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Pharma Tbilisi > Pathology > Flashcards

Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Seborrheic keratosis location and lesions?

A

On the trunk

Flat
Well demarcated
Round or oval
Dark, velvety surface
Stuck on

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2
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis location and lesions?

A

Face or scalp

Red plaques
Scale

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3
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

Papules or plaques
Round
Red brown

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4
Q

Melanocytic nevus location and lesions?

A

Trunk

Tan/brown
Uniform colour
Round or oval
<6mm

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5
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis location and lesions?

A

Papules/vesicles in bilateral groups
Pruritic

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6
Q

Urticaria?

A

Wheals- reddish white papules/plaques

Flares- surrounding erythema

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7
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Early:
Plaques
Sharp borders
Scale

Late:
Bleed
Crust
Ulcerate

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8
Q

Erythema nodosum location and lesions?

A

Shins

Erythematous nodules
Painful
Spreading slowly
Brown/purple

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9
Q

Histology of psoriasis?

A

Munro microabscesses

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10
Q

Histology of seborrheic keratosis?

A

Keratin filled cysts (horn cysts)

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11
Q

Histology of actinic keratosis?

A

Hyperkeratosis
Parakeratosis
Epidermal cell dysplasia

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12
Q

Histology of squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Keratin pearls

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13
Q

Prader-Willi syndrome?

A

Fat
Glutton
Hypotonia
Hypogonadism

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14
Q

Angelman syndrome?

A

Frequent laughter

Seizures

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15
Q

Creutzfeld-Jakob?

A

PrPSC prion for mad cow disease

Rapidly progressing dementia

Ataxia
Startle myoclonus

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16
Q

Creutzfeld-Jakob histology?

A

Intracellular vacuoles

Spongiform encephalopathy

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17
Q

Patterson-Kelly syndrome?

A

Sideropenic dysphagia

Iron deficiency anaemia
Post cricoid web
Koilonychia

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18
Q

Dandy-Walker?

A

Anomaly of 4th ventricle

Vermis agenesis

Hydrocephalus

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19
Q

Waterhouse-Friedrichsen?

A

Adrenal destruction due to meningitis by N. meningitidis

20
Q

Guillian-Barre?

A

Autoimmune demyelination triggered by infection

Starts in the feet and moves upwards

Resolves after a few weeks

21
Q

Krabbe’s disease?

A

Lysosomal storage disease

No galactocerebrosidase so galactocerebroside accumulates

Newborns:
Hypotonia
Spasticity
Areflexia

22
Q

Physical symptoms of Wernicke-Korsakoff?

A

Ataxia

Nystagmus

Visual disturbances

23
Q

Friedrich’s ataxia?

A

Mitochondrial dysfunction

Starts from adolescence

CVS
CNS
Diabetes
Kyphoscoliosis

24
Q

Parkinson’s histology?

A

Sinuclein filled Lewy bodies

25
Q

Screening for neural tube defects?

A

Alpha-fetoprotein

26
Q

Prokinetic drugs for GORD?

A

Metocloperamide

Domperidone

27
Q

Chari 2?

A

Myelomeningocele

Includes vermis

Beaked midbrain

28
Q

Symptoms of Chiari 2?

A

Hydrocephalus

Paralysis

29
Q

Acute diffuse encephalomyelitis (ADEM)?

A

Demyelination after viral infection

Diffuse

Headache
Lethargy
Coma
Rapid course

30
Q

Imaging of ADEM?

A

Lesions not focal like in MS

Lesions similar to each other

31
Q

Acute necrotising encephalomyelitis?

A

More severe histology appearance than in ADEM

32
Q

Alzheimer’s histopathology?

A

Beta amyloid plaques

Neurofibrillary tangles

(Disease due to less ACh activity in brain)

33
Q

Second cause of Wernicke-Korsakoff?

A

Thiamine (B1) deficiency

34
Q

Anticonvulsive of choice in eclampsia treatment and prophylaxis?

A

Magnesium sulfate

35
Q

Symptoms of cyanocobalamin (B12) deficiency?

A

Glove and stocking neuropathy

Usually pernicious anaemia or absorption issue patients

36
Q

Placenta histology in pre-eclampsia?

A

Fibrinoid necrosis of vessels

37
Q

Folate deficiency?

A

Irritability

Personality changes

38
Q

Safest antihypertensive in pregnancy?

A

Alpha methyldopa

Labetalol

Nifedipine

39
Q

Commonest adult CNS tumour and histology?

A

Glioblastoma in cerebral cortex

Pseudopallisading cells line up along edge of necrosis

40
Q

Oligodendroglioma histology?

A

Fried egg cells

Chicken wire capillaries

41
Q

Second most common adult CNS tumour and histology?

A

Meningioma near surface, external to brain

Psammoma body

42
Q

Third most common adult CNS tumour and features

A

Schwannoma close to cranial nerve VIII

Expected symptoms

43
Q

Neurofibromatosis features?

A

Genetic

Lumps around nerves/neurones

Lisch nodules
Café-au-lait spots

44
Q

HELLP syndrome and features?

A

Severe variant of eclampsia

Haemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelets

45
Q

HELLP serology?

A

Schistocytes

Elevated bilirubin

Low haptoglobin

46
Q

Commonest childhood CNS tumour and histology?

A

Pilocystic astrocytoma

Contain Rosenthal fibres

47
Q

Childhood tumour causing ataxia and hydronephrosis?

A

Medulloblastoma in the cerebellum

Pharma Tbilisi (12 decks)

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