Pathology Flashcards
Which is not a sign of inflammation?
A) Redness
B) Swelling
C) Hypoxemia
D) Pain
Hypoxemia
Hypoxemia is an abnormally low concentration of oxygen in the blood.
Hyperemia is an excess of blood in a body part. Mild hyperemia is a common response to massage therapy in the skin tissues.
What is coccydynia?
A) neck pain
B) bone formation
C) tailbone pain
D) constipation
Tail bone pain
The tailbone, also known as the coccyx, is the triangular bone structure located at the inferior sacrum. It is composed of three to five separate or fused bones.
The medical suffix -dynia means pain.
Another name for a sore throat is:
A) Rhinitis
B) Pharyngitis
C) Sinusitis
D) Bronchitis
Pharyngitis
Pharyngitis is another name for a sore throat.
Which of the following postural conditions can cause a forward deviation of the head?
A) Lordosis
B) Visceroptosis
C) Kyphosis
D) Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Lordosis- Also called “swayback.” The spine of a person with lordosis curves significantly inward at the lower back.
Kyphosis- Kyphosis is characterized by an abnormally rounded upper back, or outward curvature. This can cause the head to have an anterior deviation.
Scoliosis- A person with scoliosis has a sideways curve to their spine. The curve is often S-shaped or C-shape.
What is the term used to describe a cancerous tumor?
A) Acute
B) Malignant
C) Benign
D) Chronic
Malignant
Malignant tumors/cells tend to metastasize, spread, and be cancerous. Benign tumor/cells (tumor) lacks the ability to spread or metastasize.
When is a massage contraindicated?
A) If the client is in a midst of an asthma attack
B) If the client is in the subacute stage of a cold (over 72 hours old).
C) If the client is in the subacute stage of a sprain (over 72 hours old).
D) If the client has scoliosis (over 72 hours old).
If the client is in a midst of an asthma attack
Massage is indicated for asthma, unless the client is currently experiencing an asthma attack.
What special precautions are necessary with a client that has been on synthetic thyroid medication (i.e. Synthroid) for 5+ years.
A) Natural thyroid oils, herbs, and supplements should be suggested as an alternative to their medication.
B) Synthetic thyroid medication contraindicates massage therapy.
C) Someone who has been on synthetic thyroid medication for a long time probably has no significant side effects and no implications for massage therapy.
D) Practitioner should avoid neck massage because of the proximity to the thyroid gland.
Someone who has been on synthetic thyroid medication for a long time probably has no significant side effects and no implications for massage therapy.
“Someone who has been on synthetic thyroid medication for a long time probably has no significant side effects and no implications for massage therapy.”
Ruth Werner - A Massage Therapist’s Guide to Pathology
Statins are used to combat which condition or pathology?
A) Allergic reactions
B) Blood pressure
C) Arrhythmias
D) Cholesterol
Cholesterol
Statins are drugs that can lower cholesterol.
Your client suffers from emphysema. Massage may:
A) Temporarily reduce anxiety/stress due to changes in client’s breathing.
B) Relax contracted musculature of the accessory muscles which become involved with assisted breathing.
C) Temporarily increase rib cage mobility by relaxing intercostals.
D) All of the above.
All of the above
Emphysema is a noninfectious, chronic respiratory condition, where the walls of the alveoli deteriorate and lose elasticity.
Massage may:
Temporarily reduce anxiety/stress due to changes in client’s breathing.
Relax contracted musculature of the accessory muscles which become involved with assisted breathing.
Temporarily increase rib cage mobility by relaxing intercostals.
Each of the following are contagious conditions, except:
A) Lupus
B) Shingles
C) Meningitis
D) Mononucleosis
Lupus
Lupus is a chronic, autoimmune disease that characterized by acute and chronic inflammation of various tissues of the body. It can attack any part of the body (skin, organs, or joints). It is not contagious.
Kyphosis is ______________.
A) An extreme or exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine
B) A lateral curvature of the spine
C) An extreme or exaggerated curvature of the thoracic spine
D) An extreme or exaggerated curvature of the cervical spine
An extreme or exaggerated curvature of the thoracic spine
Lordosis- Also called “swayback.” The spine of a person with lordosis curves significantly inward at the lower back.
Kyphosis- Kyphosis is characterized by an abnormally rounded upper back, or outward curvature. This can cause the head to have an anterior deviation.
Scoliosis- A person with scoliosis has a sideways curve to their spine. The curve is often S-shaped or C-shaped.
Osteomalacia (Rickets) is caused by what vitamin deficiency?
A) A
B) C
C) D
D) E
D
Osteomalacia refers to a softening of the bones, often caused by a vitamin D deficiency.
Osteomalacia in children is known as rickets. Rickets is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate.
Which endangerment zone contains the styloid process?
A) Axilla
B) Inferior to the Ear
C) Sciatic Notch
D) Femoral Triangle
Inferior to the ear
The area posterior to the mandible and inferior to the ear contains the facial artery and nerve and the styloid process of the temporal bone.
A client reports they have had a cold this week (over 72 hours since onset) and have no fever. You should:
A) explain that this is systemically contraindicated and reschedule.
B) proceed with massage as usual. Massage is indicated if a cold is in the subacute stage over 72 hours.
C) proceed with massage and use eucalyptus essential oil.
D) proceed, but use deep pressure to release toxins.
proceed with massage as usual. Massage is indicated if a cold is in the subacute stage over 72 hours.
Massage is indicated for colds in the sub-acute (post 72 hour) stage, and systemically contraindicated in the acute stage.
Which of the following is a hemoglobinopathy that affects primarily African Americans?
A) polycythemia
B) aplastic anemia
C) idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
D) sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited form of anemia. It is a lifelong disease. Anemia is a condition in which there aren’t enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body. With Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), red blood cells are misshapen like crescent moons and get stuck in blood vessels.
