Pathology; Bones

Question 1

Ewing sarcoma

Answer 1

Rare malignant tumor arising in bone; most often occurring in children.

Question 2

exostosis

Answer 2

Bony growth (benign) arising from the surface of bone.

Question 3

fracture

Answer 3

Traumatic breaking of a bone.

Question 4

simple (closed) fracture

Answer 4

the bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin

Question 5

compound (open) fracture

Answer 5

the bone is broken and a fragment of bone protrudes through an open wound in the skin

Question 6

Crepitus

Answer 6

the crackling sound produced when ends of bones rub each other or rub against roughened cartilage.

Question 7

reduction

Answer 7

restoration of the bone to its normal position

Question 8

closed reduction

Answer 8

manipulative reduction without a surgical incision

Question 9

open reduction

Answer 9

an incision is made for access to the fracture site

Question 10

4 stages of fracture healing

Answer 10

1. Hematoma formation–blood from the fracture site
2. Soft callus formation–blood hematoma becomes soft callus (cartilage)
3. Hard callus formation–soft callus becomes hard callus (cartilage)
4. Bone formation–hard callus becomes bone.

Question 11

osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma)

Answer 11

Malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts, (found primarily in children and adolescents.)

Question 12

osteomalacia

Answer 12

Softening of bone, with inadequate amounts of mineral (calcium) in the bone.

Question 13

osteomyelitis

Answer 13

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection

Question 14

osteoporosis

Answer 14

Decrease in bone density (mass); thinning and weakening of bone.

Question 15

talipes

Answer 15

Congenital abnormality of the hindfoot (involving the talus).