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AB 2nd Year ENT > Pathology > Flashcards

Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

what cell does a vestibular schwannoma originate from?

A

myelin forming cells (schwann) of CN8

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2
Q

what is a vestibular schwannoma?

A

benign primary intracranial tumour

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3
Q

where usually is a vestibular schwannoma?

A

temporal bone

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4
Q

who gets vestibular schwannomas (2 groups)?

A

sproradic (unilateral)

young (+ bilateral = NF2)

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5
Q

clinical features of NF2?

A

bilateral vestibular schwannomas
multiple meningiomas
gliomas

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6
Q

symptoms of vestibular schwannoma?

A

progressive ipsilateral tinnitus
sensorineural deafness
(due to cochlear nerve compression)

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7
Q

investigation for unilateral tinnitus?

A

MRI!!!!!!!!!!!

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8
Q

treatment for vestibular schwannoma?

A

surgery

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9
Q

in ENT, where can paragangliomas occur?

A

throat (non chromaffin)

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10
Q

who gets paragangliomas?

A

> 50, feature of MEN2

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11
Q

what virus is related to squamous papillomas in the throat?

A

HPV types 6 and 11

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12
Q

what is differences in squamous papillomas in adults and children?

A

adults - solitary, often not 6 and 11 related (laryngeal papillomatosis)
children - aggressive

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13
Q

risks for SSC in head and neck?

A

alcohol
smoking
HPV type 16

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14
Q

what is a contact ulcer?

A

benign response to injury

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15
Q

features of a contact ulcer?

A

ulceration

granulation tissue

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16
Q

histological features of nasal polyps?

A

oedema of lamina propria
inflam change
scattered stromal atypia

17
Q

treatment or nasal polyps?

A

intranasal steroids
oral steroids
surgery

18
Q

what is samter’s triad?

A

asthma
nasal polyps
salicylic acid sensitivity

19
Q

symptoms of nasal polyps?

A

chronic rhinosinusitis
nasal obstruction
discharge
facial pain/pressure

20
Q

what are laryngeal polyps and how do they occur?

A

rare, reactive change in laryngeal mucosa

secondary to vocal abuse, infection, smoking

21
Q

what are nodules?

A

young women
bilateral
middle third to posterior third on vocal cords

22
Q

what are polyps?

A

unilateral and pedunculated

23
Q

what virus is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

A

EBV

AB 2nd Year ENT (9 decks)

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