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PNLE > Pathognomonic Signs > Flashcards

Pathognomonic Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Low-Grade Afternoon Fever

A

PTB (Pulmonary Tuberculosis)

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2
Q

Rusty Sputum

A

Pneumonia

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3
Q

Wheezing on Expiration

A

Asthma

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4
Q

Barrel Chest

A

Emphysema

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5
Q

Strawberry Tongue

A

Kawasaki Syndrome

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6
Q

Red Beefy Tongue

A

Pernicious Anemia

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7
Q

Protruding Tongue

A

Down Syndrome

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8
Q

Rice Watery Stool

A

Cholera

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9
Q

Stepladder like Fever with Chills

A

Malaria

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10
Q

Rose Spots in the Abdomen

A

Typhoid

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11
Q

Psuedo Membrane Formation

A

Diptheria

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12
Q

Koplic’s Spots (red spots with blue center, usually in the mouth)

A

Measles

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13
Q

Butterfly Rashes

A

SLE

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14
Q

Spider-like Varices

A

Liver Cirrhosis

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15
Q

Lioning Face

A

Leprosy

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15
Q

Chipmunk Face

A

Bulimia

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16
Q

Petechiae or (+) Herman’s Sign

A

Dengue

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17
Q

Rebound Tenderness

A

Appendicitis

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18
Q

Cullen’s Sign (Ecchymosis of umbilicus); (+) Grey Turners Spot

A

Pancreatitis

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19
Q

Kernig’s Sign (leg flex then leg pain on extension), and Brudzinkski’s Sign (neck flex = lower leg flex)

A

Meningitis

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20
Q

Hypocalcemia (+) Trousseau’s Sign / Carpopedal Spasm; Chvostek Sign (Facial Spasm)

A

Tetany

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21
Q

Risus Sardonicus

A

Tetanus

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22
Q

Olive-like Mass

A

Pyloric Stenosis

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23
Q

Moon Face appearance and Buffalo Hump

A

Cushing’s Syndrome

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24
Q

Machine like murmur

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

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25
Q

Bronze-like Skin Pigmentation

A

Addison’s Disease

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26
Q

Sausage Shaped Mass, Dance Sign (empty portion of RLQ)

A

Intussusception

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27
Q

Exopthalmus

A

Hyperthyroidism / Grave’s Disease

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28
Q

Descending Muscle Weakness

A

Myasthenia Gravis (MG)

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28
Q

Charcot’s Triad (Fever, RUQ Pain, Jaundice)

A

Cholangitis

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29
Q

Ascending Muscle Weakness

A

Gullain Barre Syndrome

30
Q

Homan’s Sign

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis

31
Q

Vesicular Rash (Central to Distal) Dew Drop on Rose Petal

A

Chicken Pox

32
Q

Crushing Stubbing Pain relived by NTG

A

Angina

33
Q

Crushing Stubbing Pain radiating to Left Shoulder, Neck, Arms, unrelieved by NTG

A

Myocardial Infarction

34
Q

Inspiratory Stridor

A

Laryngotracheobronchitis

35
Q

3D’s (Drooling, Dysphonia, Dysphagia)

A

Epiglotitis

35
Q

Sore Throat, Cervical Lymph Adenopathy, Fever

A

Infectious Mononucleosis

36
Q

Painless, progressive enlargement of Spleen & Lymph Tissues, Reed Stenberg Cells (Tumor Cells)

A

Hodgekin’s Disease / Lymphoma

37
Q

Pill-Rolling Tremors

A

Parkinson’s

38
Q

Expiratory Grunt

A

Fibrin Hyalin

39
Q

Salty Skin

A

Cystic Fibrosis

40
Q

3P’s (Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia)

A

Diabetes Mellitus

41
Q

Kussmaul Breathing (Deep, Rapid RR)

A

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

42
Q

4C’s (Coughing, Choking, Cyanosis, Continuous Drooling)

A

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

43
Q

Painless Hematuria

A

Bladder Cancer

44
Q

Reduced Size & Force of Urine

A

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

45
Q

Nikolsky’s Sign (Separation of Epidermis caused by Rubbing of the Skin)

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

46
Q

Visual Floaters, Flashes of Light, and Curtain Vision

A

Retinal Detachment

47
Q

Painful vision loss, tunnel or gun barrel, halo vision (peripheral vision loss)

A

Glaucoma

48
Q

Painless vision loss, opacity of the lens, blurring of vision

A

Cataract

49
Q

Cat’s Eye Reflex (Grayish Discoloration of Pupils)

A

Retino Blastoma

50
Q

Gower’s Sign (Use of hands to push one’s self from the floor)

A

Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy

50
Q

Coarse Facial Feature

A

Acromegaly

51
Q

Barret’s Esophagus (Erosion of the lower portion of the esophageal mucosa)

A

GERD

52
Q

Flapping Tremors

A

Hepatic Encephalopathy

53
Q

Bossing Sign (Prominent Forehead)

A

Hydrocephalus

54
Q

Burning on Urination and Frequency of Urination

A

Cystitis

55
Q

Cushing’s Triad (Hyper-Brady-Brady)

A

Increased ICP

56
Q

Hypo, Tachy, Tachy

A

Shock

57
Q

Vertigo, Tinnitus, Hearing Loss

A

Meniere’s Disease

58
Q

Chvostek Sign & Trousseaus Sign

A

Hypocalcemia

59
Q

Recurrent Blood Diarrhea

A

Ulcerative Colitis

60
Q

Bull’s Eye Rash

A

Lyme’s Disease

61
Q

Otorrhea

A

Basilar Fracture

62
Q

Battle Sign & Racoon’s Eye

A

Orbital Fracture

63
Q

Macewen’s Sign (Crackpot sound)

A

Hydrocephalus

64
Q

Systolic Murmurs that is heard on 3rd-4th ICS for Pediatric Patients

A

Ventricular Septal Defects

65
Q

Machinery type of murmur at the middle of upper left sternal border

A

Patent Ductus Ateriosus / Patent Foramen Ovale

66
Q

Boot-Shaped Heart in Chest X-Ray

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

67
Q

Strawberry Tongue (Red Oral Mucosa)

A

Kawasaki Disease

68
Q

Respiratory Wheezing

A

Bronchial Asthma

69
Q

Thumb Sign on Lateral Neck (X-Ray)

A

Epiglottitis

70
Q

Steeple Sign on Anterior Neck (X-Ray)

A

Croup

71
Q

Hallmark sign of tension pneumothorax

A

tracheal deviation

72
Q

Charcot’s Triad (SIN)

A

Multiple Sclerosis

  • Scanning Speech (Stacatto)
  • Intentional Tremors
  • Nystagmus
73
Q

Congestion

A

Weight Gain of >1 kg / 24 hours

PNLE (15 decks)

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