Pathology Flashcards
what cell does a vestibular schwannoma originate from?
myelin forming cells (schwann) of CN8
what is a vestibular schwannoma?
benign primary intracranial tumour
where usually is a vestibular schwannoma?
temporal bone
who gets vestibular schwannomas (2 groups)?
sproradic (unilateral)
young (+ bilateral = NF2)
clinical features of NF2?
bilateral vestibular schwannomas
multiple meningiomas
gliomas
symptoms of vestibular schwannoma?
progressive ipsilateral tinnitus
sensorineural deafness
(due to cochlear nerve compression)
investigation for unilateral tinnitus?
MRI!!!!!!!!!!!
treatment for vestibular schwannoma?
surgery
in ENT, where can paragangliomas occur?
throat (non chromaffin)
who gets paragangliomas?
> 50, feature of MEN2
what virus is related to squamous papillomas in the throat?
HPV types 6 and 11
what is differences in squamous papillomas in adults and children?
adults - solitary, often not 6 and 11 related (laryngeal papillomatosis)
children - aggressive
risks for SSC in head and neck?
alcohol
smoking
HPV type 16
what is a contact ulcer?
benign response to injury
features of a contact ulcer?
ulceration
granulation tissue
histological features of nasal polyps?
oedema of lamina propria
inflam change
scattered stromal atypia
treatment or nasal polyps?
intranasal steroids
oral steroids
surgery
what is samter’s triad?
asthma
nasal polyps
salicylic acid sensitivity
symptoms of nasal polyps?
chronic rhinosinusitis
nasal obstruction
discharge
facial pain/pressure
what are laryngeal polyps and how do they occur?
rare, reactive change in laryngeal mucosa
secondary to vocal abuse, infection, smoking
what are nodules?
young women
bilateral
middle third to posterior third on vocal cords
what are polyps?
unilateral and pedunculated
what virus is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
EBV
