Jowl abscess
  • Etiology: Streptococcus porcinus
33
Q

Sheep. MDx? Cause? Name of Disease?

A
  • MDx: Nasal carcinoma or adenocarcinoma
  • Cause: Enzootic Nasal Tumor Virus (ovine betaretrovirus)
  • Name of Disease: Ovine enzootic nasal carcinoma
34
Q

Identify the abnormality in this image:

A

Uremic stomatitis/glossitis

Oral bacteria transform urea into ammonia, which irritates the oral epithelium and causes ulceration of the mucosa. Note that the lesions are more on the ventral surface of the tongue. This is pretty characteristic of lesions associated with uremia.

35
Q

This is the spleen from a Bernese Mountain Dog. What is the most likely differential?

A

Histiocytic sarcoma

36
Q

Top two differentials for this pattern of nephritis in a cat?

A

FIP and lymphosarcoma

MDx: multifocal pyogranulomatous nephritis

37
Q

The extreme dilation of the ventricles and thinning of cerebrocortical tissue shown in the image is characteristic for:

A

Congenital hydrocephalus

39
Q

Liver from a dog. MDx?

A

Hepatic cirrhosis

41
Q

Tissue from a steer.

MDx? Etiology?

A
  • Mdx: Fibrinous pneumonia
  • Etiology: Mannheimia haemolytica
42
Q

What abnormality are we seeing in this cat? What is the most common cause?

A

Saddle thrombus

Most likely cause is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats

43
Q

T/F: Parathyroid hyperplasia (pictured) is seen with secondary renal/nutritional hyperparathyroidism and pseudohyperparathyroidism observed in dogs with apocrine gland adenocarcinoma of the anal sac

A

False

Parathyroid hyperplasia is seen with secondary renal/nutritional hyperparathyroidism, but not with pseudohyperparathyroidism observed in dogs with apocrine gland adenocarcinoma of the anal sac

45
Q

Skin from a dog. Dx?

A

Calcinosis cutis

Very suspicious for underlying hyperadrenocorticism

46
Q

Tongue from a cat. MDx? Most likely cause?

A

Vesicular glossitis; calicivirus infection

47
Q

Top differential?

A

Renal lymphosarcoma

48
Q

Tissues from a calf. MDx?

A

Chronic suppurative omphalophlebitis

Fetal umbilical vein should close after birth and become the round ligament from liver to skin. If it gets infected/doesn’t close, it can become markedly thickened and can lead to liver abscesses (Multifocal areas of chronic suppurative abscesses, as seen in the photo)

50
Q

Secondary disease to uremia. MDx?

A

Multifocal intercostal subpleural mineralization

May be associated with deposition of calcium secondary to cell injury, hypercalcemia, or hyperphosphatemia

51
Q

Heart from a feedlot steer. MDx?

A

Chronic suppurative myocarditis

Likely the result of Histophilus somni infection

52
Q

MDx?

A

Hemorrhagic and necrotizing pancreatitis

What the image shows is acute pancreatitis with saponifiction of fat. The fat necrosis is secondary to release of enzymes from the pancreas. These enzymes are proteolytic and can cause fat necrosis.

53
Q

MDx?

A

Embolic pneumonia

55
Q

Adrenal glands from a horse. MDx?

A

Adrenal pheochromocytoma

55
Q

With which endocrine abnormality is this opacity of the lens fairly common?

A

Diabetes

56
Q

Mouth of a dog. Identify the abnormality.

A

Oral melanoma

57
Q

The myxedema shown in this obese dog is most commonly associated with which endocrine abnormality?

A

hypothyroidism

MDx for picture below: thyroid atrophy

58
Q

Heart from a 14 year old cat with hyperthyroidism. MDx?

A

biventricular cardiac hypertrophy

59
Q

What abnormality are we looking at here?

A

Cerebellar coning

60
Q

Cecum of a horse. Woah, what are those?

A

Anoplocephala perfoliata

61
Q

Tissue from a cow with severe chronic diarrhea and emaciation. MDx? Etiology?

A
  • MDx: Granulomatous enteritis
  • Etiology: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
62
Q

Liver from a cow. What is the most likely etiology?

A

Fascioloides magna

The black discoloration on the surface and throughout the parenchyma is a result of the iron porphyrin pigment that is very characteristic of F. magna

63
Q

When preparing a histological specimen, what is the ideal thickness of tissue in the cassette?

A

~3 mm

RUSVM Pathology II (5 decks)

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