Antibiotics Flashcards
Abx classes affecting folic acid synthesis and reduction
Sulfonamides
Trimethoprim
Antibiotic classes affecting DNA integrity via free radicals
Metronidazole
Antibiotic classes affecting mRNA synthesis via RNA polymerase?
Rifampin
Antibiotic classes affecting DNA gyrase?
Fluoroquinolones
Quinolones
Antibiotic classes affecting membrane integrity?
Daptomycin
Polymixins
Antibiotic classes affecting cell wall synthesis?
Glycopeptides
Antibiotic classes affecting protein synthesis via 50S subunit?
Macrolides
Streptogramins
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Linezolid
Antibiotic classes affecting protein synthesis via the 30S subunit
Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines
Glycylcyclines
Antibiotic classes affecting peptidoglycan cross-linking?
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
What are the beta lactams?
Penicillins
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Penicillins administration?
Penicillin G IV and IM
Penicillin V oral
Mechanisms of penicillins?
Structural analog of D-Ala-D-Ala so it binds to its enzyme in its place, preventing cross linking. Its enzyme is penicillin binding protein (PBP)
AEs of penicillins?
Hypersensitivity reactions
Hemolytic anaemia
Drug induced interstitial nephritis
Which penicillins are resistant to penicillinase?
Dicloxacillin
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
What is penicillinase and how can an antibiotic be resistant to it?
It is a type of beta lactamase
Resistance via a bulky R group
What is the anti pseudomonal penicillin?
Piperacillin
Mechanism of cephalosporins?
Same as penicillins but less susceptible to penicillinases
Names of cephalosporins?
Names start with cef or ceph
Name the beta lactamases?
Clavulanic acid
Avibactam
Sulbactam
Tazobactam
Names of carbapenems?
End in penem