BONES Flashcards by Amaya Barajass

Osteoblasts

produce bony tissue

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Osteoclasts

large cells that reabsorb or digest bony tissue

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diaphysis

the shaft of a long bone

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Epiphysis

each end of a long bone

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Epiphyseal Line

An area of cartilage tissue that is constantly being replaced by new bone tissue (long bone)

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Metaphysis

Flared portion of the long bone

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Periosteum

strong, fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the surface of long bones
(except at the end of epiphyses)

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articular cartilage

the ends of long bones and the surface of any bone that meets another bone to form a joint

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Compact Bone

a layer of hard, dense bone that lies under the periosteum in all bones

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Haversian Canals

a system of small canals containing blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the bone and remove waste products

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Medullary Cavity

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Cancellous Bone

a spongy, porous bone tissue that contains red bone marrow within its spaces

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red bone marrow

immature and mature bloods in various stages if development

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Hematopoieses

the production of all types of blood cells in the bone marrow

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bone processes

enlarged areas that extend out from bones and serve as attachment for muscles, tendons, and ligaments

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bone depressions

openings or hollow regions serving as connections between bones or passageways for blood vessels and nerves

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Bone Head

rounded end of a bone

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Condyle

rounded knuckle-like process, at the end of the bone

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Epicondyle

small rounded process above the condyle

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trochanters

large and small processes for tendon attachments on the femur

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Tuberocity

round elevation where tendons and muscles attach on the humerus, calcareous, and pelvis

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Fissure

Narrow groove or slit like opening

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Foramen

Opening for blood vessels and nerves

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Fossa

Shallow cavity in or on a bone

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Sinus

Hollow cavity within bone

Sutures

The joints that join the cranial bones together

fontanelles

the soft spots or ‘gaps’ of unossified tissue in the skull at birth

Mental Foramen

Opening in the mandible that allows blood vessels and nerves to enter and leave

Coronal Suture

Connection across the skull between the two parietal bones and the frontal bone

Ethmoid Bone

Supports nasal cavity and eye sockets

Frontal bone

Forehead; part of eye sockets

Occipital bone

Back and base of skull

Parietal bones

Top and sides of skull

Sphenoid bones

Base of skull and behind eyes (bat-shaped bone)

Temporal bones

Lower sides and back of skull

Lacrimal bones

Corners of each eye

Mandible

Lower jaw bone

Maxillae

Upper jaw bones

Nasal bones

Bridge and septum of nose

Vomer

Nasal septum (thin, flat bone)

Zygomatic bones

Cheek bones

vertebral (spinal) column

composed of 26 bone segments, called vertebrae, that are arranged in five divisions from the base of the skull to the tailbone.

vertebral body

inner, thick, round anterior portion of a vertebrae

What connects the vertebrae together?

Facet joints

Clavicle

Collar bone

Scapula

Shoulder blade

Acromion

The extension of the scapula that joins with the clavicle to form a joint above the shoulder

Sternum

Breastbone

Xiphoid process

The lowest portion of the sternum

Manubrium

The uppermost portion of the sternum

Humerus

Upper arm bone

Ulna

Medial lower arm bone

Radius

Lateral lower arm

Carpals

Wrist bones

Phalanges

Finger bones

Pelvic girdle

Pevis

Ilium

Uppermost and largest portion of the pelvis

Ischium

inferior or lower part of the pelvis

Pubis

anterior part of the pelvis

Pelvic cavity

region within the ring of bone formed by the pelvic girdle

Femur

thigh bone

Patella

Kneecap

Tibia

larger of the two bones of the lower leg

Fibula

smaller of the two lower leg bones

Tarsals

bones of the hind and mid parts of the foot

Tarsals

bones of the hind and mid parts of the foot

Metatarsals

bones between the tarsals and phalanges

Phalanges of the toes

bones of the forefoot;

Acetabulum

Hip socket

Calcaneus

Heel bone

Carpals

Wrist bones

Clavicle

Collar bone

Coccyx

Tailbone

Cranium

Skull

Olecranon

Elbow

Tibia

Shin bone

Cartilage

Flexible, connective tissue; found in the immature skeleton, at the epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces

Collagen

Dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues, such as ligaments, tendons, and skin.

Compact bone

Hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones.

Foramen magnum

Opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.

Ligament

Fibrous connective tissue that binds bones to other bones.

sella turcica

Depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.

temporomandibular joint

Connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and mandibular bone of the jaw.

trabeculae

Supporting latticework of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone.

BONES Flashcards

(84 cards)