Pathology Flashcards
What can you see on histology of a brain with a Frontotemporal dementia?
Pick bodies (tau)
What is the most common malignant tumor of childhood?
Medulloblastoma
Are dementia genetic?
No, more sporadic
What is the most common CNS neoplasm in adult?
Metastatic tumor
Can you do a lumbar puncture in a patient with signs of ICP?
NO. DOWNWARD (TONSILLAR) HERNIATION RISK.
What is the major risk factor of dementia?
Smoking
What is the most common CNS tumor in the first 2 decades of life?
Pilocytic astrocytoma
What can you see on histology of a brain with a Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)?
- Prion protein misfolding = PrPsc
- Coalescent vacuoles
What are the clinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease?
- 1: Normal
- 2: Subjective complaints [15 years]
- 3: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-7 yr
- 4: Mild AD: finances, shopping, planning
- 5: Mild to moderate dementia: dressing, hygiene
- 6: moderate: apathy, incontinence
- 7: Severe dementia: single word communication, help with eating
What can you see on histology of a brain with Alzheimer’s disease?
- Aβ: neuritic plaques
- Tau: neurofibrillary
hat can you see on histology of a brain with a Lewy Body Disease?
Lewy bodies (Α-synuclein)
Compression of the third cranial nerve + ICP as signs of what?
Trans-tentorial (uncal) herniation
What are the type of cerebral herniation?
- Uncal (most common with unilateral lesion)
- Central
- Cingulate
- Transcalvarial (iatrogenic)
- Upward
- Tonsillar (downward)
- Patient presents with a head injury with a lucid phase + rapid deterioration
- Lens shape hemorrhage on CT
Where is the bleeding?
Epidural space
What is the most common injured vessel in a Epidural Hematoma?
Middle meningeal artery because most susceptible to head trauma
