Pathology

Question 1

Nephrotic syndrome

Answer 1

Massive proteinuria and peripheral/periorbital edema. –>hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia

Question 2

Radio-opaque stones

Answer 2

Oxalate, phosphate stones

Question 3

Radio-luscent stones

Answer 3

uric acid, cystine stones

Question 4

LN in Nurkitt lymphoma

Answer 4

“Starry sky” pattern

Question 5

Diabetic nephropathy

Answer 5

BM thickening and presence of hyaline deposits in periphery of glomerulus

Question 6

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Answer 6

Can present as nephrotic syndrome (more common) or as nephritic (acute). MPGN shows deposits in subendothelial and mesangial space.

Question 7

Horseshoe kidney

Answer 7

Singel kidney that hasn’t migrated from pelvis. Forms when two kidneys fuse in development. As rise, encounter IMA, thus cannot rise to normal level. Typ asymptomatic but increased risk of obstruction, infection, stones

Question 8

Tumor lysis syndrome

Answer 8

Leukemic cells die and release K+, PO4, uric acid. Uric acid stones radioluscent so do not show up on xray.

Question 9

Acute interstitial disease of kidney

Answer 9

Commonly caused by reaction to medicine (penicillin, NSAIDs) or infection

Question 10

Drug induced tubulointerstitial nephritis

Answer 10

Edema and inflamm of renal tubules and interstitium, sparing of glom. Low grade fever, rash, arthralgias. Sulfonamides, methicillinm cipro, cephs, allopurinol, PPIs, rifampicin, cimetidine, NSAIDs

Question 11

Spike and dome deposits

Answer 11

Only in membranous glomerulonephritis

Question 12

IgA nephropathy (Berger disease)

Answer 12

nonlinear mesangial staining aith IgA immunofluorescence